Editing Timeline of Chinese history (section)

== 17th century ==
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:6%" | Year || style="width:10%" | Date || Event
|-
| 1602 || || The [[Dutch East India Company|Dutch East India Company (VOC)]] began shipping Chinese ceramics to Europe.
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| 1604 || || The [[Grand Secretariat|grand secretary]] [[Gu Xiancheng]] reopened the [[Donglin Academy]] in [[Wuxi]], establishing the [[Donglin movement]].
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| 1607 || || ''[[Euclid's Elements]]'' was first translated into Chinese.
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| 1609 || || ''[[Sancai Tuhui]]'' was published.
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| 1610 || || ''[[Jin Ping Mei]]'' was published.
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| 1615 || || The ''[[Zihui]]'' was compiled.
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| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1616 || 17 February || [[Nurhaci]] declared himself ''[[khan (title)|khan]]'' of the later Jin dynasty.
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| || All foreign [[Jesuit]]s were expelled from the [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] imperial court and astronomy bureau.
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| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1619 || 18 April || ''[[Battle of Sarhu]]'': The last of four [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] armies was destroyed during a retreat from a punitive expedition against [[Nurhaci]] and the later Jin.  Its commander [[Li Rubai]] committed suicide
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| || [[Wang Fuzhi]] was born.
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| rowspan="4" valign="top" | 1620 || 18 August || The [[Wanli Emperor]] died.
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| 28 August || The [[Wanli Emperor]]'s son the [[Taichang Emperor]] became [[emperor of China|emperor]] of the [[Ming dynasty]].
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| 26 September || The [[Taichang Emperor]] died.
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| 1 October || The [[Taichang Emperor]]'s young son the [[Tianqi Emperor]] became [[emperor of China|emperor]] of the [[Ming dynasty]].
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| 1624 || || The [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] established the state of [[Dutch Formosa]].
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| rowspan="3" valign="top" | 1626 || || [[Johann Adam Schall von Bell]] wrote the first Chinese language treatise on the telescope.
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| || The [[Jesuit]] [[Nicolas Trigault]] invented the first system for the romanization of Chinese.
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| || ''[[Battle of Ningyuan]]'': A [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] force defended [[Xingcheng]] against a numerically superior later Jin army.  [[Nurhaci]] suffered fatal wounds.
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| rowspan="6" valign="top" | 1627 || January || ''[[First Manchu invasion of Korea]]'': [[Nurhaci]]'s son [[Hong Taiji]], the ''[[khan (title)|khan]]'' of the later Jin dynasty, invaded [[Joseon]].
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| 30 September || The [[Tianqi Emperor]] died.
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| 2 October || The [[Tianqi Emperor]]'s younger brother the [[Chongzhen Emperor]] became [[emperor of China|emperor]] of the [[Ming dynasty]].
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| 13 December || The eunuch [[Wei Zhongxian]] committed suicide on hearing that the ''[[Jinyiwei]]'' had issued a warrant for his arrest.
|-
| || The ''[[Zhengzitong]]'' was published.
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| || The [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Polish]] [[Jesuit]] [[Michał Boym]] first introduced the heliocentric model of the [[Solar System]] into Chinese astronomy.
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| 1632 || || The later Jin dynasty conquered [[Inner Mongolia]].
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| 1634 || || The [[Chongzhen Emperor]] acquired the telescope of the late [[Johann Schreck]].
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| 1635 || || [[Liu Tong]] wrote a preface to the ''[[Dijing Jingwulue]]''.
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| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1637 || 30 January || ''[[Second Manchu invasion of Korea]]'': The [[Joseon]] king [[Injo of Joseon]] recognized [[Hong Taiji]]'s [[Qing dynasty]] as the legitimate rulers of China.
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| || [[Song Yingxing]] published the ''[[Tiangong Kaiwu]]''.
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| 1638 || || The [[Peking Gazette]] first used moveable type.
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| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1639 || || [[Xu Guangqi]] published a treatise on agriculture.
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| || [[Chen Hongshou]] arrived in Beijing.
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| 1641 || 8 March || [[Xu Xiake]] died.
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| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1642 || || ''[[1642 Yellow River flood]]'': The [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] governor of [[Kaifeng]] destroyed the levees holding back the [[Yellow River]] in order to break the siege of the [[peasant]] army of [[Li Zicheng]].  The resulting flood destroyed Kaifeng and killed some three hundred thousand people.
|-
| || A [[Han Chinese|Han]] army was made the last of the [[Qing dynasty|Qing]] [[Eight Banners]].
