Editing Portugal (section)

==Culture==
{{Main|Culture of Portugal|Mass media in Portugal}}
[[File:Feira de Barcelos (05Set) 040.jpg|thumb|250px|upright|[[Rooster of Barcelos]], the iconic Portuguese souvenir and symbol]]
Portugal has developed a specific culture while being influenced by various civilisations that have crossed the European continent and Mediterranean, or were introduced when it played an active role during the [[Portugal in the Age of Discovery|Age of Discovery]]. In the 1990s and 2000s (decade), Portugal modernised its public cultural facilities, in addition to the [[Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation]] established in 1956 in Lisbon.

These include the [[Belém Cultural Centre]] in Lisbon, [[Serralves Foundation]] and the [[Casa da Música]], both in [[Porto]], as well as new public cultural facilities like municipal libraries and concert halls that were built or renovated in many municipalities across the country. Portugal is home to [[List of World Heritage Sites in Portugal|17]] UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]]s, ranking it [[World Heritage Sites by country|9th in Europe and 18th in the world.]]

=== Architecture ===
{{Main|Architecture of Portugal}}
[[File:Casa da Música - Porto, Portugal, 2012 - 001.jpg|thumb|[[Casa da Música]] is an example of modern architecture.]]
Traditional architecture is distinctive and include the [[Manueline]], also known as Portuguese late [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century, followed by [[Pombaline style]] of the 18th century.

A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture, [[Soft Portuguese style]], appears extensively in major cities, especially Lisbon. Modern Portugal has given the world renowned architects like [[Eduardo Souto de Moura]], [[Álvaro Siza Vieira]] (both [[Pritzker Prize]] winners) and [[Gonçalo Byrne]]. In Portugal [[Tomás Taveira]] is also noteworthy, particularly for stadium design.<ref>{{in lang|pt}} [https://www.dn.pt/Inicio/interior.aspx?content_id=615671 Estádios de Tomás Taveira e Souto Moura premiados] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429003508/http://www.dn.pt/Inicio/interior.aspx?content_id=615671 |date=29 April 2011 }}, [[Diário de Notícias]] (8 July 2005)</ref><ref>Tomás Taveira, Geoffrey Broadbent (introduction), Publisher: St Martins Pr (February 1991)</ref> The [[azulejo]] is a mainstream, typical element among Portugal's traditional building materials and construction techniques.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=A história do azulejo português |url=https://comunidadeculturaearte.com/a-historia-do-azulejo-portugues |access-date=15 May 2023 |website=Comunidade Cultura e Arte |language=pt |archive-date=16 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516000147/https://comunidadeculturaearte.com/a-historia-do-azulejo-portugues/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Life |first=Portugal the Simple |date=21 May 2021 |title=Azulejos – Get to know the famous Portuguese tiles |url=https://www.portugal-the-simple-life.com/post/azulejos-portuguese-tiles |access-date=15 May 2023 |website=Portugal Simple Life |language=en |archive-date=16 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516001643/https://www.portugal-the-simple-life.com/post/azulejos-portuguese-tiles |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Cuisine ===
{{Main|Portuguese cuisine|Portuguese wine}}
[[File:Lisboa L1190316 (24864204799).jpg|thumb|right|[[Pastel de nata|Pastéis de Nata]] in Lisbon]]
Portuguese cuisine is diverse, part of the [[Atlantic diet]]. A significant ingredient in the Portuguese diet is dry [[cod]] (''[[bacalhau]]'' in Portuguese). They say that the Portuguese have mastered 365 different ways to prepare codfish, meaning a cod dish for each day of the year, to name a few [[Bacalhau#Bacalhau dishes|recipes]]: [[bacalhau à Brás]], [[bacalhau à Gomes de Sá]], [[bacalhau com natas]], bacalhau à Minhota, bacalhau espiritual, bacalhau à Lagareiro, bacalhau assado, [[bacalhau à Zé do Pipo]], [[pastéis de bacalhau]]. Other fish recipes include grilled [[sardines]], [[mackerel]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jn.pt/4287431595/peixes-dos-mais-pescados-aos-mais-consumidos/|publisher=Jornal de Notícias|title=peixes dos mais pescados aos mais consumidos|date=24 July 2024 |language=pt}}</ref> [[sea bream]], and [[caldeirada]], a tomato-based [[stew]] that can be made from several types of fish or shellfish, with a mix of onion, garlic, bay leaf, potatoes, peppers, parsley.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.feastingathome.com/portuguese-fish-stew-caldeirada/ |title=Portuguese Fish Stew (Caldeirada) |author=Sylvia Fountaine |date=3 June 2020 |website=Feasting At Home |access-date=25 December 2023 |archive-date=25 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225163848/https://www.feastingathome.com/portuguese-fish-stew-caldeirada/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

