Editing 1248 (section)

==== Europe ====
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Battle of Parma]]: Imperial forces (some 6,000 men) under Emperor [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]] are defeated by the [[Lombard League]] at [[Parma]]. Much of Frederick's treasure is lost, while he is hunting in the [[Val di Taro|Taro Valley]].
* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Siege of Seville]]: Castilian forces under King [[Ferdinand III of Castile|Ferdinand III]] ('''the Saint''') recapture the city of [[Seville]] from the Almohads, after a 16-month siege. Prince [[Alfonso X of Castile|Alfonso of Castile]] takes the city of [[Alicante]].
* [[November 24]]&ndash;[[November 25|25]] &ndash; In the middle of the night a mass on the north side of [[Mont Granier]] suddenly collapses, in one of the largest historical rock slope failures.<ref>{{citation|url=http://geomorphologie.revues.org/7495|author=Fort, Monique |title=Geomorphic impacts of large and rapid mass movements: a review|work=Géomorphologie|year=2009|volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=47–64 |doi=10.4000/geomorphologie.7495 |accessdate=2015-08-25|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
* December &ndash; [[William of Villehardouin]], Latin ruler of the [[Principality of Achaea]], captures [[Monemvasia]] – last remaining Byzantine outpost on the [[Peloponnese]].
* December &ndash; Ferdinand III issues an edict to expel the Almohads out of Seville. Many Muslims sail to [[North Africa]] and others travel to [[Granada]] in [[Al-Andalus]].