Editing Wilhelm II (section)

==Arms, Orders and decorations==
{{See also|Coat of arms of Germany#German Empire|Coat of arms of Prussia}}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
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| [[File:Wappenschild des Deutschen Kaiserreiches (1889-1918).svg|180px]]
| [[File:Middle Coat of Arms of the German Empire.svg|185px]]
| [[File:Greater Coat of Arms of the German Empire.svg|185px]]
|-
|Lesser coat of arms of the German Emperor
|Middle coat of arms of the German Emperor
|Greater coat of arms of the German Emperor
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
| [[File:Middle Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia 1873.svg|185px]]
| [[File:Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia 1873-1918.svg|150px]]
|-
|Middle coat of arms of the King of Prussia
|Greater coat of arms of the King of Prussia
|}
;German honours<ref name="HofUndStaat">''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_lHkOAAAAYAAJ/page/n35 Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Preußen]'' (1886–87), Genealogy p. 2</ref><ref name="Regiment">{{cite web |url=http://regiments.org/biography/royals/1859wilG.htm#titles |title=Wilhelm II, German Emperor & King of Prussia (1859–1941) |access-date=4 November 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015184420/http://regiments.org/biography/royals/1859wilG.htm#titles |archive-date=15 October 2007}}</ref><ref name="p69">Justus Perthes, ''Almanach de Gotha'' (1913) [https://archive.org/details/almanachdegotha00unse_50/page/n123 pp. 68–69]</ref>
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1803-1892).svg}} [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]]:
** [[Order of the Black Eagle|Knight of the Black Eagle]], ''27 January 1869''; with Collar, ''1877''<ref name="prus">{{citation|title=Königlich Preussische Ordensliste| journal=Preussische Ordens-Liste |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=4&skin=2021|pages=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=14&skin=2021 6], [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=559&skin=2021 551], [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878831&view=1up&seq=1006&skin=2021 934]|language=German|location=Berlin|year=1886|volume=1|via=HathiTrust}}</ref>
** [[Order of the Red Eagle|Grand Cross of the Red Eagle]], ''27 January 1869''
** [[Order of the Crown (Prussia)|Knight of the Prussian Crown]], 1st Class, ''27 January 1869''<ref name="prus"/>
** Grand Commander's Cross of the [[House Order of Hohenzollern#Royal House Order|Royal House Order of Hohenzollern]], ''27 January 1869''<ref name="prus"/>
** Founder of the [[Ladies Merit Cross]], ''25 April 1892''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ehrenzeichen-orden.de/deutsche-staaten/frauen-verdienstkreuz-1907-2-form-in-gold.html |title=Frauen-Verdienstkreuz 1892 |publisher=Ehrenzeichen-orden.de |access-date=24 December 2018}}</ref>
** Founder of the [[Wilhelm-Orden]], ''18 January 1896''<ref name="HofUndStaat2">''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_CnsOAAAAYAAJ/page/n83 Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Preußen]'' (1902), "Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 45</ref>
** Founder of the [[Red Cross Medal (Prussia)|Red Cross Medal]], ''1 October 1898''
** Founder of the [[Jerusalem Cross (Prussia)|Jerusalem Cross]], ''31 October 1898''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ehrenzeichen-orden.de/deutsche-staaten/jerusalem-erinnerungskreuz-1898.html |title=Jerusalem-Erinnerungskreuz 1898 |publisher=Ehrenzeichen-orden.de |access-date=23 December 2018}}</ref>
** Founder of the [[Order of Merit of the Prussian Crown]], ''18 January 1901''<ref name="HofUndStaat2"/>
** [[Iron Cross]], 1st Class, ''1914''; [[Grand Cross of the Iron Cross|Grand Cross]], ''11 December 1916''<ref name="Machine">{{cite web|title=Wilhelm II. deutscher Kaiser und König von Preußen|website=the Prussian Machine|access-date=17 March 2021|url=http://prussianmachine.com/aok/kaiser.htm}}</ref>
** [[Pour le Mérite]] (military), ''16 February 1915''; with Oak Leaves, ''12 May 1915''<ref name="Machine"/>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Sigmaringen.png}} [[Hohenzollern]]: Cross of Honour of the [[House Order of Hohenzollern#Princely House Order|Princely House Order of Hohenzollern]], 1st Class
* {{flag|Anhalt}}:
** [[Order of Albert the Bear|Grand Cross of Albert the Bear]], ''1884''<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_LR03AAAAYAAJ/page/n33 Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtums Anhalt]'' (1894), "Herzogliche Haus-Orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 17</ref>
** [[Friedrich Cross]], ''1914''
* {{flag|Baden}}:
