Editing 1214 (section)

==== Europe ====
* [[February 15]] &ndash; [[John, King of England]] ("Lackland") lands with an invasion force (accompanied by mercenaries) at [[La Rochelle]]; many barons of [[Kingdom of England|England]] refuse to join him in the campaign. John sends his half-brother [[William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury|William Longespée]] ("Long Sword") to [[County of Flanders|Flanders]], with money to assemble a mercenary army there. John pushes the French forces northeast from [[Poitou]] towards [[Paris]], while Emperor [[Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto IV]] marches southwest from Flanders.<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=77–79|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref> King [[Philip II of France]] (Augustus) decides to defend his territories by leaving a third of his army under his son, Prince [[Louis VIII of France|Louis]] to confront John in the [[Loire Valley]] – while Philip heads for Flanders to raid the region. On [[July 2]], John's forces are confronted by a French relief force while they besiege the castle of [[Siege of Roche-au-Moine|Roche-au-Moine]]. John retreats to La Rochelle, but his rearguard suffers immensely by the French army.<ref>Oman, Charles (2012). ''A History of the Art of War: The Middle Ages from the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century'', p. 539. {{ISBN|978-1-62358-003-2}}.</ref>
* [[June]] &ndash; Otto IV arrives in Flanders with a small army; four German nobles have joined him, but he is soon reinforced by troops of [[Renaud I, Count of Dammartin|Renaud I]], duke of [[County of Boulogne|Boulogne]], [[Ferdinand, Count of Flanders|Ferdinand]], (''[[jure uxoris]]'') count of [[County of Flanders|Flanders]] and the mercenaries under William Longespée. On July 26, Philip II arrives at the Flemish town of [[Tournai]] with his army (some 7,000 men), while the allied forces encamp 12 kilometers south at the Castle of [[Mortagne-du-Nord|Mortagne]] ([[Kingdom of France|France]]).
* [[July 2]] &ndash; The [[Papal Interdict of 1208]], laid against the [[Kingdom of England]], is lifted.
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Battle of Bouvines]]: Philip II defeats an army (some 9,000 men) of German, English and Flemish soldiers led by Otto IV near [[Bouvines]], ending the [[Anglo-French War (1213–14)|Anglo-French War]]. The French forces have taken a considerable number of soldiers prisoner, including 131 knights and five counts with Ferdinand, Renaud I and William Longespée among them.<ref name=CBH/>
* [[September 18]] &ndash; [[Truce of Chinon|Treaty of Chinon]]: John of England makes a truce with Philip II at the [[Château de Chinon|Castle of Chinon]], and recognizes the [[House of Capet|Capetian]] (French) territorial gains at the expense of the [[Angevin Empire]].<ref name=CBH/>
* [[October 5]] &ndash; Upon the death of their father, King [[Alfonso VIII of Castile]] ("the Noble"), and of their mother, [[Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile]] on [[October 31]], [[Berenguela of Castile|Berenguela]] becomes [[regent]] of her 10-year-old brother, [[Henry I of Castile|Henry I]].<ref name=linehan1999>{{cite book|author1-link=Peter Linehan|editor1-link=David Abulafia|title=The New Cambridge Medieval History c.1198-c.1300|year=1999|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=0-521-36289-X|pages=668–671|first=Peter|last=Linehan|editor=David Abulafia|chapter=Chapter 21: Castile, Portugal and Navarre}}</ref>
* [[November 20]] &ndash; A group of English nobles, after finding a copy of the [[Charter of Liberties]], swear an oath at the altar of [[Bury St Edmunds]], to force King John to acknowledge their rights.
* [[December 4]] &ndash; King [[William the Lion]] of [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] dies after a 49-year reign at [[Stirling]]. He is succeeded by his son, [[Alexander II of Scotland|Alexander II]], who is crowned at [[Scone, Scotland|Scone]] (until [[1249]]).