Editing Manhattan (section)

==Infrastructure==

===Transportation===
{{See also|Transportation in New York City}}
{{overly detailed|section|date=August 2023}}
====Public transportation====
[[File:Grand Central Station Main Concourse Jan 2006.jpg|thumb|[[Grand Central Terminal]], a [[National Historic Landmark]]]]
[[File:NYC Downtown Manhattan Skyline seen from Paulus Hook 2019-12-20 IMG 7347 FRD.jpg|thumb|Ferries departing [[Battery Park City Ferry Terminal]] and helicopters flying above Manhattan]]
[[File:Staten Island Ferry-Battery Park-2012.jpg|thumb|The [[Staten Island Ferry]], seen from [[the Battery (Manhattan)|the Battery]], crosses [[Upper New York Bay]], providing free public transportation between [[Staten Island]] and Manhattan.]]
Manhattan is unique in the U.S. for intense use of [[public transport]]ation and lack of private car ownership. While 88% of Americans nationwide drive to their jobs, with only 5% using public transport, [[mass transit]] is the dominant form of travel for residents of Manhattan, with 72% of borough residents using public transport to get to work, while only 18% drove.<ref>[http://www.bts.gov/publications/highlights_of_the_2001_national_household_travel_survey/html/executive_summary.html Highlights of the 2001 National Household Travel Survey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061002070118/http://www.bts.gov/publications/highlights_of_the_2001_national_household_travel_survey/html/executive_summary.html |date=October 2, 2006 }}, [[Bureau of Transportation Statistics]], [[United States Department of Transportation]]. Accessed May 21, 2006.</ref><ref>[http://home2.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/transportation/td_fullpedlosb.pdf "New York City Pedestrian Level of Service Study&nbsp;– Phase I, 2006"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070615164222/http://home2.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/transportation/td_fullpedlosb.pdf |date=June 15, 2007 }}, [[New York City Department of City Planning]], April 2006, p. 4. Accessed May 17, 2007. "In the year 2000, 88% of workers over 16 years old in the U.S. used a car, truck or van to commute to work, while approximately 5% used public transportation and 3% walked to work.... In Manhattan, the borough with the highest population density (66,940 people/sq mi. in year 2000; 1,564,798 inhabitants) and concentration of business and tourist destinations, only 18% of the working population drove to work in 2000, while 72% used public transportation and 8% walked."</ref> According to the 2000 United States Census, 77.5% of Manhattan households do not own a car.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tstc.org/reports/cpsheets/Manhattan_factsheet.pdf |title=Manhattan |publisher=TSTC.org |access-date=September 13, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723211344/http://www.tstc.org/reports/cpsheets/Manhattan_factsheet.pdf |archive-date=July 23, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Congestion pricing was [[Congestion pricing in New York City|implemented in New York City]] in January 2025 and apply to most motor vehicular traffic using the [[central business district]] area of Manhattan south of [[60th Street (Manhattan)|60th Street]], in an effort to encourage commuters to use mass transit instead.<ref name=ManhattanCongestionPricing>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/04/nyregion/congestion-pricing-nyc.html|title=Welcome to the Congestion Zone: New York Toll Program Is Set to Begin|author=Winnie Hu and Ana Ley|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=January 4, 2025|access-date=January 4, 2025}}</ref>

The [[New York City Subway]], the largest [[Rapid transit|subway]] system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are [[List of New York City Subway stations in Manhattan|151 subway stations in Manhattan]], out of the {{NYCS const|number|total}} stations.<ref>{{NYCS const|map}}</ref> A second subway, the [[PATH (rail system)|PATH]] system, connects [[List of PATH stations|six stations in Manhattan]] to northern [[New Jersey]]. Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride [[MetroCard]]s, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm|title=Fares & MetroCard|work=NYC Subway System|access-date=September 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915224327/http://web.mta.info/metrocard/mcgtreng.htm|archive-date=September 15, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.panynj.gov/path/fares.html|title=PATH Fares|publisher=[[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]]|access-date=March 6, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090711125203/http://www.panynj.gov/path/fares.html|archive-date=July 11, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> [[regional rail|Commuter rail]] services operating to and from Manhattan are the [[Long Island Rail Road]] (LIRR), which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to [[Long Island]]; the [[Metro-North Railroad]], which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut; and [[NJ Transit]] trains, which run to various points in New Jersey.

