Editing Spain (section)

=== Religion ===
{{Main|Religion in Spain}}
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption= Religious self-definition in Spain ([[Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas|CIS]] survey; sample size: 3,935; February 2023)<ref>[[Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas|CIS]].[https://datos.cis.es/pdf/Es3395marMT_A.pdf "Barómetro de Enero de 2023"], 3,961 respondents. The question was "¿Cómo se define Ud. en materia religiosa: católico/a practicante, católico/a no practicante, creyente de otra religión, agnóstico/a, indiferente o no creyente, o ateo/a?". Page 19.</ref>
|label1 = Practicing [[Catholic Church|Catholic]]
|value1 = 18.5
|color1 = DarkRed
|label2 = Non-Practicing Catholic
|value2 = 37.5
|color2 = Red
|label3 = Believer in another religion
|value3 = 2.7
|color3 = MediumSlateBlue
|label4 = [[Agnosticism|Agnostic]]
|value4 = 12.6
|color4 = LightGray
|label5 = Indifferent/Non-believer
|value5 = 12.3
|color5 = WhiteSmoke
|label6 = [[Atheism|Atheist]]
|value6 = 14.9
|color6 = Grey
|label7 = Did not answer
|value7 = 1.5
|color7 = Black
}}
[[Roman Catholic]]ism, which has a long history in Spain, remains the dominant religion. Although it no longer has official status by law, in all public schools in Spain students have to choose either a religion or ethics class. Catholicism is the religion most commonly taught, although the teaching of Islam,<ref>[https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-1992-24855 Ley 26/1992] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126142129/http://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-1992-24855|date=26 November 2016 }}, Documento BOE-A-1992-24855, Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado</ref> Judaism,<ref>[https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1992-24854 Ley 25/1992] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227231842/https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1992-24854|date=27 December 2016 }}, Documento BOE-A-1992-24854, Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado</ref> and evangelical Christianity<ref>[https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1992-24853 Ley 24/1992] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126142109/http://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1992-24853|date=26 November 2016 }}, Documento BOE-A-1992-24853, Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado</ref> is also recognised in law. According to a 2020 study by the Spanish Centre for Sociological Research, about 61% of Spaniards self-identify as [[Christianity in Spain|Catholics]], 3% other faiths, and about 35% identify with [[irreligion|no religion]].<ref name=CIS2020>Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas: [http://datos.cis.es/pdf/Es3288marMT_A.pdf Barómetro de Julio 2020, página 21.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720202206/http://datos.cis.es/pdf/Es3288marMT_A.pdf |date=20 July 2020 }}¿Cómo se define Ud. en materia religiosa: católico/a practicante, católico/a no practicante, creyente de otra religión, agnóstico/a, indiferente o no creyente, o ateo/a?</ref> Most Spaniards do not participate regularly in religious services.<ref name=CIS /> Recent polls and surveys suggest that around 30% of the Spanish population is irreligious.<ref name=CIS>{{cite web|url=http://www.cis.es/cis/opencm/ES/1_encuestas/estudios/ver.jsp?estudio=14473&cuestionario=17452&muestra=24446|author=Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (Centre for Sociological Research)|title=Macrobarómetro de octubre 2019, Banco de datos|date=October 2019|page=160|access-date=17 December 2019|language=es|archive-date=14 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614123408/http://www.cis.es/cis/opencm/ES/1_encuestas/estudios/ver.jsp?estudio=14473&cuestionario=17452&muestra=24446|url-status=live}} The question was "¿Cómo se define Ud. en materia religiosa: católico/a practicante, católico/a no practicante, creyente de otra religion, agnóstico/a, indiferente o no creyente, o ateo/a?", the weight used was "PESOCCAA" which reflects the population sizes of the [[Autonomous communities of Spain]].</ref><ref name="WVS">{{cite web|title=WVS Database|url=http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSOnline.jsp|website=World Values Survey|publisher=Institute for Comparative Survey Research|date=March 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105141038/http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSOnline.jsp|archive-date=5 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="GallupInternational">{{cite news|title=Gallup International Religiosity Index|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/files/2015/04/WIN.GALLUP-INTERNATIONAL-RELIGIOUSITY-INDEX.pdf|newspaper=The Washington Post|publisher=WIN-Gallup International|date=April 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201065414/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/files/2015/04/WIN.GALLUP-INTERNATIONAL-RELIGIOUSITY-INDEX.pdf|archive-date=1 February 2016}}</ref>

The Spanish constitution enshrines [[secularism]] in governance, as well as freedom of religion or belief for all, saying that no religion should have a "state character", while allowing for the state to "cooperate" with religious groups.

[[Protestant]] churches have about 1,200,000 members.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ferede.org/general.php?pag=estad#1|title=Federación de Entidades Religiosas Evangélicas de España – FEREDE|publisher=Ferede.org|access-date=4 September 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930083055/http://www.ferede.org/general.php?pag=estad#1|archive-date=30 September 2011 }}</ref> There are about 105,000 [[Jehovah's Witnesses]]. [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] has approximately 46,000 adherents in 133 congregations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/country/spain|title=Spain – Newsroom|publisher=churchofjesuschrist.org|access-date=4 September 2010|archive-date=14 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614092620/https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/country/spain|url-status=live}}</ref>

A study made by the [[Union of Islamic Communities of Spain]] demonstrated that there were more than 2,100,000 inhabitants of Muslim background living in Spain {{As of|2019|lc=y}}, accounting for 4–5% of the total population of Spain. The vast majority was composed of immigrants and descendants originating from the [[Maghreb]] (especially [[Morocco]]) and other African countries. More than 879,000 (42%) of them had Spanish nationality.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Los musulmanes en España superan por primera vez los 2 millones de personas|journal=El Heraldo|url=https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/nacional/2020/02/18/musulmanes-espana-superan-primera-vez-2-millones-personas-1359544.html|date=September 2020|access-date=30 September 2020|archive-date=4 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004014226/https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/nacional/2020/02/18/musulmanes-espana-superan-primera-vez-2-millones-personas-1359544.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Judaism]] was practically non-existent in Spain from the 1492 expulsion until the 19th century, when Jews were again permitted to enter the country. Currently there are around 62,000 Jews in Spain, or 0.14% of the total population.