Editing 1158 (section)

==== Europe ====
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Vladislaus II, Duke and King of Bohemia|Vladislav II]] becomes king of [[Duchy of Bohemia|Bohemia]]. He is crowned by [[Frederick Barbarossa]], Holy Roman Emperor, with a [[diadem]] (called by the chroniclers a ''diadema'' or ''circulus''). Vladislaus is also invested with [[Upper Lusatia]], and accompanies Frederick to [[Milan]] to suppress the rebellion in [[Lombardy]] (northern [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]]).
* The [[Diet of Roncaglia]] is convoked by Frederick I. He mobilises an army of 100,000 men and leaves in June for a second Italian expedition – accompanied by [[Henry the Lion]] and his Saxon forces. He crosses the [[Alps]] and lays [[siege]] to Milan. German forces capture the city from the rebels after a short siege.<ref>Comyn, Robert (1851). ''History of the Western Empire, from its Restoration by Charlemagne to the Accession of Charles V'', p. 236–38.</ref> However Milan soon rebels again, with [[Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy|Empress Beatrice]] taken captive and forced into [[parading on donkey|parading on a donkey]].
* Summer &ndash; King [[Henry II of England]] travels to [[France in the Middle Ages|France]] to meet King [[Louis VII of France|Louis VII]] and propose a marriage between his three-year-old son [[Henry the Young King|Henry]] and Louis' daughter [[Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary|Margaret]] (less than a year old). She is shipped to [[Kingdom of England|England]], as the future wife and queen. The [[Vexin]] region is promised to Margaret as [[dowry]] and is put under the care of the [[Knights Templar]], until her future husband is old enough to take control of it.<ref>{{cite book|title=King John|first=W. L.|last=Warren|publisher=University of California Press|year=1961|page=27}}</ref>
* [[August 31]] &ndash; King [[Sancho III of Castile|Sancho III]] ("the Desired") dies after a 1-year reign. He is succeeded as ruler of [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]] by his 2-year-old son [[Alfonso VIII of Castile|Alfonso VIII]] ("the Noble"). The noble houses of [[House of Lara|Lara]] and [[House of Castro|Castro]] claim the regency, as the boy's uncle, [[Ferdinand II of León|Ferdinand II]] (ruler of [[Kingdom of León|León]] and [[Kingdom of Galicia|Galicia]]).
* [[Raymond of Fitero]], Spanish monk and [[abbot]], pledges to defend the fortress of [[Calatrava la Vieja|Calatrava]] (guarding the roads to [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]] and [[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]]) from incoming Muslim raiders. It is the founding moment of the [[Order of Calatrava]], the spearhead of the Iberian armies during the [[Reconquista]].<ref name=estow1982>{{cite journal|last=Estow|first=Clara|title=The Economic Development of the Order of Calatrava, 1158–1366|journal=Speculum|year=1982|volume=57|issue=2|pages=267–291|doi=10.2307/2847457|jstor=2847457|s2cid=164086223}}</ref>
* Portuguese forces, led by King [[Afonso I of Portugal]] ("the Great"), conquer Pamela, [[Alcácer do Sal]] and [[Sesimbra]] from the diminished [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravids]].<ref name=picard2000>{{cite book|last=Picard|first=Christophe|title=Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique|year=2000|publisher=Maisonneuve & Larose|location=Paris|isbn=2-7068-1398-9|page=110}}</ref>
* 12-year-old [[William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke|William Marshal]] is sent from England to the [[Château de Tancarville]] in [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]] to be brought up in the household of [[Tancarville#History|William de Tancarville]], a cousin of William's mother. He begins his training as a knight; this also includes academic studies, practical lessons in chivalry and courtly life, and warfare and combat (using wooden swords and spears).
* Welsh forces under [[Ifor Bach]] ("Ivor the Short") attack [[Cardiff Castle]] and kidnap [[William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester|William Fitz Robert]], Norman lord of [[Glamorgan]], along with his family.