Editing Cologne (section)

==Economy==
[[File:Koelnmesse Nordeingang.jpg|thumb|North entrance to [[Koelnmesse]], 2008]]
[[File:Rheinauhafen - The Bench - Rheinseite (1828-30).jpg|thumb|Modern office building at [[Rheinauhafen]], [[Electronic Arts|EA Games]] headquarters]]
As the largest city in the [[Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region|Rhine-Ruhr]] metropolitan region, Cologne benefits from a large [[market structure]].<ref>[http://www.stadt-koeln.de/mediaasset/content/pdf80/cbg_2009_bfrei_deutsch.pdf stadt-koeln.de ''Cologne Business Guide''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215031037/http://www.stadt-koeln.de/mediaasset/content/pdf80/cbg_2009_bfrei_deutsch.pdf |date=15 December 2010 }} {{in lang|de|en}}</ref> In competition with [[Düsseldorf]], the economy of Cologne is primarily based on insurance and [[Mass media|media industries]],<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/125964/Cologne/61370/Economy|title=Cologne|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2 June 2022|archive-date=2 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202134125/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/125964/Cologne/61370/Economy|url-status=live}}</ref> while the city is also an important cultural and research centre and home to a number of [[corporate headquarters]].

Among the largest media companies based in Cologne are [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk]], [[RTL (German TV channel)|RTL Television]] (with subsidiaries), [[n-tv]], [[Deutschlandradio]], [[Brainpool TV]] and publishing houses like J.&nbsp;P. Bachem, [[Taschen]], [[Tandem Verlag]], and [[M.&nbsp;DuMont Schauberg]]. Several clusters of media, arts and communications agencies, TV production studios, and state agencies work partly with private and government-funded cultural institutions. Among the insurance companies based in Cologne are Central, DEVK, DKV, [[Generali Deutschland]], [[Gen Re]], [[Gothaer Group|Gothaer]], HDI Gerling and national headquarters of [[Axa]] Insurance, [[Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Group]] and [[Zurich Insurance Group|Zurich Financial Services]].

The German flag carrier [[Lufthansa]] and its subsidiary [[Lufthansa CityLine]] have their main corporate headquarters in Cologne.<ref name="FI">{{cite news | title= Directory: World Airlines | work= [[Flight International]] | page= 107 | date= 3 April 2007}}</ref> The largest employer in Cologne is [[Ford of Europe|Ford Europe]], which has its European headquarters and a factory in [[Niehl, Cologne|Niehl]] ([[Ford Germany|Ford-Werke GmbH]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ford.de/UeberFord|title=Über Ford – Standorte|work=Ford Germany|access-date=20 June 2009|language=de|archive-date=29 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629212610/http://www.ford.de/UeberFord|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Toyota Gazoo Racing Europe|Toyota Motorsport GmbH]] (TMG), [[Toyota]]'s official motorsports team, responsible for Toyota rally cars, and then [[Formula One]] cars, has its headquarters and workshops in Cologne. Other large companies based in Cologne include the [[REWE Group]], [[Technischer Überwachungsverein|TÜV Rheinland]], [[Deutz AG]] and a number of [[Kölsch (beer)|Kölsch]] breweries. The largest three Kölsch breweries of Cologne are Reissdorf, Gaffel, and Früh.

{| class="wikitable"
! style="text-align:left;"| Brewery
! valign=bottom | Established
! valign=bottom | Annual output ''in hectoliters''
|-
| [[Heinrich Reissdorf]]
| 1894
| 650,000
|-
| [[Gaffel Becker & Co]]
| 1908
| 500,000
|-
| [[Cölner Hofbräu Früh]]
| 1904
| 440,000
|}

Historically, Cologne has always been an important trade city, with land, air, and sea connections.<ref name="Cologneeconomy"/> The city has five Rhine ports,<ref name="Cologneeconomy"/> the second largest [[inland port]] in Germany and one of the largest in Europe. [[Cologne Bonn Airport]] is the second largest freight terminal in Germany.<ref name="Cologneeconomy"/> Today, the [[Koelnmesse|Cologne trade fair]] (''Koelnmesse'') ranks as a major European trade fair location with over 50 trade fairs<ref name="Cologneeconomy"/> and other large cultural and sports events. In 2008 Cologne had 4.31&nbsp;million overnight stays booked and 2.38&nbsp;million arrivals.<ref name="Cologneglance"/> Cologne's largest daily newspaper is the ''[[Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger]]''.

Cologne shows a significant increase in [[Startup company|startup companies]], especially when considering digital business.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft Kölm|title=Kölner Digitalwirtschaft gut aufgestellt|url=http://www.iwkoeln.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/beitrag/start-up-szene-koelner-digitalwirtschaft-gut-aufgestellt-290107|access-date=28 October 2016|archive-date=28 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028215433/http://www.iwkoeln.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/beitrag/start-up-szene-koelner-digitalwirtschaft-gut-aufgestellt-290107|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Cologne has also become the first German city with a population of more than a million people to declare climate emergency.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Deutsche Welle|title=Cologne becomes first big German city to declare climate emergency|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]|url=https://www.dw.com/en/cologne-becomes-first-big-german-city-to-declare-climate-emergency/a-49532684-0|access-date=18 July 2019|archive-date=11 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711162909/https://www.dw.com/en/cologne-becomes-first-big-german-city-to-declare-climate-emergency/a-49532684-0|url-status=live}}</ref>