The US$11.1&nbsp;billion [[East Side Access]] project, which brings LIRR trains to [[Grand Central Terminal]], opened in 2023; this project utilized a pre-existing train tunnel beneath the [[East River]], connecting the [[East Side (Manhattan)|East Side]] of Manhattan with [[Long Island City, Queens]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Siff | first=Andrew | title=MTA Megaproject to Cost Almost $1B More Than Prior Estimate | website=NBC New York | date=April 16, 2018 | url=http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/East-Side-Access-MTA-Project-Cost-Infrastructure-479628223.html | access-date=April 16, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417024310/https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/East-Side-Access-MTA-Project-Cost-Infrastructure-479628223.html | archive-date=April 17, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Castillo | first=Alfonso A. | title=East Side Access price tag now stands at $11.2B | website=Newsday | date=April 15, 2018 | url=https://www.newsday.com/long-island/east-side-access-tour-1.18020231 | access-date=April 16, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415065109/https://www.newsday.com/long-island/east-side-access-tour-1.18020231 | archive-date=April 15, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref> Four multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s: the $1.4&nbsp;billion [[Fulton Center]] in November 2014,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Yee|first1=Vivian|title=Out of Dust and Debris, a New Jewel Rises|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/10/nyregion/fulton-center-a-subway-complex-reopens-in-lower-manhattan.html |access-date=February 16, 2015|work=The New York Times|date=November 9, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424045156/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/10/nyregion/fulton-center-a-subway-complex-reopens-in-lower-manhattan.html |archive-date=April 24, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> the $2.4&nbsp;billion [[7 Subway Extension]] in September 2015,<ref>{{cite news |last=Fitzsimmons |first=Emma G. |title=Subway Station for 7 Line Opens on Far West Side |website=The New York Times |date=September 10, 2015 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/14/nyregion/no-7-subway-station-far-west-side-manhattan.html |access-date=September 13, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914231924/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/14/nyregion/no-7-subway-station-far-west-side-manhattan.html |archive-date=September 14, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> the $4&nbsp;billion [[World Trade Center Transportation Hub]] in March 2016,<ref>{{cite web | last=Lorenzetti | first=Laura | title=The World's Most Expensive Train Station Opens Today | website=Fortune | date=March 3, 2016 | url=http://fortune.com/2016/03/03/most-expensive-train-station/ | access-date=December 20, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160925073559/http://fortune.com/2016/03/03/most-expensive-train-station/ | archive-date=September 25, 2016 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Verrill | first=Courtney | title=New York City's $4 billion World Trade Center Transportation Hub is finally open to the public | website=Business Insider | date=March 4, 2016 | url=http://www.businessinsider.com/the-new-world-center-transportation-hub-2016-3 | access-date=December 20, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221180813/http://www.businessinsider.com/the-new-world-center-transportation-hub-2016-3 | archive-date=February 21, 2017 | url-status=live }}</ref> and Phase 1 of the $4.5&nbsp;billion [[Second Avenue Subway]] in January 2017.<ref>{{cite web | last=McCowan | first=Candace | title=Decades in the making, Second Avenue Subway set to open to the public | website=ABC7 New York | date=December 31, 2016 | url=http://abc7ny.com/news/decades-in-the-making-second-avenue-subway-set-to-open-to-the-public/1680811/ | access-date=January 1, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428024658/https://abc7ny.com/news/decades-in-the-making-second-avenue-subway-set-to-open-to-the-public/1680811/ | archive-date=April 28, 2019 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last1=Fitzsimmons | first1=Emma G. | last2=Wolfe | first2=Jonathan | title=Second Avenue Subway Opening: What to Know | website=The New York Times | date=January 1, 2017 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/01/nyregion/second-avenue-subway-opening-upper-east-side-manhattan.html | access-date=January 1, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101195614/http://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/01/nyregion/second-avenue-subway-opening-upper-east-side-manhattan.html | archive-date=January 1, 2017 | url-status=live }}</ref>

[[New York City Transit Authority|MTA New York City Transit]] offers a wide variety of local buses within Manhattan under the brand [[New York City Bus]]. An extensive network of express bus routes serves commuters and other travelers heading into Manhattan.<ref>{{Cite NYC bus map|M}}</ref> The bus system served 784&nbsp;million passengers citywide in 2011, placing the bus system's ridership as the highest in the nation, and more than double the ridership of the second-place Los Angeles system.<ref>[http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ffbus.htm Bus Facts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200121152245/http://web.mta.info/nyct/facts/ffbus.htm |date=January 21, 2020 }}, [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]]. Accessed July 15, 2016.</ref>

The [[Roosevelt Island Tramway]], one of two commuter [[aerial tramway|cable car]] systems in North America, takes commuters between [[Roosevelt Island]] and Manhattan Island in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978.<ref>Lee, Jennifer 8. [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/19/nyregion/19roosevelt.html "Midair Rescue Lifts Passengers From Stranded East River Tram"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102013419/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/19/nyregion/19roosevelt.html |date=January 2, 2016 }}, ''The New York Times'', April 19, 2006. Accessed February 28, 2008. "The system, which calls itself the only aerial commuter tram in the country, has been featured in movies including ''City Slickers'', starring Billy Crystal; ''Nighthawks'', with Sylvester Stallone; and ''Spider-Man'' in 2002."</ref><ref>[http://www.rioc.com/thetram.htm The Roosevelt Island Tram], [[Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation]]. Accessed April 30, 2007. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928212116/http://www.rioc.com/thetram.htm |date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref>