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| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1643 || 21 September || [[Hong Taiji]] died.
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| 8 October || [[Hong Taiji]]'s young son the [[Shunzhi Emperor]] became [[emperor of China|emperor]] of the [[Qing dynasty]].
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| rowspan="4" valign="top" | 1644 || 25 April || The [[Chongzhen Emperor]] hanged himself from the [[Zuihuai]] as the army of [[Li Zicheng]]'s [[Shun dynasty]] breached the walls of the [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] capital Beijing.
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| 27 May || ''[[Battle of Shanhai Pass]]'': A [[Shun dynasty|Shun]] army was dealt a heavy defeat by the [[Qing dynasty|Qing]] and the former [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] general [[Wu Sangui]] at [[Shanhai Pass]].
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| 4 June || [[Li Zicheng]] fled Beijing.
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| 8 November || [[Shunzhi Emperor]] enthroned in Beijing.
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| 1645 || 20 May || ''[[Yangzhou massacre|Yangzhou Massacre]]:'' The [[Qing dynasty|Qing Dynasty]] slaughter the inhabitants of [[Yangzhou]] city in 6 days according to the contemporary account given by [[Wang Xiuchu]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Finnane |first=Antonia |date=13 October 2004 |title=Yangzhou’s Ten Days |url=https://brill.com/display/book/9781684174003/BP000007.xml |journal=Speaking of Yangzhou: A Chinese City, 1550-1850 |series=Harvard East Asian Monographs |edition=1 |publisher=Harvard University Asia Centre |volume=236 |doi=10.1163/9781684174003_007 |via=Brill and JSTOR}}</ref> [[Wang Xiuchu|Xiuchu]]’s entire account spans 10 days and puts the death toll at 800,000 although Lynn A. Struve conjectures that the city’s population was hardly likely to have been more than 300,000.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Voices from the Ming-Qing Cataclysm: China in Tigers’ Jaws |publisher=Yale University Press |year=1993 |editor-last=Struve |editor-first=Lynn A. |location=New Haven and London |translator-last=Struve |translator-first=Lynn A.}}</ref>
|-
| 1653 || January || The [[5th Dalai Lama]], the [[Dalai Lama]] of [[Ganden Phodrang|Tibet]], visited the [[Qing dynasty|Qing]] capital Beijing.
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| 1659 || || [[Jesuit]]s [[Martino Martini]] and [[Ferdinand Verbiest]] arrived in China.
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| rowspan="2" valign="top" | 1661 || 5 February || The [[Shunzhi Emperor]] died.  He was succeeded by his young son the [[Kangxi Emperor]], with the [[Four Regents of the Kangxi Emperor]] acting as regents.
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| 14 June || The [[Southern Ming]] [[admiral]] [[Koxinga]] declared the establishment of the [[Kingdom of Tungning]] on [[Dutch Formosa|Taiwan]].
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| 1662 || 1 February || ''[[Siege of Fort Zeelandia]]'': The [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] surrendered [[Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)|Fort Zeelandia]] on [[Dutch Formosa|Taiwan]] to [[Koxinga]].
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| 1664 || || [[Johann Adam Schall von Bell|Schall von Bell]] was imprisoned.
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| 1673 || || ''[[Revolt of the Three Feudatories]]'': [[Wu Sangui|Wu]] rebelled against the [[Qing dynasty]] on the pretext of seeking to restore the [[Ming dynasty|Ming]].
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| 1682 || || The [[Spanish Netherlands|Belgian]] [[Jesuit]] [[Antoine Thomas]] arrived in China.
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| 1683 || || ''[[Battle of Penghu]]'': A [[Qing dynasty|Qing]] fleet destroyed the [[Kingdom of Tungning|Tungning]] navy at [[Penghu]].  The king of Tungning [[Zheng Keshuang]] surrendered to the Qing.
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| 1684 || || The first of the [[Qing dynasty|Qing]] [[Thirteen Factories]], neighborhoods where foreigners were allowed to live and trade, were established outside [[Guangzhou]].
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| 1689 || 27 August || The [[Qing dynasty]] signed the [[Treaty of Nerchinsk]] with [[Tsardom of Russia|Russia]], under which the two countries mutually agreed to a border at the [[Stanovoy Range]].
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| 1690 || || [[Yun Shouping]] died.
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| 1698 || || The [[Lugou Bridge]] was reconstructed.
|}