Typical Portuguese meat recipes made out of the customary beef, pork, chicken, goat, lamb or duck meat, include ''[[cozido à portuguesa]]'', ''[[feijoada]]'', ''[[frango de churrasco]]'', ''leitão'' (roast [[suckling pig]]), ''[[chanfana]]'' and ''[[carne de porco à alentejana]]''. Typical fast food dishes include the [[Francesinha]] (Frenchie) from Porto and ''bifanas'' (grilled pork) or ''prego'' (grilled beef) [[sandwich]]es.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://simply-delicious-food.com/easy-portuguese-prego-rolls/|title=Easy Portuguese prego rolls|first=Alida|last=Ryder|date=18 May 2019|website=Simply Delicious|access-date=25 December 2023|archive-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225163848/https://simply-delicious-food.com/easy-portuguese-prego-rolls/|url-status=live}}</ref> An egg custard tart pastry, the [[pastel de nata]], typical and popular among the Portuguese, became popular abroad and among foreign tourists visiting the country as well.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portuguese custard tarts (Pastéis de nata) |url=https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/pasteis-de-nata |access-date=16 January 2024 |website=BBC Good Food |language=en |archive-date=28 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128142950/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/pasteis-de-nata |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Oliveira |first1=Sónia |last2=Fradinho |first2=Patrícia |last3=Mata |first3=Paulina |last4=Moreira-Leite |first4=Bruno |last5=Raymundo |first5=Anabela |date=1 October 2019 |title=Exploring innovation in a traditional sweet pastry: Pastel de Nata |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878450X19300320 |journal=International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science |volume=17 |pages=100160 |doi=10.1016/j.ijgfs.2019.100160 |s2cid=194348439 |issn=1878-450X}}</ref>

Portuguese wines have enjoyed recognition since the Romans, who associated Portugal with their god [[Dionysus|Bacchus]], due to its climate. Some of the best Portuguese wines are [[Vinho Verde]], [[Alvarinho]], [[Vinho do Douro]], [[Vinho do Alentejo]], [[Vinho do Dão]], [[Vinho da Bairrada]] and the sweet [[Port Wine]], [[Madeira Wine]], and the [[Moscatel]] from [[Setúbal]] and [[Favaios]].

=== Visual art ===
{{main|Portuguese art}}

[[File:A Adoração dos Magos (1828) - Domingos Sequeira.png|thumb|right|[[Domingos Sequeira]] was one of the most prolific [[neoclassicism|neoclassical]] painters ([[Adoration of the Magi (Sequeira)|''Adoration of the Magi''; 1828]]).]]

Portugal has a [[List of Portuguese artists|rich history in painting]]. The first well-known painters dating back to the 15th century&nbsp;– like [[Nuno Gonçalves]] and [[Grão Vasco|Vasco Fernandes]]&nbsp;– were part of the late Gothic painting period.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/nuno-goncalves/|title=O mítico Nuno Gonçalves|date=2012|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/nuno-goncalves/|title=Grão Vasco, o lendário pintor de Viseu|date=2012|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> During the Renaissance, Portuguese painting was highly influenced by Northern European painting.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://estudoemcasaapoia.dge.mec.pt/recurso/producao-artistica-em-portugal-manuelino-e-tendencias-do-renascimento|title=Produção Artística em Portugal: Manuelino e tendências do Renascimento|website=[[Ministry of Education (Portugal)|Ministry of Education]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> In the Baroque period [[Josefa de Óbidos]] and [[Vieira Lusitano]] were the most prolific painters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/josefa-de-obidos-1630-ou1634-1684/|title=Josefa de Óbidos, a pintora das naturezas mortas|date=2012|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>
[[José Malhoa]], known for his work ''Fado'', and [[Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro]] (who painted the portraits of [[Teófilo Braga]] and [[Antero de Quental]]) were both references in [[Naturalist school of painting|naturalist painting]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/jose-malhoa-1855-1933/|title=José Malhoa, pintor de costumes e tradições|date=2012|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/columbano-bordalo-pinheiro-1857-1929/|title=Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, mestre do retrato|date=2012|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