The [[Staten Island Ferry]], which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21&nbsp;million passengers on the {{convert|5.2|mi|km|adj=on}} run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips.<ref>[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/ferrybus/statfery.shtml#facts Facts About the Ferry] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225165310/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/ferrybus/statfery.shtml#facts |date=December 25, 2019 }}, [[New York City Department of Transportation]]. Accessed August 28, 2012. "On a typical weekday, five boats make 109 trips, carrying approximately 65,000 passengers. During rush hours, the ferry runs on a four-boat schedule, with 15 minutes between departures."</ref><ref>[http://www.nyccouncil.info/pdf_files/reports/siferry.pdf An Assessment of Staten Island Ferry Service and Recommendations for Improvement] (PDF), [[New York City Council]], November 2004. Accessed April 28, 2007. "Of the current fleet of seven vessels, five boats make 104 trips on a typical weekday schedule". {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821172158/http://www.nyccouncil.info/pdf_files/reports/siferry.pdf |date=August 21, 2013 }}</ref> The ferry has been fare-free since 1997.<ref>Holloway, Lynette. [https://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/29/nyregion/mayor-to-end-50-cent-fare-on-si-ferry.html "Mayor to End 50-Cent Fare On S.I. Ferry"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030183209/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/29/nyregion/mayor-to-end-50-cent-fare-on-si-ferry.html |date=October 30, 2019 }}, ''The New York Times'', April 29, 1997. Accessed June 30, 2009. "Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani said yesterday that he would eliminate the 50-cent fare on the Staten Island Ferry starting July 4, saying people who live outside Manhattan should not have to pay extra to travel."</ref> In February 2015, Mayor [[Bill de Blasio]] announced that the city government would begin [[NYC Ferry]] to extend ferry transportation to traditionally underserved communities in the city.<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/16/nyregion/new-york-city-ferry-service.html|title=De Blasio's $325 Million Ferry Push: Rides to 5 Boroughs, at Subway Price|last=Mcgeehan|first=Patrick|date=June 15, 2016|access-date=June 28, 2016|issn=0362-4331|newspaper=The New York Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622004714/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/16/nyregion/new-york-city-ferry-service.html|archive-date=June 22, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="nbcny-hornblower">{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/New-York-City-Citywide-Ferry-Service-Hornblower-2017-372257472.html|title=New York City's Ferry Service Set to Launch in 2017|work=NBC New York|date=March 16, 2016 |access-date=May 9, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510015020/http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/New-York-City-Citywide-Ferry-Service-Hornblower-2017-372257472.html|archive-date=May 10, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> The first routes of NYC Ferry opened in 2017.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/newswires/new-york/nyc-launches-ferry-service-queens-east-river-routes-article-1.3122046|title=NYC launches ferry service with Queens, East River routes|date=May 1, 2017|website=NY Daily News|agency=Associated Press|access-date=May 1, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501154444/http://www.nydailynews.com/newswires/new-york/nyc-launches-ferry-service-queens-east-river-routes-article-1.3122046|archive-date=May 1, 2017}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/01/nyregion/new-york-today-citywide-ferry-service-begins.html|title=New York Today: Our City's New Ferry|last1=Levine|first1=Alexandra S.|date=May 1, 2017|work=The New York Times|access-date=May 1, 2017|last2=Wolfe|first2=Jonathan|issn=0362-4331|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501105006/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/01/nyregion/new-york-today-citywide-ferry-service-begins.html|archive-date=May 1, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> All of the system's routes have termini in Manhattan, and the Lower East Side and Soundview routes also have intermediate stops on the East River.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ferry.nyc/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Map.pdf|title=Route Map|date=2017|publisher=NYC Ferry|access-date=July 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628005559/https://www.ferry.nyc/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Map.pdf|archive-date=June 28, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Port-authority-terminal.jpg|thumb|The [[Port Authority Bus Terminal]], at [[Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)|Eighth Avenue]] and [[42nd Street (Manhattan)|42nd Street]], is the world's busiest bus station.<ref name=Record2021/><ref name=PABT2008/>]]
The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at [[New York Penn Station]] and [[Grand Central Terminal]], on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs.<ref>[http://web.mta.info/mta/network.htm The MTA Network] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603102032/http://web.mta.info/mta/network.htm |date=June 3, 2019 }}, [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]]. Accessed November 20, 2016.</ref> [[Amtrak]] provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to [[Boston]], [[Philadelphia]], [[Baltimore]], and Washington, D.C.; [[Upstate New York]] and [[New England]]; cross-Canadian border service to [[Toronto]] and [[Montreal]]; and destinations in the [[Southern United States|Southern]] and [[Midwestern United States]].

The [[Port Authority Bus Terminal]] is the city's main [[intercity bus]] terminal and the world's busiest bus station. It serves 250,000 passengers on 7,000 buses each workday in a 1950 building designed to accommodate 60,000 daily passengers. A 2021 plan announced by the Port Authority would spend $10 billion to expand capacity and modernize the facility.<ref name=PABT2008>[https://www.panynj.gov/port-authority/en/press-room/press-release-archives/2008_press_releases/architect_chosenforplannedofficetoweraboveportauthoritybustermin.html Architect Chosen for Planned Office Tower Above Port Authority Bus Terminal's North Wing], [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]], dated November 17, 2008. Accessed January 4, 2024. "The Port Authority Bus Terminal opened in 1950 and has become the busiest bus passenger facility in the world, handling 7,000 buses and 200,000 commuters each day. It includes 223 bus gates, retail and commercial space, and public parking for 1,250 vehicles."</ref><ref name=NYT2021>McGeehan, Patrick; and Hu, Winnie. [https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/21/nyregion/port-authority-bus-terminal.html "'Notorious' Port Authority Bus Terminal May Get a $10 Billion Overhaul"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', January 21, 2021, updated September 23, 2021. Accessed January 4, 2024. "The bus terminal plan, which has been in the works for more than seven contentious years, would cost as much as $10 billion and could take a decade to complete.... More than 250,000 people passed through it on a typical weekday before the pandemic, according to the Port Authority.... The bus terminal, a brick hulk perched at the mouth of the Lincoln Tunnel, has long exceeded its capacity — when it opened in late 1950, it was expected to handle 60,000 passengers a day."</ref><ref name=Record2021>Wilson, Colleen. [https://www.northjersey.com/in-depth/news/transportation/2021/06/30/port-authority-bus-terminal-replacement-meet-commuter-needs/7685645002/ "Port Authority Bus Terminal was once a marvel. Will the next one meet commuters' needs?"], ''[[The Record (North Jersey)|The Record]]'', June 30, 2021. Accessed January 4, 2024. "Becoming the busiest bus terminal in the world doesn't happen without also bearing the brunt of blame every time a commute goes horribly wrong — deserved or otherwise.... The popularity of bus commuting over the Hudson River has steadily risen over the last seven decades, with some 260,000 people a day coming through the terminal pre-pandemic.... A more efficient terminal should improve some of the delays through the Lincoln Tunnel and exclusive bus lane (XBL), the dedicated lane in the morning that converges all buses into a single lane from I-495 into the Lincoln Tunnel from New Jersey."</ref> In 2024, the Port Authority announced plans for a new terminal that would be completed by 2032 and include a pair of office buildings to defray the costs of the project.<ref>McGeehan, Patrick. [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/01/nyregion/port-authority-bus-terminal-replacement.html "A Look at the $10 Billion Design for a New Port Authority Bus Terminal The Port Authority unveiled a revised design for a replacement of the much-reviled transit hub, which opened in 1950."], ''[[The New York Times]]'', February 1, 2024. Accessed February 9, 2024. "Instead of the dismal, brick hulk that has darkened two full blocks of Midtown Manhattan for more than 70 years, there would be a bright, modern transit hub topped by two office towers.... Construction is expected to take eight years, he said, meaning the project could be completed by 2032.... The revised plan eliminates those structures but includes a pair of office towers that could be more than 60 stories tall on Eighth Avenue at the corners of 40th and 42nd Streets. Payments from the developers of those buildings would help cover the cost of the project, Mr. Cotton said."</ref>