** Knight of the [[House Order of Fidelity]], ''1877''<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden'' (1896), "Großherzogliches Haus", [https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1878736 p. 62]</ref>
** Knight of the [[Order of Berthold the First]], ''28 July 1877''
** Grand Cross of the [[Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order]], ''1 November 1914''
* {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Bavaria}}:
** [[Order of St. Hubert|Knight of St. Hubert]], ''1881''<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_nTedipoxoGcC/page/n37 Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern]'' (1906), "Königliche Orden" p. 7</ref>
** Grand Cross of the [[Military Order of Max Joseph]], ''1 November 1914''
* {{flagcountry|Duchy of Brunswick}}:
** [[Order of Henry the Lion|Grand Cross of Henry the Lion]], ''1881''<ref>''Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Herzogtums Braunschweig für das Jahr 1897''. Braunschweig 1897. Meyer. p. 10</ref>
** [[War Merit Cross (Brunswick)|War Merit Cross]], ''1914''
* {{flagicon|Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Altenburg}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Meiningen}} [[Ernestine duchies]]:
** Grand Cross of the [[Saxe-Ernestine House Order]], ''1877''<ref>''[https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00243753/Sachsen_Coburg_Gotha_166999342_1890_0056.tif?logicalDiv=jportal_jparticle_00484309 Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha]'' (1890), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 45</ref>
** [[Cross for Merit in War]] ([[Saxe-Meiningen|Meiningen]]), ''15 October 1917''
* {{flagicon|Bremen}} [[File:Flag of the Free City of Lübeck.svg|25px]] {{flagicon|Hamburg}} Free Hanseatic Cities: [[Hanseatic Cross]]es, ''15 October 1917''
* {{flagicon|Grand Duchy of Hesse}} [[Hesse and by Rhine]]:<ref>{{citation|title=Großherzoglich Hessische Ordensliste|pages=3, 5|language=German|location=Darmstadt|year=1914|publisher=Staatsverlag|via=HathiTrust}}</ref>
** Grand Cross of the [[Ludwig Order]], ''2 April 1872''
** [[House Order of the Golden Lion (Hesse-Kassel)|Knight of the Golden Lion]], with Collar, ''19 April 1894''
* {{flagicon image|Flagge Fürstentum Lippe.svg}} [[Lippe-Detmold|Lippe]]: War Service Cross, 1st Class, ''15 October 1917''
* {{Flagicon image|Flagge Großherzogtümer Mecklenburg.svg}} [[Mecklenburg]]:
** [[Order of the Wendish Crown|Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown]], with Crown in Ore
** [[Military Merit Cross (Mecklenburg-Schwerin)|Military Merit Cross]], 1st Class ([[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Schwerin]]), ''15 October 1917''
* {{flag|Oldenburg}}:
** [[House and Merit Order of Peter Frederick Louis|Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig]], with Golden Crown and Collar, ''18 February 1878''<ref>{{cite book|title=Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg0: 1879|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AD6sPIakAuMC&pg=PR1|year=1879|publisher=Schulze|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=AD6sPIakAuMC&pg=PA34 34]}}</ref>
** [[Friedrich August Cross]], ''15 October 1917''
* {{flag|Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach}}: [[Order of the White Falcon|Grand Cross of the White Falcon]], ''1877''<ref>''[https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00185861/Staatshandbuch_Film_Nr_16_0245.tif Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200906150133/https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00185861/Staatshandbuch_Film_Nr_16_0245.tif |date=6 September 2020 }}'' (1900), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 16</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Saxony}}:
** [[Order of the Rue Crown|Knight of the Rue Crown]], ''28 July 1877''
** Grand Cross of the [[Military Order of St. Henry]], ''22 October 1914''
* {{flag|Schaumburg-Lippe}}: Service Cross, ''1914''
* {{flag|Württemberg}}:
** [[Order of the Crown (Württemberg)|Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown]], ''1877''<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Pc5CAAAAYAAJ/page/n63 Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg]'' (1907), "Königliche Orden" p. 28</ref>
** Grand Cross of the [[Military Merit Order (Württemberg)|Military Merit Order]], ''11 November 1914''
}}

;Foreign honours<ref name="HofUndStaat"/><ref name="Regiment"/><ref name="p69"/>
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* {{flagicon|Austrian Empire}} {{flagicon|Kingdom of Hungary|1871}} [[Austria-Hungary]]:<ref>{{citation|chapter-url=http://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?aid=shb&datum=1918&size=45|chapter=Ritter-Orden|title=Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie|date=1918|access-date=2 November 2019|pages=52, 54}}</ref>