The 20th century saw the arrival of [[Modernism]], and along with it came the most prominent Portuguese painters: [[Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso]], who was heavily influenced by French painters, particularly the Delaunays ([[Robert Delaunay|Robert]] and [[Sonia Delaunay|Sonia]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.pt/historia/amadeo-souza-cardoso-biografia-o-genio_4346|title=Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso: O génio que viveu furiosamente|date=5 June 2024|website=National Geographic Portugal|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> Among his best-known works is ''Canção Popular – a Russa e o Fígaro''. Other great modernist painters/writers include [[Carlos Botelho]] and [[Almada Negreiros]], friend to the poet [[Fernando Pessoa]], who painted Pessoa's portrait. He was deeply influenced by both [[Cubist]] and [[Futurism (art)|Futurist]] trends.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/jose-de-almada-negreiros/|title=José de Almada Negreiros: artista multimédia|date=1999|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/botelho-um-olhar-na-cidade/|title=Botelho: um Olhar na Cidade|date=5 May 1982|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

Prominent international figures in visual arts today include painters [[Vieira da Silva]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulbenkian.pt/cam/artist/maria-helena-vieira-da-silva/|title=Maria Helena Vieira da Silva|website=[[Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Júlio Pomar]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulbenkian.pt/cam/artist/julio-pomar/|title=Júlio Pomar|website=[[Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Joana Vasconcelos]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtp.pt/programa/tv/p44926/e5|title=Joana Vasconcelos|date=2024|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Julião Sarmento]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulbenkian.pt/cam/artist/juliao-sarmento/|title=Julião Sarmento |website=[[Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> and [[Paula Rego]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/uma-biografia-de-paula-rego/|title=Uma biografia de Paula Rego|date=2022|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

=== Literature ===
{{Main|Portuguese literature}}
[[File:Camões, por Fernão Gomes.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Luís Vaz de Camões]], legendary poet of the [[Portuguese Renaissance]]]]
Portuguese literature, one of the earliest Western literatures, developed through text as well as song. Until 1350, the [[Portuguese-Galician]] [[troubadour]]s spread their literary influence to most of the Iberian Peninsula,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ferreira |first=Maria Ema |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/52071315 |title=Poesia e prosa medievais |date=1998 |publisher=Editora Ulisseia |isbn=972-568-124-X |page=9 |oclc=52071315 |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-date=2 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202204001/https://search.worldcat.org/title/52071315 |url-status=live }}</ref> like King [[Denis of Portugal|D. Dinis]] (1261–1325) who became famous for his poetry. Other kings would write and sponsor works of literature across Portuguese history, like [[Ferdinand I of Portugal|D. Fernando]] (1367–1383) who supported Pêro Menino in writing o ''Livro da Falcoaria''.<ref name="Carvalho 2014" />

Adventurer and poet [[Luís de Camões]] (c. 1524–1580) wrote the epic poem ''[[Os Lusíadas]]'' (''The Lusiads''), with [[Virgil]]'s ''[[Aeneid]]'' as his main influence.<ref name="WDL">{{cite web |date=1800–1882 |title=The Lusiads |url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11198/ |access-date=31 August 2013 |website=[[World Digital Library]] |archive-date=14 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014103951/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/11198/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Modern Portuguese poetry is rooted in neoclassic and contemporary styles, as exemplified by [[Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage|Bocage]] (1765–1805), [[Antero de Quental]] (1842–1891) and [[Fernando Pessoa]] (1888–1935). Modern Portuguese literature is represented by authors such as [[Almeida Garrett]], [[Camilo Castelo Branco]], [[José Maria de Eça de Queirós|Eça de Queirós]], [[Fernando Pessoa]], [[Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen]], [[António Lobo Antunes]], [[Miguel Torga]] and [[Agustina Bessa-Luís]]. Particularly popular and distinguished is [[José Saramago]], recipient of the 1998 [[Nobel Prize in Literature]].