====Major highways====
[[File:2024-05-30 13 23 32 View south along Interstate 95 and U.S. Route 1 and west along the Trans-Manhattan Expressway from the overpass for Amsterdam Avenue in Manhattan, New York City, New York.jpg|thumb|right|[[Interstate 95 in New York#Manhattan|Interstate 95]] is the most prominent highway serving Manhattan, known as the Trans-Manhattan Expressway between the [[George Washington Bridge|George Washington]] and [[Alexander Hamilton Bridge|Alexander Hamilton]] bridges.]]
* {{jct|state=NY|I|78}}
* {{jct|state=NY|I|95}}
* {{jct|state=NY|I|278}}
* {{jct|state=NY|I|478}}
* {{jct|state=NY|I|495}}
* {{jct|state=NY|US|9}}
* {{jct|state=NY|NY|9A}}
* {{jct|state=NY|NY|495}}

====Taxis====
{{Main|Taxis of New York City}}
New York's iconic yellow [[taxicab]]s, which number 13,087 citywide and must have a medallion authorizing the pickup of street hails, are ubiquitous in the borough.<ref>[http://www.nyc.gov/html/tlc/html/about/about.shtml About the NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612231111/http://www.nyc.gov/html/tlc/html/about/about.shtml |date=June 12, 2010 }}. Accessed September 4, 2006.</ref> Private [[vehicle for hire]] companies provide significant competition for taxicabs.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/06/nyregion/uber-ride-hailing-new-york-transportation.html |title=The Downside of Ride-Hailing: More New York City Gridlock|author=Winnie Hu|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 6, 2017|access-date=March 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716025725/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/06/nyregion/uber-ride-hailing-new-york-transportation.html |archive-date=July 16, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Bicycles====
{{main|Cycling in New York City}}
According to the [[government of New York City]], Manhattan had 19,676 [[cycling in New York City|bicycle commuters]] in 2017, roughly doubling from its total of 9,613 in 2012.<ref>{{cite web
 | website     = nyc.gov
 | date        = May 2019
 | title       = Cycling in the City: Cycling Trends in NYC – Trends over Time: Commuters by Borough
 | url         = https://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/downloads/pdf/cycling-in-the-city.pdf
 | publisher   = American Community Survey
 | section     =
 | page        = 12
 | access-date = July 29, 2023
}}</ref>

===={{Anchor|Streets|Roads and Streets}}Streets and roads====
[[File:Manhattanhenge 2016-07-12-FRD.png|thumb|upright|Tourists observing [[Manhattanhenge]] on [[42nd Street (Manhattan)|42nd Street]] on July 12, 2016]]

The [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811]] called for twelve numbered "avenues" running north and south roughly parallel to the [[Hudson River]], each {{convert|100|ft|m|-1}} wide, with [[First Avenue (Manhattan)|First Avenue]] on the east side and [[Twelfth Avenue (Manhattan)|Twelfth Avenue]] on the west side.<ref name=MCNY1811/><ref>[[Christopher Gray (architectural historian)|Gray, Christopher]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/23/realestate/are-manhattans-right-angles-wrong.html "Are Manhattan's Right Angles Wrong?"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', October 23, 2005. Accessed December 1, 2023. "In 1811, the New York commissioners published their eight-foot-long map, showing 12 main north-south avenues and a dense network of east-west streets for much of Manhattan, with the old angled road of Broadway meandering through."</ref> There are several intermittent avenues east of First Avenue, including four additional lettered avenues running from [[Avenue A (Manhattan)|Avenue A]] eastward to [[Avenue D (Manhattan)|Avenue D]] in an area now known as [[Alphabet City, Manhattan|Alphabet City]].<ref>[[Gouverneur Morris|Morris, Gouverneur]]; [[Simeon De Witt|De Witt, Simeon]]; and [[John Rutherfurd|Rutherfurd, John]] (March 1811) [http://urbanplanning.library.cornell.edu/DOCS/nyc1811.htm "Remarks Of The Commissioners For Laying Out Streets And Roads In The City Of New York, Under The Act Of April 3, 1807"], [[Cornell University Library]]. Accessed December 30, 2023. "These are one hundred feet wide, and such of them as can be extended as far north as the village of Harlem are numbered (beginning with the most eastern, which passes from the west of Bellevue Hospital to the east of Harlem Church) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. This last runs from the wharf at Manhattanville nearly along the shore of the Hudson river, in which it is finally lost, as appears by the map. The avenues to the eastward of number one are marked A, B, C, and D."</ref> The numbered streets in Manhattan run east–west, and are generally {{convert|60|ft|m|0}} wide, with about {{convert|200|ft|m|0}} between streets.<ref name=MCNY1811/> The [[Manhattan address algorithm|address algorithm of Manhattan]] is used to estimate the closest east–west cross street for building numbers on north–south avenues.<ref>[https://www.thirteen.org/metrofocus/2012/02/unlock-the-grid-then-ditch-the-maps-and-apps/ "Unlock the Grid, Then Ditch the Maps and Apps"], Metrofocus. Accessed December 1, 2023.</ref>

