Editing 1340s (section)

====Mongol decline====
[[Image:Asia in 1345.svg|thumb|right|The political configuration of Asia in the mid-1340s]]In the [[Kipchak Khanate]], [[Uzbeg Khan|Özbeg Khan]] of the [[Golden Horde]] died in 1341, ending what Muslim chroniclers considered a golden age.<ref>Saunders, p 164, 165</ref> His elder son [[Tini Beg|Tinibeg]] ruled for a year or two, before being dethroned and killed at the hands of his younger brother Janibeg in 1342.<ref name="Saunders165">Saunders, p 165</ref> Janibeg's fifteen-year reign was notable for the appearance and rapid transmission of the [[Black Plague]] along the trade routes from [[inner Asia]] in this decade.<ref name="Saunders165"/> The nation "struggled into new life" after the plague had passed in the following decade.<ref name="Saunders165"/>

The [[Chagatai Khanate]] was being split by religious dissensions between the traditionalist Mongol adherents of the ''[[Yassa|Yasa]]'' and the Mongol and [[Turkic peoples|Turkish]] converts to Islam.<ref name="Saunders172-173">Saunders, p 172-173</ref> The eastern half of Chagatai seceded under the conservative Mongol element when [[Tughlugh Timur|Tughluk Temür]] seized power in [[Moghulistan]] around 1345.<ref name="Saunders172-173"/> The Khanate continued in Transoxiana, but the Chatagai khans became the puppets of the now enthusiastically Muslim Turkish amirs, and the amir [[Amir Qazaghan|Kazghan]] overthrew the Khan [[Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur|Kazan]] in 1347.<ref name="Saunders173">Saunders, p 173</ref>

In the [[Persia]]n [[Ilkhanate]], the Mongol [[Hulagu Khan|House of Hülegü]] had been extinguished in the male line with the death of Il-Khan [[Abu Sa'id (Ilkhanid dynasty)|Abu Sa'id]] in 1335, .<ref>Boyle, p 413</ref> As JJ Saunders wrote, "A crowd of competitors for the vacant throne started up, but of some history has scarcely condescended to record their names, much less their actions, and an interval of more than thirty years was filled with confused political struggles"<!--(until the emergence of [[Tamerlane]] in 1369)-->.<ref>Saunders, p 146</ref> Numerous claimants were set up in the 1330s; by 1339, the two rivals were [[Jahan Temür]] set up by [[Hasan Buzurg|Shaik Hasan-i Buzurg]], and [[Suleiman Khan]] supported by [[Hassan Kuchak|Shaik Hasan-i Kuchak]].<ref name="Boyle-p415">Boyle, p 415</ref> In June 1340, the two Hasans and their rival khans met in battle on the Jaghatu; "Hasan-i Buzurg was defeated and fled to [[Baghdad]], where he deposed Jahan-Temür and himself assumed sovereignty as the founder of the [[Jalayirids|Jalayir dynasty]]".<ref name="Boyle-p415" /> The deposition of Jahan-Temür can be regarded as the final dissolution of the Ilkhanate. Although his rival retained nominal power among the [[Chobanids]] for another year or two, he in turn was deposed by Hasan-i Kuchak's brother and similarly disappears into obscurity.<ref>Boyle, p 415-416</ref> "So insignificant had these figureheads become", according to JA Boyle, "that we are not even informed as to the time and manner of their death".<ref name="Boyle416">Boyle, p 416</ref> Suleiman was replaced as puppet by Anushirvan, "in whose name his Chobanid masters continued to strike coin until 1353".<ref name="Boyle416"/>
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In the 1330s, the claimants included [[Arpa Ke'un|Arpa Ke'ün]] (a great-grandson of [[Ariq Böke|Arigh Böke]]); who was defeated by the [[Oirat]] candidate Musa (a grandson of [[Baydu|Baidu]]); who was defeated by a great-grandson of [[Mengu-Timur|Mengü-Temür]], set up as a claimant by [[Hasan Buzurg|Shaik Hasan-i Buzurg]].<ref>Boyle, p 413-414</ref>  [[Hassan Kuchak|Shaik Hasan-i Kuchak]] passed off a Turkish slave as his long deceased father Temür-Tash, as a pretence to attract the supporters of the [[Chupanids|Chobanids]] as well as the Oirat tribesmen who had fought under Musa.<ref>Boyle, p 414-415</ref>
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