=== Music ===
{{Main|Music of Portugal}}
[[File:AmaliaRodrigues1969 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Amália Rodrigues]] performing in 1969]]
The Music of Portugal encompasses a wide variety of genres. The traditional one is the Portuguese folk music which has deep roots in local customs, utilising instruments such as [[bagpipes]] (''[[Gaita (bagpipe)|gaita]]''),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/o-gaiteiro-mirandes/|title=O gaiteiro mirandês|date=2000|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> drums, flutes, tambourines, accordions and ukuleles (''[[cavaquinho]]'').<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/o-cavaquinho-para-o-mundo/|title=O "Cavaquinho" para o mundo|date=2013|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> Within Portuguese folk music is the renowned genre of [[Fado]], a melancholic urban music originated in [[Lisbon]] in the 19th century, probably inside bohemian environments, usually associated with the [[Portuguese guitar]] and ''saudade'', or longing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.museudofado.pt/en/fado-history-en|title=Fado History|website=Museu do Fado|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Coimbra fado]], a unique type of "[[troubadour]] serenading" fado, is also noteworthy. Internationally notable performers include [[Amália Rodrigues]], [[Carlos Paredes]], [[José Afonso]], [[Mariza]], [[Carlos do Carmo]], [[António Chainho]], [[Mísia]], [[Dulce Pontes]] and [[Madredeus]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/colecoes/amalia-rodrigues/|title=Amália Rodrigues|date=2013|website=Museu do Fado|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtp.pt/programa/tv/p32352|title=Carlos do Carmo: Um Homem no Mundo|date=2013|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

In addition to [[Folk music|Folk]], Fado and Classical music, other genres are present at Portugal like pop and other types of modern music, particularly from North America and the United Kingdom, as well as a wide range of Portuguese, Caribbean, Lusophone African and Brazilian [[List of Portuguese bands|artists and bands]]. Artists with international recognition include [[Dulce Pontes]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1487930/bio/|title=Dulce Pontes|website=imdb.com|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Moonspell]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/10/25/culturaipsilon/entrevista/principio-morbid-god-sonho-vieram-moonspell-sucesso-2108716|title=No princípio havia os Morbid God e um sonho, depois vieram os Moonspell e o sucesso|date=25 October 2024|website=Público|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Buraka Som Sistema]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://media.rtp.pt/festivaldacancao/autores/blasted/|title=Blasted Mechanism|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Blasted Mechanism]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.publico.pt/2016/03/11/culturaipsilon/noticia/terminar-porque-1725625|title=Buraka Som Sistema: dez anos da história mais surpreendente da música portuguesa |website=Público|date=11 March 2016|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[David Carreira]] and [[The Gift (band)|The Gift]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.infopedia.pt/artigos/$the-gift|title=The Gift|date=2013|website=infopédia|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> with the three latter being nominees for a [[MTV Europe Music Award]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/cultura/premios-europeus-da-mtv_n155279|title=Prémios Europeus da MTV|website=RTP|date=3 November 2005|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/cultura/david-carreira-venceu-premio-da-mtv_v960106|title=David Carreira venceu prémio da MTV|website=RTP|date=7 November 2016|access-date=5 January 2025}}</ref>