According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were [[155th Street (Manhattan)|155]] numbered crosstown streets,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/23/realestate/23scap.html |title=Are Manhattan's Right Angles Wrong, by Christopher Gray |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 23, 2005 |access-date=May 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502035251/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/23/realestate/23scap.html |archive-date=May 2, 2013 |url-status=live |last1=Gray |first1=Christopher }}</ref> but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan Island, where the last numbered street is [[220th Street (Manhattan)|220th Street]], though the grid continues to 228th Street in the borough's [[Marble Hill, Manhattan|Marble Hill]] neighborhood.<ref>[https://thegreatestgrid.mcny.org/greatest-grid/north-of-central-park North of Central Park: Revising the Grid], [[Museum of the City of New York]]. Accessed December 1, 2023.</ref><ref name=NYT2002>Boland, Ed Jr. [https://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/18/nyregion/fyi-414514.html "F.Y.I.: By the Numbers"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', August 18, 2002. Accessed December 1, 2023. "Q. What is the highest numbered street in New York City?... The highest numbered street in Manhattan is 228th Street, but that is in Marble Hill, a section of Manhattan north of the Harlem River. The highest numbered street on Manhattan Island is 220th Street in Inwood. The northbound numerations that begin in Manhattan continue through the Bronx until New York City meets Yonkers at West 263rd Street."</ref> Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as {{convert|100|ft|m}} wide, including [[34th Street (Manhattan)|34th]], [[42nd Street (Manhattan)|42nd]], [[57th Street (Manhattan)|57th]] and [[125th Street (Manhattan)|125th]] Streets,<ref>[http://www.library.cornell.edu/Reps/DOCS/nyc1811.htm Remarks of the Commissioners for laying out streets and roads in the City of New York, under the Act of April 3, 1807] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610165318/http://www.library.cornell.edu/Reps/DOCS/nyc1811.htm |date=June 10, 2007 }}, [[Cornell University]]. Accessed May 2, 2007. "These streets are all sixty feet wide except fifteen, which are one hundred feet wide, viz.: Numbers fourteen, twenty-three, thirty-four, forty-two, fifty-seven, seventy-two, seventy-nine, eighty-six, ninety-six, one hundred and six, one hundred and sixteen, one hundred and twenty-five, one hundred and thirty-five, one hundred and forty-five, and one hundred and fifty-five—the block or space between them being in general about two hundred feet."</ref> which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and [[shopping]] venues. [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]], following the route of a [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] trail, is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at [[Bowling Green (New York City)|Bowling Green]] in Lower Manhattan and continuing north for {{Convert|13|mi}} into the Bronx.<ref>[https://sah-archipedia.org/buildings/NY-01-061-9060 Broadway], [[Society of Architectural Historians]]. Accessed December 30, 2023. "Broadway is a 13-mile roadway running from the southern tip to the northernmost point of the island of Manhattan.... Predating the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, Broadway was initially a Native American trading trail running the length of Manhattan. Various indigenous peoples living on the island—including Lenni Lenape, Delaware Lenape, and Wickquasgeck—used the route, known as the Wickquasgeck Trail, to exchange goods with each other."</ref> In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at [[Union Square (New York City)|Union Square]], [[Madison Square]], [[Herald Square]], [[Times Square]], and [[Columbus Circle]].<ref>[https://urbandesignforum.org/grow-the-green-line/ "Grow the Green Line"], Urban Design Forum, February 26, 2018. Accessed December 30, 2023. "Broadway today is an anomaly, unneeded for vehicular traffic, that cuts through a standardized urban form. It is an extra street modulating an otherwise functioning grid. However, it is the only road that connects four of the most important public spaces in the city: Union Square, Madison Square, Herald Square, and Times Square; each found where this diagonal route crosses an avenue and marks a major street."</ref><ref>[https://www.nps.gov/thrb/learn/historyculture/union-square.htm Union Square], [[Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace]]. Accessed December 30, 2023. "New York's famed thoroughfare Broadway is responsible for some of the city's most famous parks. The irregularity of Broadway's span created space for Union Square, Madison Square, Herald Square, Times Square, and Columbus Circle.... Therefore Broadway does not run parallel to the north-south avenues of the grid. Broadway runs diagonally, intersecting other avenues and slicing uniform rectangles into small awkward blocks."</ref>

