Editing Maryland (section)

==Education==
===Primary and secondary education===
{{See also|List of school districts in Maryland|List of high schools in Maryland|Arts and culture of Maryland}}
[[File:Memorial Chapel at UMCP, front view off-center, August 21, 2006.jpg|thumb|Memorial Chapel at the [[University of Maryland, College Park|University of Maryland]], Maryland's flagship university]]
[[File:UMBC Commons and Quad.jpg|thumb|[[University of Maryland, Baltimore County]]]]
''Education Week'' ranked Maryland #1 in its nationwide 2009–2013 Quality Counts reports.<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://epe.brightspotcdn.com/8b/1f/c6947656463c895d5a67a45b83ca/16shr.md.h32.pdf#page=4 |year=2013 |journal=Education Week |title=Quality Counts – Maryland – State Highlights 2013 |page=4 |access-date=September 15, 2023 |archive-date=December 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225061056/https://epe.brightspotcdn.com/8b/1f/c6947656463c895d5a67a45b83ca/16shr.md.h32.pdf#page=4 |url-status=live }}</ref> Primary and secondary education in Maryland is overseen by the [[Maryland State Department of Education]], which is headquartered in [[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]].<ref>{{usurped|1=[http://www.marylandpublicschools.org/MSDE/aboutmsde/department_info.htm "About MSDE"]}}. ''[[Maryland State Department of Education]]''. Retrieved on March 22, 2009.</ref> The highest educational official in the state is the [[Superintendent (education)|State Superintendent of Schools]], who is appointed by the [[Board of education|State Board of Education]] to a four-year term of office. The Maryland General Assembly has given the Superintendent and State Board autonomy to make educationally related decisions, limiting its influence on the day-to-day functions of public education. Each county and county-equivalent in Maryland has a [[List of school districts in Maryland|local Board of Education]] charged with running the public schools in that particular jurisdiction.

The budget for education was $5.5{{spaces}}billion in 2009, representing about 40 percent of the state's general fund.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gazette.net/stories/10302009/poliedi181547_32521.shtml |title=Slicing education? |access-date=November 12, 2009 |date=October 30, 2009 |website=gazette.net |publisher=The Gazette |page=A-9 |quote=As it stands, the $5.5 billion Maryland spends on education makes up about 40 percent of the general fund budget. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904001117/http://www.gazette.net/stories/10302009/poliedi181547_32521.shtml |archive-date=September 4, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Data from the 2017 census shows that, among large school districts, four Maryland districts are in the top six for per-pupil annual spending, exceeded only by the Boston and New York City districts.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/2019/comm/largest-school-districts.html|title=Top 10 Largest School Districts by Enrollment and Per Pupil Current Spending|date=January 31, 2022|website=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 31, 2022|archive-date=January 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127021133/https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/2019/comm/largest-school-districts.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Maryland has a broad range of private primary and secondary schools. Many of these are affiliated with various religious sects, including [[parochial schools]] of the [[Catholic Church]], [[Quaker]] schools, [[Seventh-day Adventist Church|Seventh-day Adventist]] schools, and [[Judaism|Jewish]] schools. In 2003, Maryland law was changed to allow for the creation of publicly funded charter schools, although the charter schools must be approved by their local Board of Education and are not exempt from state laws on education, including collective bargaining laws.

In 2008, the state led the entire country in the percentage of students passing [[Advanced Placement]] examinations. 23.4 percent of students earned passing grades on the AP tests given in May 2008. This marks the first year that Maryland earned this honor.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/04/AR2009020401459.html|title=Md. Leads U.S. in Passing Rates on AP Exams|last=de Vise|first=Daniel|date=February 5, 2009|newspaper=Washington Post|pages=B1|access-date=February 18, 2009|archive-date=November 13, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113095209/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/04/AR2009020401459.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Three Maryland high schools (in Montgomery County) were ranked among the top 100 in the country by US News in 2009, based in large part on AP test scores.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usnews.com/articles/education/high-schools/2008/12/04/best-high-schools-gold-medal-list.html?PageNr=1 |title=Best High Schools: Gold Medal List |website=usnews.com |publisher=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |access-date=November 7, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506130950/http://www.usnews.com/articles/education/high-schools/2008/12/04/best-high-schools-gold-medal-list.html?PageNr=1 |archive-date=May 6, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Colleges and universities===

{{See also|List of colleges and universities in Maryland}}

Maryland has several historic and renowned private colleges and universities, the most prominent of which is [[Johns Hopkins University]], founded in 1876 with a grant from Baltimore entrepreneur [[Johns Hopkins]].

