Editing 1154 (section)

==== Europe ====
* [[February 26]] &ndash; King [[Roger II of Sicily|Roger II]] dies at [[Palermo]] after a 24-year reign. He is succeeded by his fourth son [[William I of Sicily|William I]] ('''the Bad''') as ruler of [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]]. William appoints [[Maio of Bari]], a man of low birth, to chancellor and his adviser. He pursues his father's policy of strengthening authority over the towns and the Italian nobles, who rally around his cousin [[Robert III of Loritello|Robert III]], count of [[Loritello]], in [[County of Apulia and Calabria|Apulia and Calabria]].
* Autumn &ndash; King [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') leads an expedition into [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]] for his imperial coronation. He wants to impose his will upon the towns and cities of [[Lombardy]], a region long accustomed to interference from [[Kingdom of Germany|Germany]]. Frederick encounters stiff resistance to his authority, the Lombard nobles are unwilling to acknowledge his rule and the rights to raise taxes.<ref>Andrew Roberts (2008). ''Great Commanders of the Medieval World (454–1582)'', p. 130. {{ISBN|978-0-85738-589-5}}.</ref>
* The [[Almohad Caliphate|Almohad]] army conquers the last independent Muslim stronghold at [[Emirate of Granada|Granada]] (modern [[Spain]]), after a six year siege.<ref>Gilbert Meynier (2010). ''L'Algérie cæur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518)''. Paris: La Dïcouverte; p. 88.</ref>
* The [[Banate of Bosnia]] becomes an autonomous duchy as part of the [[Lands of the Hungarian Crown]].
* [[Tallinn]], the capital of [[Estonia]], is first marked on the world map by [[Muhammad al-Idrisi]].