"Crosstown streets" refers primarily to major east-west streets connecting Manhattan's [[East Side (Manhattan)|East Side]] and [[West Side (Manhattan)|West Side]]. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy [[traffic congestion|congestion]] on narrow local streets; absence of express roads other than the [[Trans-Manhattan Expressway]] at the far north end of Manhattan Island; and restricted to very limited crosstown automobile travel within [[Central Park]]. Proposals to build highways traversing the island through Manhattan's densest neighborhoods, namely the [[Mid-Manhattan Expressway]] across [[34th Street (Manhattan)|34th Street]] and the [[Lower Manhattan Expressway]] through [[SoHo, Manhattan|SoHo]], failed in the 1960s.<ref>Sagalyn, Lynne B. [https://www.mcny.org/story/cross-manhattan-expressway "The Cross Manhattan Expressway"], [[Museum of the City of New York]], November 14, 2016. Accessed January 3, 2024. "In 1959, the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority, under the control and direction of New York City's 'master builder' Robert Moses, put forth ambitious plans for two expressways crossing Manhattan. These elevated highways would cut through neighborhoods and across the island, connecting New York with its wider metropolitan region.... Moses was particularly dedicated to pushing the Lower Manhattan Expressway through after another plan for Mid-Manhattan failed.... The citizen-led opposition campaign that led to the high-profile defeat of the Lower Manhattan Expressway in 1967 saved the neighborhood of SoHo and triggered a new, broader appreciation for preservation in areas that were of historical significance for cultural and economic reasons."</ref><ref>[https://digital.hagley.org/PAM_99349 ''Cross Manhattan arterials and related improvements''], [[Hagley Digital Archives]], published November 12, 1959. Accessed January 3, 2024.</ref> In New York City, all turns at red lights are illegal unless a sign permitting such maneuvers is present, significantly shaping traffic patterns in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.safeny.ny.gov/roadrule.htm | title=Rules of the Road}}</ref>

Another consequence of the strict grid plan of most of Manhattan, and the grid's skew of approximately 28.9&nbsp;degrees, is a phenomenon sometimes referred to as [[Manhattanhenge]] (by analogy with [[Stonehenge]]).<ref name=Manhattanhenge>{{cite news | last=Silverman | first=Justin Rocket | title=Sunny delight in city sight | newspaper=[[Newsday]] | date=May 27, 2006 | url=http://www.newsday.com/news/sunny-delight-in-city-sight-1.502140 | quote='Manhattanhenge' occurs Sunday, a day when a happy coincidence of urban planning and astrophysics results in the setting sun lining up exactly with every east-west street in the borough north of 14th Street. Similar to Stonehenge, which is directly aligned with the summer-solstice sun, "Manhattanhenge" catches the sun descending in perfect alignment between buildings. The local phenomenon occurs twice a year, on May 28 and July 12... | access-date=May 11, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803194424/https://www.newsday.com/news/sunny-delight-in-city-sight-1.502140 | archive-date=August 3, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref> On May 28 and July 12, the sunset is aligned with the street grid lines, with the result that the sun is visible at or near the western horizon from street level.<ref name=Manhattanhenge/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/city_of_stars/19_sunset_34th.html |title=Special Feature—City of Stars: Sunset on 34th Street Along the Manhattan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516005443/http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/city_of_stars/19_sunset_34th.html |archive-date=May 16, 2008 |work=[[Natural History (magazine)|Natural History]] |access-date=September 4, 2006 }}</ref> A similar phenomenon occurs with the sunrise on the eastern horizon on December 5 and January 8.<ref>Morris, Hugh. [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/north-america/united-states/new-york/articles/what-is-manhattanhenge-and-where-best-when-does-it-happen/ "Manhattanhenge is coming: what is it, and how can I see it?"], ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', May 31, 2019. Accessed December 30, 2023. "It is worth noting that the time when the rising sun aligns with Manhattan's streets, around December 5 and January 8, on either side of the winter solstice, is also known as Manhattanhenge but nobody seems that fussed about it. Poor Winter"</ref>

The [[FDR Drive]] and [[Harlem River Drive]], both designed by controversial New York master planner [[Robert Moses]],<ref>Kennicott, Philip. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/09/AR2007030900449.html "A Builder Who Went to Town: Robert Moses Shaped Modern New York, for Better and for Worse"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721221818/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/09/AR2007030900449.html |date=July 21, 2018 }}, ''[[The Washington Post]]'', March 11, 2007. Accessed April 30, 2007. "The list of his accomplishments is astonishing: seven bridges, 15 expressways, 16 parkways, the West Side Highway and the Harlem River Drive..."</ref> comprise a single, long [[limited-access highway|limited-access]] [[Parkway (New York)|parkway]] skirting the east side of Manhattan along the [[East River]] and [[Harlem River]] south of [[Dyckman Street]]. The [[Henry Hudson Parkway]] is the corresponding parkway on the West Side north of [[57th Street (Manhattan)|57th Street]].

{{See also|List of numbered streets in Manhattan|List of eponymous streets in New York City}}

====Bridges, tunnels, and ferries====
[[File:2016 One World Observatory view southsoutheast towards Brooklyn and Manhattan Bridges.jpg|thumb|The [[Brooklyn Bridge]] (on right) and [[Manhattan Bridge]] (on left), two of three bridges that connect [[Lower Manhattan]] with [[Brooklyn]] over the [[East River]].]]

Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by bridges. Manhattan has fixed [[highway]] connections with [[New Jersey]] to its west by way of the [[George Washington Bridge]], the [[Holland Tunnel]], and the [[Lincoln Tunnel]], and to three of the four other New York City boroughs—[[the Bronx]] to the northeast, and [[Brooklyn]] and [[Queens]] (both on [[Long Island]]) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, [[Staten Island]], is the free [[Staten Island Ferry]] across [[New York Harbor]], located near [[Battery Park (New York)|Battery Park]] at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the [[Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge]].