** Grand Cross of the [[Order of St. Stephen of Hungary|Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen]], ''1872''
** Grand Cross of the [[Military Order of Maria Theresa]], ''1914''
* {{flag|Belgium}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]] (military), ''9 October 1884''
* {{flagcountry|Empire of Brazil}}: [[Order of the Southern Cross|Grand Cross of the Southern Cross]], ''28 July 1877''
* {{flagcountry|Principality of Bulgaria}}:
** [[Order of St. Alexander|Grand Cross of St. Alexander]], ''28 July 1877''
** [[Order of Saints Cyril and Methodius|Knight of Saints Cyril and Methodius, with Collar]], ''1912''
** Grand Cross of the [[Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)|Military Merit Order]], ''18 January 1916''
** [[Order of Bravery]], 1st Class, ''11 October 1917''<ref>{{cite web|title=Knights of the Order of Bravery| date=13 October 2024 |url=http://www.boiniznamena.com/?action=article&id=155|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100203221313/http://www.boiniznamena.com/?action=article&id=155|url-status=usurped|archive-date=3 February 2010|language=bg}}</ref>
* {{flag|Denmark}}:<ref name="DanskStatskalender">{{cite book |year=1941 |orig-year=1st pub.:1801 |editor1-last=Bille-Hansen |editor1-first=A. C. |editor2-last=Holck |editor2-first=Harald |title=Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1941 |trans-title=State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1941 |url=https://dis-danmark.dk/bibliotek/910959.pdf#page=40 |series=Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender |language=da |location=Copenhagen |publisher=J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri |page=10|access-date=3 September 2020 |via=[[:da:DIS Danmark]]}}</ref>
** [[Knight of the Elephant]], ''28 November 1879''
** [[Cross of Honour of the Order of the Dannebrog]], ''18 February 1906''
* {{flag|Finland}}: [[Order of the Cross of Liberty|Grand Cross of the Cross of Liberty]], with Swords and Diamonds, ''30 June 1918''<ref>{{cite book|author=Tom C. Bergroth|title=Vapaudenristin ritarikunta: Isänmaan puolesta|year=1997|publisher=Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö|language=fi|isbn =951-0-22037-X|page=65}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Greece|royal}} [[Kingdom of Greece|Greece]]: [[Order of the Redeemer|Grand Cross of the Redeemer]]
* {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Hawaii}}: Grand Cross of the [[Royal Order of Kamehameha I (decoration)|Order of Kamehameha I]], ''1881''<ref>Kalakaua to his sister, 4 August 1881, quoted in Greer, Richard A. (editor, 1967) "[https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/186/JL05085.pdf The Royal Tourist—Kalakaua's Letters Home from Tokio to London] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019083943/https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/186/JL05085.pdf |date=19 October 2019 }}", ''Hawaiian Journal of History'', vol. 5, p. 104</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Italy}}:
** [[Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation|Knight of the Annunciation]], ''24 September 1873''<ref name="dell'interno1898">{{cite book|author=Italia : Ministero dell'interno|title=Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0dnhcmSJ6FcC&pg=PP5|year=1898|publisher=Unione tipografico-editrice|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=0dnhcmSJ6FcC&pg=PA54 54]}}</ref>
** [[Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus|Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus]]
** Grand Cross of the [[Military Order of Savoy]], ''8 September 1889''
** {{flagicon|Tuscany|habsburg}} [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany|Tuscan Grand Ducal Family]]: [[Order of Saint Joseph|Grand Cross of St. Joseph]], ''9 October 1884''
* {{flag|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}}: Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion
* {{flagcountry|Empire of Japan}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of the Chrysanthemum]], ''24 September 1886''; Collar, ''10 December 1894''<ref>{{cite book|author=刑部芳則|title=明治時代の勲章外交儀礼|url=http://meijiseitoku.org/pdf/f54-5.pdf|year=2017|publisher=明治聖徳記念学会紀要|language=ja|pages=144, 149}}</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Principality of Montenegro}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Prince Danilo I]], ''28 July 1877''
* {{flag|Netherlands}}:
** [[Order of the Netherlands Lion|Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion]], ''28 July 1877''
** Grand Cross of the [[Military William Order]], ''8 September 1889''<ref>''[https://www.defensie.nl/onderwerpen/onderscheidingen/dapperheidsonderscheidingen/databank-dapperheidsonderscheidingen/1889/09/08/preussen-friedrich-wilhelm-viktor-albrecht-prinz-von Militaire Willems-Orde: Preussen, Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albrecht Prinz von]'' (in Dutch)</ref>
** Grand Cross of the [[House Order of Orange]], ''4 May 1905''
* {{flag|Norway|1844}}:
** [[Order of St. Olav|Grand Cross of St. Olav]], with Collar, ''1 August 1888''<ref>{{citation|title=Norges Statskalender|year=1890|url=https://runeberg.org/norkal/1890/0356.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=6 January 2018|pages=595–596|language=no}}</ref>
** [[Order of the Norwegian Lion|Knight of the Norwegian Lion]], ''27 January 1904''<ref>[http://www.royalcourt.no/artikkel.html?tid=33000&sek=32999 "The Order of the Norwegian Lion"], ''The Royal House of Norway''. Retrieved 10 August 2018.</ref>
* {{flag|Ottoman Empire}}:
** [[Order of the House of Osman]], ''30 November 1898''
** [[Order of Osmanieh]], 1st Class in Diamonds
** [[Order of Distinction (Ottoman Empire)|Order of Distinction]]
** [[Order of Glory (Ottoman Empire)|Order of Glory]] in Diamonds, ''15 October 1917''
** War Service Medal, ''15 October 1917''
* {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Portugal}}:
** [[Order of the Tower and Sword|Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword]], ''9 October 1884''; with Collar, ''1888''
** Grand Cross of the [[Sash of the Two Orders]]
* {{flagcountry|Russian Empire}}:
** [[Order of St. Andrew|Knight of St. Andrew]], ''1872''
** [[Order of St. Alexander Nevsky|Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky]], ''1872''
** [[Order of the White Eagle (Russia)|Knight of the White Eagle]], ''1872''
** [[Order of St. Anna|Knight of St. Anna]], 1st Class, ''1872''
** [[Order of Saint Stanislaus (House of Romanov)|Knight of St. Stanislaus]], 1st Class, ''1872''
* {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Romania}}:
** [[Order of the Star of Romania|Grand Cross of the Star of Romania]], ''28 July 1877''
** [[Grand Cross of the Crown of Romania]], ''28 July 1877''
** Collar of the [[Order of Carol I]], ''1906''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://familiaregala.ro/ordine-si-decoratii/ordinul-carol-i |title=Ordinul Carol I |website=[[Romanian royal family|Familia Regală a României]] |location=Bucharest |language=ro |trans-title=Order of Carol I |access-date=17 October 2019}}</ref>
* {{flag|San Marino}}: [[Order of San Marino|Grand Cross of San Marino]], ''9 October 1884''
* [[File:Flag of Serbia (1835-1882).svg|25px]] [[Principality of Serbia|Serbia]]:
** [[Order of the Cross of Takovo|Grand Cross of the Cross of Takovo]], ''28 July 1877''
** [[Order of the White Eagle (Serbia)|Grand Cross of the White Eagle]]
* {{flagicon|Thailand|1855}} [[Siam]]:
** [[Order of the Crown of Thailand|Grand Cross of the Crown of Siam]], ''28 July 1877''
** Knight of the [[Order of the Royal House of Chakri]], ''15 July 1891''
* {{flagcountry|Restoration (Spain)}}: [[Order of the Golden Fleece|Knight of the Golden Fleece]], ''8 November 1875''<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0000941464&search=&lang=es|chapter=Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisón de oro|title=Guía Oficial de España|date=1887|access-date=21 March 2019|page=146|language=es}}</ref>
* {{flag|Sweden|1844}}:
** [[Order of the Seraphim|Knight of the Seraphim]], ''25 April 1878''; with Collar, ''1 November 1888''<ref>{{citation|title=Svensk rikskalender|year=1909|url=https://runeberg.org/rikskal/1909/0697.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=6 January 2018|page=613|language=sv}}</ref>
** Commander Grand Cross of the [[Order of Vasa]], with Collar, ''30 July 1909''<ref>{{citation|title=Sveriges statskalender|year=1925|url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1925/0941.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=6 January 2018|page=935|language=sv}}</ref>
* {{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}:
** [[Order of the Garter|Stranger Knight Companion of the Garter]], ''27 January 1877''{{sfn|Shaw|1906|p=[https://archive.org/stream/cu31924092537418#page/n153/mode/2up p. 65]}} (expelled in 1915)
** [[Order of Saint John (chartered 1888)|Knight of Justice of St. John]], ''1888'' (expelled in 1915)
** Honorary Grand Cross of the [[Royal Victorian Order]], ''21 November 1899''{{sfn|Shaw|1906|p=[https://archive.org/stream/cu31924092537418#page/n513/mode/2up p. 423]}} (expelled in 1915)
** Recipient of the [[Royal Victorian Chain]], ''9 November 1902''{{sfn|Shaw|1906|p=[https://archive.org/stream/cu31924092537418#page/n505/mode/2up p. 415]}} (expelled in 1915)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Venezuela (1863–1905).svg}} [[Venezuela]]: Collar of the [[Order of the Liberator]], ''4 May 1905''
}}