Portugal has several summer music festivals, such as ''[[Festival Sudoeste]]'' in [[Zambujeira do Mar]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabado.pt/gps/musica/detalhe/o-que-slow-j-gostaria-de-ver-no-meo-sudoeste|title=O que Slow J gostaria de ver no MEO Sudoeste|date=1 July 2023|website=Sábado|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> ''[[Festival de Paredes de Coura]]'' in [[Paredes de Coura]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sicnoticias.pt/especiais/vodafone-paredes-de-coura/2023-08-15-30-anos-do-Paredes-de-Coura-quatro-amigos-sonharam-pegaram-em-160-contos-e-fizeram-um-festival-0ea8f863|title=30 anos do Paredes de Coura: quatro amigos sonharam, pegaram em 160 contos e fizeram um festival|date=15 August 2023|website=SIC Notícias|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> ''[[Festival Vilar de Mouros]]'' near [[Caminha]], ''[[Boom Festival]]'' in [[Idanha-a-Nova|Idanha-a-Nova municipality]], ''[[NOS Alive]]'', ''Sumol Summer Fest'' in [[Ericeira]], ''[[Rock in Rio#Lisboa, Portugal, and Madrid, Spain|Rock in Rio Lisboa]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/06/23/culturaipsilon/noticia/rock-in-rio-lisboa-regressa-parque-tejo-2026-2095016|title=Rock in Rio Lisboa regressa ao Parque Tejo em 2026|date=23 June 2024|website=Público|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> and ''[[Super Bock Super Rock]]'' in [[Grande Lisboa|Greater Lisbon]], plus [[:pt:Primavera Sound (Portugal)|''Primavera Sound Porto'']] and [[:pt:MEO Marés Vivas|''MEO Marés Vivas'']] in the [[Grande Porto|Greater Porto area]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://expresso.pt/blitz/2025-01-06-todos-os-concertos-marcados-para-2025-em-portugal-53436cea|title=Todos os concertos marcados para 2025 em Portugal|date=6 January 2025|website=Expresso Blitz|access-date=6 January 2025}}</ref>
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The student festivals of ''[[Queima das Fitas]],'' which are major events in a number of cities across Portugal, show every year a selection of well-established, high-profile musicians and bands to the public as well as newer, on the rise, upcoming success artists seeking definite recognition.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Queima das Fitas: A Festa dos Universitários em Portugal |url=https://atlanticbridge.com.br/artigos/queima-das-fitas |access-date=25 May 2023 |website=Atlantic Bridge |language=en |archive-date=25 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525234154/https://atlanticbridge.com.br/artigos/queima-das-fitas |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2005, Portugal held the [[MTV Europe Music Awards]], in [[Pavilhão Atlântico]], [[Lisbon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0495859/|title=MTV Europe Music Awards Lisboa 2005|website=imdb.com|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> Furthermore, Portugal won the [[Eurovision Song Contest 2017]] in [[Kyiv]] with the song "[[Amar pelos dois]]" presented by [[Salvador Sobral]], and subsequently hosted the [[Eurovision Song Contest 2018|2018 contest]].<ref>{{cite web |date=14 May 2017 |title=Portugal Wins the 2017 Eurovision Song Contest! |url=https://eurovision.tv/story/portugal-salvador-sobral-winner-eurovision-2017 |access-date=2 August 2017 |publisher=Eurovision Song Contest |archive-date=14 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014103948/https://eurovision.tv/story/portugal-salvador-sobral-winner-eurovision-2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 July 2017 |title=Lisbon revealed as Host City of the 2018 Eurovision Song Contest! |url=https://eurovision.tv/story/eurovision-2018-dates-and-host-city-confirmed |access-date=20 April 2021 |publisher=Eurovision Song Contest |archive-date=4 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804042227/https://eurovision.tv/story/eurovision-2018-dates-and-host-city-confirmed |url-status=live }}</ref>

Portuguese classical music constitutes an important chapter of Western music.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.infopedia.pt/artigos/$musica-classica-portuguesa-(sec.-xviii)|title=Música Clássica Portuguesa (séc. XVIII)|website=Infopédia|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> Over the centuries, names of composers and performers have stood out, such as the troubadours [[Martim Codax]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.infopedia.pt/artigos/$martin-codax|title=Martin Codax|website=Infopédia|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> and [[Denis of Portugal|King Denis I]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/dom-dinis/|title=Dom Dinis |website=RTP|date=24 October 2008|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> the polyphonists [[Duarte Lobo]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kennedy-center.org/artists/l/lo-lz/duarte-lobo/|title=Duarte Lobo |website=[[John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts|The Kennedy Center]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Filipe de Magalhães]], [[Manuel Cardoso (composer)|Manuel Cardoso]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mpmp.pt/manuel-cardoso|title=Manuel Cardoso|website=MPMP Património Musical Vivo|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> and [[Pedro de Cristo]], the organist [[Manuel Rodrigues Coelho]], the composer and harpsichordist [[Carlos Seixas]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/carlos-de-seixas/|title=Carlos de Seixas|date=14 August 1991|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> the singer [[Luísa Todi]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/luisa-todi/|title=Luísa Todi|date=3 September 1991|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> symphonist and pianist [[João Domingos Bomtempo]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/domingos-bomtempo/|title=Domingos Bomtempo|date=30 November 1986|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> or composer and musicologist [[Fernando Lopes Graça]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ensina.rtp.pt/artigo/no-som-de-fernando-lopes-graca/|title=No som de Fernando Lopes-Graça|date=2006|website=RTP Ensina|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> The golden period of Portuguese music coincided, arguably, with the heyday of classical polyphony in the 17th century (Escola de [[Évora]], [[Santa Cruz de Coimbra]]). Among the great current references, the names of pianists [[Artur Pizarro]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulbenkian.pt/musica/biography/artur-pizarro/|title=Artur Pizarro|website=[[Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> [[Maria João Pires]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/09/10/culturaipsilon/noticia/pianista-maria-joao-pires-distinguida-praemium-imperiale-japao-2103581|title=Pianista Maria João Pires distinguida com Praemium Imperiale do Japão|date=10 September 2024|website=Público|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> and [[Sequeira Costa]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulbenkian.pt/musica/noticias/sequeira-costa/|title=Sequeira Costa (1929-2019) |website=[[Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation]]|date=22 February 2019|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> violinist [[Carlos Damas]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cesem.fcsh.unl.pt/pessoa/carlos-alexandre-mourao-de-carvalho-e-damas/|title=Carlos Alexandre Mourão de Carvalho e Damas|website=CESEM|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> composer [[Emmanuel Nunes]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/emanuel-nunes-no-principio-era-o-som/|title=Emanuel Nunes – No Princípio Era o Som…|date=5 January 1994|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> composer and conductor [[Álvaro Cassuto]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/alvaro-cassuto/|title=Álvaro Cassuto|date=28 February 2006|website=RTP|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> stand out. The most important symphony orchestras are the [[Fundação Gulbenkian]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulbenkian.pt/musica/coro-e-orquestra/orquestra-gulbenkian/|title=Orquestra Gulbenkian|website=[[Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> the Porto National Orchestra and the Portuguese Symphony Orchestra.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.orquestrasinfonicaportuguesa.pt/en/|title=Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa|website=[[Teatro Nacional de São Carlos]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref> When it comes to opera, the Teatro Nacional de São Carlos in Lisbon is the most representative.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.saocarlos.pt/sobre/|title=TNSC Sobre|website=[[Teatro Nacional de São Carlos]]|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