The 14-lane George Washington Bridge, the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge,<ref name="panynj.gov">{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/bridges-tunnels/george-washington-bridge.html |access-date=September 13, 2013 |title=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey&nbsp;– George Washington Bridge |publisher=The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920192211/http://www.panynj.gov/bridges-tunnels/george-washington-bridge.html |archive-date=September 20, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=abcgwb>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/george-washington-bridge-painters-dangerous-job-top-worlds/story?id=17771877|title=GW Bridge Painters: Dangerous Job on Top of the World's Busiest Bridge|author1=Bod Woodruff|author2=Lana Zak|author3=Stephanie Wash|name-list-style=amp|work=ABC News|date=November 20, 2012|access-date=September 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928002159/http://abcnews.go.com/US/george-washington-bridge-painters-dangerous-job-top-worlds/story?id=17771877|archive-date=September 28, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> connects [[Washington Heights, Manhattan|Washington Heights]], in [[Upper Manhattan]] to [[Bergen County, New Jersey|Bergen County]] in [[New Jersey]].<ref>Lynn, Kathleen. [https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/04/realestate/fort-lee-nj-like-being-in-the-city-without-being-in-the-city.html "Fort Lee, N.J.: 'Like Being in the City Without Being in the City'"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', January 4, 2023. Accessed December 4, 2023.</ref> There are numerous bridges to the Bronx across the [[Harlem River]], and five (listed north to south)—the [[Triborough Bridge|Triborough]] (known officially as the Robert F. Kennedy Bridge), [[Queensboro Bridge|Ed Koch Queensboro]] (also known as the 59th Street Bridge), [[Williamsburg Bridge|Williamsburg]], [[Manhattan Bridge|Manhattan]], and [[Brooklyn Bridge]]s—that cross the [[East River]] to connect Manhattan to Long Island.<ref>Sharif, Mo. [https://highways.dot.gov/public-roads/mayjune-2005/protecting-new-york-citys-bridge-assets "Protecting New York City's Bridge Assets"], [[Federal Highway Administration]] ''Public Roads'', May / June 2005. Accessed December 4, 2023.</ref>

Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The [[Lincoln Tunnel]], which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and [[Midtown Manhattan]], is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nycroads.com/crossings/lincoln/|title=Lincoln Tunnel Historic Overview|publisher=Eastern Roads|access-date=August 13, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609143937/http://www.nycroads.com/crossings/lincoln/|archive-date=June 9, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and [[cargo ship]]s that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The [[Holland Tunnel]], connecting Lower Manhattan to [[Jersey City, New Jersey]], was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel.<ref>{{cite web|title=Holland Tunnel |work=National Historic Landmark Quicklinks |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2176&ResourceType=Structure |access-date=August 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629011542/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2176&ResourceType=Structure |archive-date=June 29, 2014 }}</ref> The [[Queens–Midtown Tunnel]], built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nycroads.com/crossings/queens-midtown/|title=Queens-Midtown Tunnel Historic Overview|publisher=Eastern Roads|access-date=August 13, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609162348/http://www.nycroads.com/crossings/queens-midtown/|archive-date=June 9, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] was the first person to drive through it.<ref>{{cite news|title=President the 'First' to Use Midtown Tube; Precedence at Opening Denied Hundreds of Motorists|work=The New York Times|date= November 9, 1940|page= 19}}</ref> The [[Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel]] runs underneath [[The Battery (Manhattan)|Battery Park]] and connects the [[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]] at the southern tip of Manhattan to [[Red Hook, Brooklyn|Red Hook]] in Brooklyn.

Several ferry services operate between New Jersey and Manhattan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.panynj.gov/port-authority/en/help-center/ferries.html|title=Ferry Transportation|publisher=Eastern Roads|access-date=February 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215210528/https://www.panynj.gov/port-authority/en/help-center/ferries.html|archive-date=February 15, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> These ferries mainly serve midtown, Battery Park City, and Wall Street.

====Heliports====
Manhattan has three public heliports: the [[East 34th Street Heliport]] (also known as the Atlantic Metro-port), owned by New York City and run by the [[New York City Economic Development Corporation]] (NYCEDC); the [[Downtown Manhattan Heliport|Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport]], owned by the [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] and run by the NYCEDC; and the [[West 30th Street Heliport]], owned by the Hudson River Park Trust.<ref>{{cite web|website=NYCTourist.com|url=http://www.nyctourist.com/heliports_helicopter_airport_transportation.htm|title=New York City Heliports, Helicopter Airport Transportation Services, Downtown Manhattan Heliport|access-date=October 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004114114/http://www.nyctourist.com/heliports_helicopter_airport_transportation.htm|archive-date=October 4, 2015|url-status=usurped}}</ref>

===Utilities===
Gas and electric service is provided by [[Consolidated Edison]]. Manhattan witnessed the doubling of its [[natural gas]] supply when a new [[gas pipeline]] opened on November 1, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-11-05/a-natural-gas-line-reaches-new-york-city|title=Cheap Natural Gas Hits New York City|author=Matthew Philips|publisher=BloombergBusinessweek|date=November 5, 2013|access-date=August 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822030922/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-11-05/a-natural-gas-line-reaches-new-york-city|archive-date=August 22, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Con Edison steam operations|Con Edison operates]] the world's largest [[District heating|district steam]] system, which consists of {{convert|105|mi|km}} of steam pipes, providing steam for heating, hot water, and air conditioning<ref>Ray, C. Claiborne. [https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/12/science/q-a-931992.html "Q&A"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328070800/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/12/science/q-a-931992.html |date=March 28, 2019 }}, ''[[The New York Times]]'', May 12, 1992. Accessed June 30, 2009. "In a steam-powered system, the whole cycle of compression, cooling, expansion and evaporation takes place in a closed system, like that in a refrigerator or electrical air-conditioner. The difference, Mr. Sarno said, is that the mechanical power to run the compressor comes from steam-powered turbines, not electrical motors."</ref> by some 1,800 Manhattan customers.<ref>[http://www.coned.com/history/steam.asp A brief history of con edison: steam] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060312062632/http://www.coned.com/history/steam.asp |date=March 12, 2006 }}, [[Consolidated Edison]]. Accessed May 16, 2007.</ref> Cable service is provided by [[Time Warner Cable]] and telephone service is provided by [[Verizon Communications]], although [[AT&T]] is available as well.

