Editing Winston Churchill (section)

====El Alamein and Stalingrad====
While he was in Cairo in August, Churchill appointed [[Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis|Field Marshal Alexander]] as [[Field Marshal Auchinleck]]'s successor as Commander-in-Chief of the Middle East Theatre. Command of the Eighth Army was given to General [[William Gott]] but he was shot down and killed while flying to Cairo, and [[General Montgomery]] succeeded him.{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=702}}

[[File:Farouk_and_Churchill.jpg|thumb|Churchill meeting [[Farouk of Egypt|King Farouk]] in Cairo in December 1942]]

As 1942 drew to a close, the tide of war began to turn with Allied victories in [[Second Battle of El Alamein|El Alamein]] and [[Battle of Stalingrad|Stalingrad]]. Until November, the Allies had been on the defensive, but afterwards, the Germans were. Churchill ordered church bells to be rung throughout Great Britain for the first time since 1940.{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=702}} On 10 November, knowing El Alamein was a victory, he delivered one of his most memorable speeches at [[Mansion House, London|Mansion House]] in London: "This is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning".{{sfn|Jenkins|2001|p=702}}