=== Sport ===
{{Main|Sport in Portugal}}
[[File:Cristiano Ronaldo Portugal.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Cristiano Ronaldo]] is considered one of the greatest football players of all time]]

[[Association football|Football]] is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. All-time greats [[Eusébio]], [[Luís Figo|Figo]] and [[Cristiano Ronaldo]] are major symbols of [[Portuguese football]] history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eusébio, Figo e CR7 na história da Bola de Ouro - Internacional - Jornal Record |url=https://www.record.pt/internacional/detalhe/eusebio-figo-e-cr7-na-historia-da-bola-de-ouro-734571 |access-date=8 March 2024 |website=Record}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2020 |title=Encontrar a melhor equipa de todos os tempos. Ronaldo, Figo e Eusébio nomeados |url=https://sicnoticias.pt/desporto/2020-10-19-Encontrar-a-melhor-equipa-de-todos-os-tempos.Ronaldo-Figo-e-Eusebio-nomeados |access-date=8 March 2024 |website=SIC Notícias |language=pt}}</ref> Portuguese football managers are also noteworthy, with [[José Mourinho]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=IFFHS |url=https://iffhs.com/posts/964 |access-date=10 April 2023 |website=iffhs.com |archive-date=2 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202203954/https://iffhs.com/posts/964 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=SIC International Distribution JOSÉ MOURINHO - THE BEST COACH IN THE WORLD |url=https://internationaldistribution.sic.pt/catalogue/lifestyle/2017-02-23-JOSE-MOURINHO---THE-BEST-COACH-IN-THE-WORLD |access-date=7 December 2023 |website=SIC International Distribution |language=pt-PT |archive-date=7 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180717/https://internationaldistribution.sic.pt/catalogue/lifestyle/2017-02-23-JOSE-MOURINHO---THE-BEST-COACH-IN-THE-WORLD |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Abel Ferreira]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abel vence Campeonato Paulista e é o treinador estrangeiro com mais títulos do Brasil |url=https://www.dn.pt/desporto/abel-vence-campeonato-paulista-e-e-o-treinador-estrangeiro-com-mais-titulos-do-brasil-16149727.html |access-date=10 April 2023 |website=dn.pt |date=9 April 2023 |language=pt-PT |archive-date=10 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410135028/https://www.dn.pt/desporto/abel-vence-campeonato-paulista-e-e-o-treinador-estrangeiro-com-mais-titulos-do-brasil-16149727.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Abel para a eternidade: Palmeiras revalida título do Brasileirão e português consolida estatuto lendário |url=https://tribuna.expresso.pt/futebol-internacional/2023-12-07-Abel-para-a-eternidade-Palmeiras-revalida-titulo-do-Brasileirao-e-portugues-consolida-estatuto-lendario-f3afeeed |access-date=7 December 2023 |website=Tribuna Expresso |date=7 December 2023 |language=pt-PT |archive-date=7 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207180709/https://tribuna.expresso.pt/futebol-internacional/2023-12-07-Abel-para-a-eternidade-Palmeiras-revalida-titulo-do-Brasileirao-e-portugues-consolida-estatuto-lendario-f3afeeed |url-status=live }}</ref> among the most renowned.