The [[New York City Department of Sanitation]] is responsible for garbage removal.<ref>[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dsny/html/about/about.shtml About DSNY] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070523110528/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dsny/html/about/about.shtml |date=May 23, 2007 }}, [[New York City Department of Sanitation]]. Accessed May 16, 2007.</ref> The bulk of the city's trash is disposed at mega-dumps in Pennsylvania, Virginia, South Carolina, and Ohio (via transfer stations in New Jersey, Brooklyn and Queens) since the 2001 closure of the [[Fresh Kills Landfill]] on [[Staten Island]].<ref>Burger, Michael and Stewart, Christopher. [http://www.gothamgazette.com/iotw/garbage/ "Garbage After Fresh Kills"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100216161617/http://www.gothamgazette.com/iotw/garbage/ |date=February 16, 2010 }}, ''[[Gotham Gazette]]'', January 28, 2001. Accessed May 16, 2007.</ref> A small amount of trash processed at transfer sites in New Jersey is sometimes incinerated at [[waste-to-energy]] facilities.

New York City has the largest clean-air diesel-[[hybrid vehicle|hybrid]] and [[compressed natural gas]] bus fleet, which also operates in Manhattan, in the country. It also has some of the first hybrid taxis, most of which operate in Manhattan.<ref>{{cite press release |url= http://www.sierraclub.org/pressroom/releases/pr2005-07-01a.asp |title= New York City's Yellow Cabs Go Green |publisher= [[Sierra Club]] |date= July 1, 2005 |access-date= December 20, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090107223735/http://www.sierraclub.org/pressroom/releases/pr2005-07-01a.asp |archive-date= January 7, 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Health care===
{{Main|List of hospitals in New York City#Manhattan}}

There are many hospitals in Manhattan, including two of the 25 largest in the United States (as of 2017):<ref>Gooch, Kelly. [http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/lists/25-largest-hospitals-in-americajan-18.html "25 largest hospitals in America"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218134637/https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/lists/25-largest-hospitals-in-americajan-18.html |date=February 18, 2020 }}, ''Becker Hospital Review'', January 18, 2017. Accessed May 14, 2017.</ref>
* [[Bellevue Hospital]]
* [[Lenox Hill Hospital]]
* [[Lower Manhattan Hospital]]
* [[Metropolitan Hospital Center]]
* [[Mount Sinai Beth Israel|Mount Sinai Beth Israel Hospital]] (closed, April 2025)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-09 |title=Mount Sinai Beth Israel in East Village officially closes after judge dismisses bid to stay open |url=https://abc7ny.com/post/mount-sinai-beth-israel-east-village-officially-closes-judge-dismisses-community-group-bid-stay-open/16148740/ |access-date=2025-04-09 |website=ABC7 New York |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan)|Mount Sinai Hospital]]
* [[NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital]]
* [[NYC Health + Hospitals/Harlem]]
* [[NYU Langone Medical Center]]

===Water purity and availability===
{{main|Food and water in New York City|New York City water supply system}}

New York City is supplied with drinking water by the protected [[Catskill Mountains]] watershed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/drinking_water/maplevels_wide.shtml |title=Current Reservoir Levels |publisher=New York City Department of Environmental Protection |access-date=August 15, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160707050306/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/drinking_water/maplevels_wide.shtml |archive-date=July 7, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> As a result of the watershed's integrity and undisturbed [[water purification|natural water filtration system]], New York is one of only four major cities in the US with a majority of drinking water pure enough not to require [[water treatment]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Lustgarten |first=Abrahm |title=City's Drinking Water Feared Endangered; $10B Cost Seen |work=The New York Sun |date=August 6, 2008 |url=http://www.nysun.com/new-york/citys-drinking-water-feared-endangered-0b-cost/83288/ |access-date=August 9, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820001437/http://www.nysun.com/new-york/citys-drinking-water-feared-endangered-0b-cost/83288/ |archive-date=August 20, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Croton Falls Reservoir|Croton Watershed]] north of the city is undergoing construction of a US$3.2&nbsp;billion water purification plant to augment New York City's water supply by an estimated 290&nbsp;million gallons daily, representing a greater than 20% addition to the city's water availability.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dunlap |first=David W. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/24/nyregion/a-quiet-milestone-in-a-project-to-bring-croton-water-back-to-new-york.html |title=Quiet Milestone in Project to Bring Croton Water Back to New York City |newspaper=The New York Times |date=July 23, 2014 |access-date=August 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160717200642/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/24/nyregion/a-quiet-milestone-in-a-project-to-bring-croton-water-back-to-new-york.html |archive-date=July 17, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Water comes to Manhattan through the [[New York City water supply system#Tunnels|tunnels 1 and 2]], and in the future through [[New York City Water Tunnel No. 3|Tunnel No. 3]], begun in 1970.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/17/nyregion/new-water-tunnel-can-provide-water-for-all-of-manhattan.html |title=After Decades, a Water Tunnel Can Now Serve All of Manhattan|author-first1=Matt|author-last1=Flegenheimer|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 16, 2013|access-date=August 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160717200654/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/17/nyregion/new-water-tunnel-can-provide-water-for-all-of-manhattan.html |archive-date=July 17, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>