Editing 1304 (section)

===July &ndash; September===
* [[July 7]] &ndash; [[Pope Benedict XI]] dies after an 8-month [[pontificate]] in [[Perugia]].<ref name=Cassell>Williams, Hywel (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 153. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>
* [[July 17]] &ndash; A [[1304–1305 papal conclave|papal conclave]], with 15 of the 19 living Roman Catholic cardinals, assembles at [[Perugia]] to elect a successor to Pope Benedict XI, who had died 10 days earlier. The conclave will be deadlocked for almost a year until [[Pope Clement V|Clement V]] receives the necessary two-thirds majority on June 5, 1305.<ref name=Cassell/>
* [[July 24]] &ndash; [[Sieges of Stirling Castle|Siege of Stirling Castle]]: King [[Edward I of England]] captures the Scottish rebel stronghold at [[Stirling]]. The castle is for four months bombarded by twelve [[siege engine]]s. During the siege, Edward orders his engineer, Master [[James of Saint George|James of St. George]], to build a massive engine called the [[Warwolf]]. Eventually, [[William Oliphant (governor of Stirling Castle)|William Oliphant]] and his garrison surrender.<ref name="Armstrong, Pete 2003 p. 87"/>
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Andrey of Gorodets|Andrey III Aleksandorovich]], Kievan nobleman and Grand Prince of the Principality of [[Vladimir-Suzdal|Grand Duchy of Vladimir]] dies and is succeeded by his uncle [[Mikhail of Tver]].
* [[August 8]] &ndash; [[Treaty of Torrellas]]: The 18-year-old King [[Ferdinand IV of Castile]] signs a peace with King [[James II of Aragon]] ("James the Just"). In the terms, James agrees to restore the [[Kingdom of Murcia]] to [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]], except for [[Alicante]], [[Elche]], [[Orihuela]], and lands north of the [[Segura River]]. In return for extensive patrimony, Prince [[Alfonso de la Cerda]] renounces his claim to the Castilian throne, ending a conflict that has disturbed the tranquility of the realm for nearly 30 years.<ref>Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2011). ''The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait'', p. 120. University of Pennsylvania Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8122-2302-6}}.</ref> 
* [[August 11]] &ndash; [[Battle of Zierikzee]]: A French-Hollandic fleet (some 50 galleys) supported by Genoese ships led by Admiral [[Rainier I of Monaco, Lord of Cagnes|Rainier I]] defeats the Flemish ships near [[Zierikzee]]. During the battle, the Flemish commander [[Guy of Namur]] is captured, and his fleet (which consists of Flemish, English, Hanseatic, Spanish and Swedish ships) is annihilated.
* [[August 18]] &ndash; [[Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle]]: French forces (some 13,000 men) led by King [[Philip IV of France]] ("Philip the Fair") defeat a Flemish army at [[Mons-en-Pévèle]]. During the battle, the Flemish, led by [[William of Jülich]] "the Younger") are forced to retreat to [[Lille]]. William is killed, and the French lose the [[Oriflamme]] ("Golden Flame"), the [[War flag|battle standard]] of Philip.<ref>Verbruggen J. F. (2002). ''The Battle of the Golden Spurs: Courtrai, 11 July 1302'', pp. 202–203. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. {{ISBN|0-85115-888-9}}.</ref>
* [[August]]
** Flemish forces under [[John II, Duke of Brabant]] ("the Peaceful") and [[Guy, Count of Flanders|Guy of Dampierre]] occupy [[County of Zeeland|Zeeland]] and [[County of Holland|Holland]]. In response, [[John II, Count of Holland]], count of Holland, recovers the Zeeland and Holland, and restores his authority, but dies on [[August 22]].<ref>Fegley, Randall (2002). ''The Golden Spurs of Kortrijk: How the Knights of France Fell to the Foot Soldiers of Flanders in 1302'', p. 105. McFarland & Co. {{ISBN|0786480548}}.</ref>
** Sultan [[Alauddin Khalji]] orders a [[Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Gujarat#1304 invasion|second invasion of Gujarat]], which results in the annexation of the [[Vaghela dynasty|Kingdom of Vaghela]] into the [[Delhi Sultanate]].<ref>Peter Jackson (2003). ''The Delhi Sultanate: A political and Military History'', p. 288. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-54329-3}}.</ref><ref>Satish Chandra (2007). ''History of Medieval India: 800–1700'', p. 103. Orient Longman. {{ISBN|978-81-250-3226-7}}.</ref>
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[Brinolfo Algotsson]], the Swedish Catholic [[Bishop of Skara]] is rewarded for his financial assistance in rebuilding Norway's [[Stavanger Cathedral]], as a Norwegian ship arrives at Skara. He is presented a [[relic#Christianity|holy relic]], what is purported to be a [[Thorns, spines, and prickles|thorn]] from the [[crown of thorns]] worn by [[Jesus Christ]] at the [[Crucifixion of Jesus|Crucifixion]]. In a solemn profession led by Algotsson, the thorn is transported to the [[Skara Cathedral]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180402035322/http://www.lodose.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/14-Christ%C2%B4s-Thorn-and-Bishop-Brynolf.pdf "Christ's Thorn and Bishop Brynolf"]</ref> 
* [[September 22]] &ndash; [[Thomas of Corbridge]], England's powerful [[Archbishop of York]], dies after a little more than four years in office. The office is vacant for several months, and leads to the resignation of Lord Chancellor William Greenfield to become the new Bishop.