The [[Portugal national football team]] has won one [[UEFA European Championship]] title: the [[UEFA Euro 2016]], with a 1–0 victory in the [[UEFA Euro 2016 Final|final]] over [[France national football team|France]], the tournament hosts. In addition, Portugal finished first in the [[2018–19 UEFA Nations League]], second in the [[2004 European Football Championship|Euro 2004]], third in the [[1966 FIFA World Cup]] and fourth in the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]]. At youth level, Portugal have won two [[FIFA World Youth Championship]]s.

[[S.L. Benfica]], [[Sporting CP]] and [[FC Porto]] are the largest [[sports clubs]] by popularity and number of trophies, often known as "''os três grandes''" ([[Big Three (Portugal)|"the big three"]]). They have won eight titles in the European [[UEFA]] club competitions and present in 21 finals. The [[Portuguese Football Federation]] (FPF) – ''Federação Portuguesa de Futebol''&nbsp;– annually hosts the [[Algarve Cup]], a [[Women's association football|women's football]] tournament.

Other than football, many Portuguese sports clubs, including the "big three", compete in other sports events with a varying level of success and popularity, these include [[roller hockey (quad)|roller hockey]], [[basketball]], [[futsal]], [[Team handball|handball]], [[volleyball]] and [[Sport of athletics|athletics]]. The [[Portugal national rugby union team|Portuguese national rugby union team]] qualified for the [[2027 Rugby World Cup]] and the [[Portugal national rugby sevens team|Portuguese national rugby sevens team]] has played in the [[World Rugby Sevens Series]].

[[Road bicycle racing|Road cycling]], with [[Volta a Portugal]] the most important race, is a popular sports event and includes professional cycling teams such as [[Sporting CP]], [[Boavista (cycling team)|Boavista]], [[Clube de Ciclismo de Tavira]] and [[União Ciclista da Maia]]. In motorsport, Portugal is noted for the [[Rally of Portugal]], and the [[Estoril Circuit|Estoril]] and [[Algarve Circuit]]s as well as the revived [[Porto Street Circuit]] which holds a stage of the WTCC every two years, as well as for a number of internationally noted racers such as [[Miguel Oliveira]], [[Tiago Monteiro]], [[António Félix da Costa]], [[Filipe Albuquerque]], [[Pedro Lamy]], [[Armindo Araújo]] and others in a range of varied [[motorsports]].

In water, Portugal has three major sports: [[swimming (sport)|swimming]], [[water polo]] and [[surfing]]. Portugal had success in [[canoeing]] with several world and European champions, such as olympic medalist [[Fernando Pimenta]]. Annually, the country hosts one of the stages of the [[World Surf League]] men's and women's ''Championship Tour'', the [[MEO Rip Curl Pro Portugal]] at the [[Supertubos]] in [[Peniche, Portugal|Peniche]]. Northern Portugal has its own original [[martial art]], ''[[Jogo do Pau]]'', in which fighters use staffs to confront one or several opponents. Other popular sport-related recreational outdoor activities include [[airsoft]], fishing, [[golf]], hiking, hunting and [[orienteering]]. Portugal is one of the world's leading [[golf]] destinations.<ref>{{cite web |title=Why Portugal is still Europe's #1 golf destination |url=http://www.globalgolfermag.com/matthewmooreblogspot/why-portugal-is-still-europes-1-golf-destination/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211082330/http://www.globalgolfermag.com/matthewmooreblogspot/why-portugal-is-still-europes-1-golf-destination/ |archive-date=11 February 2017 |access-date=2 August 2017 |website=Globalgolfermag.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 December 2016 |title=World Golf Awards 2016: Portugal Voted the Best Golf Destination in the World |url=http://tripwix.com/2016/12/world-golf-awards-2016-portugal-voted-the-best-golf-destination-in-the-world/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803011446/https://tripwix.com/2016/12/world-golf-awards-2016-portugal-voted-the-best-golf-destination-in-the-world/ |archive-date=3 August 2017 |access-date=2 August 2017 |website=Tripwix.com}}</ref>