The first public university in the state is the [[University of Maryland, Baltimore]], which was founded in 1807 and contains the University of Maryland's only public academic [[University of Maryland School of Medicine|health]], human services, and one of two [[University of Maryland School of Law|law centers]] (the other being the [[University of Baltimore School of Law]]). Seven professional and graduate schools train the majority of the state's physicians, nurses, dentists, lawyers, social workers, and pharmacists.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.umaryland.edu/about-umb/umb-fast-facts/ |publisher=University of Maryland, Baltimore |title=UMB Fast Facts |access-date=May 21, 2017 |archive-date=May 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525202958/http://www.umaryland.edu/about-umb/umb-fast-facts/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The flagship university and largest undergraduate institution in Maryland is the [[University of Maryland, College Park]] which was founded as the Maryland Agricultural College in 1856 and became a public [[land grant college]] in 1864. [[Towson University]], founded in 1866, is the state's second largest university.

In 1974, Maryland, along with seven other states, mainly in the South, submitted plans to desegregate its state universities; Maryland's plans were approved by the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.<ref>[https://www.jbhe.com/chronology/ "JBHE Chronology of Major Landmarks in the Progress of African Americans in Higher Education"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401010424/https://www.jbhe.com/chronology/ |date=April 1, 2019 }}, JBHE.</ref>

Baltimore is home to the [[University of Maryland, Baltimore County]] and the [[Maryland Institute College of Art]]. The majority of public universities in the state (Bowie State University, Coppin State University, Frostburg State University, Salisbury University and the University of Maryland-Eastern Shore) are affiliated with the [[University System of Maryland]]. Two state-funded institutions, [[Morgan State University]] and [[St. Mary's College of Maryland]], as well as two federally funded institutions, the [[Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences]] and the [[United States Naval Academy]], are not affiliated with the University System of Maryland. The [[University of Maryland Global Campus]] is the largest public university in Maryland<ref>{{Cite web|title=Education Viewpoint: This pandemic puts online education in the spotlight|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/baltimore/news/2020/04/08/viewpoint-this-pandemic-puts-online-education-in.html|last=Miyares|first=Javier|date=April 8, 2020|website=Baltimore Business Journal|access-date=May 16, 2020|archive-date=February 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220153957/https://www.bizjournals.com/baltimore/news/2020/04/08/viewpoint-this-pandemic-puts-online-education-in.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and one of the largest distance-learning institutions in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Coronavirus accelerates higher education's trend toward distance learning|url=https://hechingerreport.org/coronavirus-accelerates-higher-educations-trend-toward-distance-learning/|last=D'Amato|first=Pete|date=May 1, 2020|website=The Hechinger Report|access-date=May 16, 2020|archive-date=May 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516215547/https://hechingerreport.org/coronavirus-accelerates-higher-educations-trend-toward-distance-learning/|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[St. John's College (Annapolis/Santa Fe)|St. John's College]] in [[Annapolis, Maryland|Annapolis]] and [[Washington College]] in [[Chestertown, Maryland|Chestertown]], both private institutions, are the oldest colleges in the state and among the oldest in the country. Other private institutions include [[Mount St. Mary's University]], [[McDaniel College]] (formerly known as Western Maryland College), [[Hood College]], [[Stevenson University]] (formerly known as Villa Julie College), [[Loyola University Maryland]], and [[Goucher College]], among others.

===Public libraries===

Maryland's 24 public library systems deliver public education for everyone in the state of Maryland through a curriculum that comprises three pillars: Self-Directed Education (books and materials in all formats, e-resources), Research Assistance & Instruction (individualized research assistance, classes for students of all ages), and Instructive & Enlightening Experiences (e.g., Summer Reading Clubs, author events).

Maryland's library systems include, in part:
* [[Anne Arundel County Public Library]]
* [[Baltimore County Public Library]]
* [[Cecil County Public Library]]
* [[Enoch Pratt Free Library]]
* Frederick County Public Library
* [[Harford County Public Library]]
* [[Howard County Public Library]]
* [[Montgomery County Public Libraries]]
* [[Prince George's County Memorial Library System]]
* St. Mary's County Public Library<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cosmos.somd.lib.md.us/|title=Home|access-date=November 14, 2016|archive-date=November 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115131855/https://cosmos.somd.lib.md.us/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Many of the library systems have established formalized partnerships with other educational institutions in their counties and regions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imls.gov/grants/grants-state/state-profiles/maryland|title=Institute of Museum and Library Services—Maryland State Profile|website=IMLS|access-date=February 26, 2019|archive-date=February 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227060812/https://www.imls.gov/grants/grants-state/state-profiles/maryland|url-status=live}}</ref>