Editing Æthelstan (section)

=== The struggle for power ===
Edward died at [[Farndon, Cheshire|Farndon]] in northern Mercia on 17 July 924, and the ensuing events are unclear.{{Sfn|Foot|2011|p=17}} Ælfweard, Edward's eldest son by Ælfflæd, had ranked above Æthelstan in attesting a charter in 901, and Edward may have intended Ælfweard to be his successor as king, either of Wessex only or of the whole kingdom. If Edward had intended his realms to be divided after his death, his deposition of Ælfwynn in Mercia in 918 may have been intended to prepare the way for Æthelstan's succession as king of Mercia.{{Sfnm|1a1=Keynes|1y=2001|1p=51|2a1=Charles-Edwards|2y=2013|2p=510}} When Edward died, Æthelstan was apparently with him in Mercia, while Ælfweard was in Wessex. Mercia acknowledged Æthelstan as king, and Wessex may have chosen Ælfweard. However, Ælfweard outlived his father by only sixteen days.{{Sfnm|1a1=Foot|1y=2011|1p=17|2a1=Keynes|2y=2014|2pp=535–536|3a1=Keynes|3y=1985|3p=187 n. 206}}

Even after Ælfweard's death there seems to have been opposition to Æthelstan in Wessex, particularly in Winchester, where Ælfweard was buried. At first Æthelstan behaved as a Mercian king. A charter relating to land in Derbyshire, which appears to have been issued at a time in 925 when his authority had not yet been recognised outside Mercia, was witnessed only by Mercian bishops.{{Sfnm|1a1=Foot|1y=2011|1pp=73–74|2a1=Keynes|2y=1999|2pp=467–468}} In the view of historians [[David Dumville]] and Janet Nelson he may have agreed not to marry or have heirs in order to gain acceptance.{{Sfnm|1a1=Dumville|1y=1992|1p=151|2a1=Nelson|2y=1999b|2p=104}} However, Sarah Foot ascribes his decision to remain unmarried to "a religiously motivated determination on chastity as a way of life".{{Sfn|Foot|2011|p=249}}{{Efn|An allusion in the twelfth-century [[Liber Eliensis]] to "Eadgyth, daughter of king Æthelstan" is probably a mistaken reference to his sister.{{Sfn|Foot|2011|p=59}} }}

Æthelstan's [[coronation]] took place on 4 September 925 at [[Kingston upon Thames]], perhaps due to its symbolic location on the border between Wessex and Mercia.{{Sfn|Foot|2011|pp=73–74}} He was crowned by the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], [[Athelm]], who probably designed or organised a new ''ordo'' (religious order of service) in which the king wore a crown for the first time instead of a helmet. The new ''ordo'' was influenced by [[West Francia|West Frankish]] liturgy and in turn became one of the sources of the medieval French ''ordo''.{{Sfn|Nelson|2008|pp=125–126}}

Opposition seems to have continued even after the coronation. According to William of Malmesbury, an otherwise unknown nobleman called Alfred plotted to blind Æthelstan on account of his supposed illegitimacy, although it is unknown whether he aimed to make himself king or was acting on behalf of Edwin, Ælfweard's younger brother. Blinding would have been a sufficient disability to render Æthelstan ineligible for kingship without incurring the odium attached to murder.{{Sfn|Foot|2011|p=40}} Tensions between Æthelstan and Winchester seem to have continued for some years. The [[Bishop of Winchester]], [[Frithestan]], did not attend the coronation or witness any of Æthelstan's known charters until 928. After that, he witnessed fairly regularly until his resignation in 931 but was listed in a lower position than he was entitled to by his seniority.{{Sfnm|1a1=Foot|1y=2011|1pp=75, 83 n. 98|2a1=Thacker|2y=2001|2pp=254–255}}

In 933 Edwin was drowned in a shipwreck in the North Sea. His cousin, [[Adelolf, Count of Boulogne]], took his body for burial at the [[Abbey of Saint Bertin]] in [[Saint-Omer]]. According to the abbey's annalist, Folcuin{{Emdash}}who wrongly believed that Edwin had been king {{Emdash}} thought he had fled England "driven by some disturbance in his kingdom". Folcuin stated that Æthelstan sent alms to the abbey for his dead brother and received monks from the abbey graciously when they came to England, although Folcuin did not realise that Æthelstan died before the monks made the journey in 944. The twelfth century chronicler [[Symeon of Durham]] said that Æthelstan ordered Edwin to be drowned, but this is dismissed by most historians.{{Efn|An exception is George Molyneaux, who states that "There are, however, grounds to suspect that Æthelstan may have had a hand in the death of Ælfweard's full brother Edwin in 933".{{Sfn|Molyneaux|2015|p=29}} }} Edwin might have fled England after an unsuccessful rebellion against his brother's rule, and his death may have put an end to Winchester's opposition.{{Sfnm|1a1=Foot|1y=2011|1pp=39–43, 86–87|2a1=Stenton|2y=1971|2pp=355–356}}