Editing Modafinil (section)

===Sports===
The regulation of modafinil as a [[Doping in sport|doping agent]] has been controversial in the sporting world, with high-profile cases attracting press coverage since several prominent American athletes tested positive for the substance. Some athletes who used modafinil protested that the drug was not on the prohibited list at the time of their offenses.<ref name="The World Anti-Doping Code International Standard-2017">{{cite book | publisher = World Anti-Doping Agency |title=The World Anti-Doping Code: International Standard |chapter=Prohibited List 2018 |chapter-url=https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/prohibited_list_2018_en.pdf |url=https://www.wada-ama.org/en/content/what-is-prohibited |date=September 5, 2017 |access-date=January 12, 2022 |archive-date=July 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703232308/https://www.wada-ama.org/en/content/what-is-prohibited |url-status=live }}</ref> However, the [[World Anti-Doping Agency]] (WADA) maintains that modafinil was related to already-banned substances. The Agency added modafinil to its list of prohibited substances on August 3, 2004, ten days before the start of the [[2004 Summer Olympics]].<ref name="mdpi-advanced-mass-spectrometry">{{Cite journal|title=Citius, Altius, Fortius—Advanced Mass Spectrometry in Service of Forensic Analysis| vauthors = Grocholska P, Popiel D, Walter M, Biernat M, Cebrat M, Kuczer M, Modzel M, Bąchor R, Kluczyk A |date=August 2022 |journal=Chemosensors |volume=10 |issue=8 |pages=324 |doi=10.3390/chemosensors10080324 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Several athletes, such as sprinter [[Kelli White]] in 2003,<ref name="Nazzaro-2013">{{cite news |vauthors=Nazzaro MN |date=August 17, 2013 |title=Out of Track's Doping Scandal, Redemption and Progress |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/18/sports/olympics/out-of-a-doping-scandal-redemption-for-Kelli-White-and-progress-for-track.html |access-date=December 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203143118/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/18/sports/olympics/out-of-a-doping-scandal-redemption-for-Kelli-White-and-progress-for-track.html |url-status=live }}</ref> cyclist [[David Clinger]]<ref name="www.cyclingnews.com-2011">{{cite news |url=http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/clinger-given-lifetime-ban-for-second-doping-infraction |title=Clinger given lifetime ban for second doping infraction |publisher=Cycling News |date=August 14, 2011 |access-date=October 8, 2014 |archive-date=October 13, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013173114/http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/clinger-given-lifetime-ban-for-second-doping-infraction |url-status=live }}</ref> and basketball player [[Diana Taurasi]]<ref name="The Washington Post-2010">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/24/AR2010122402993.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |title=Taurasi tested positive for modafinil |date=December 25, 2010 |access-date=December 31, 2013 |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006091440/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/24/AR2010122402993.html |url-status=live }}</ref> in 2010, and rower Timothy Grant in 2015,<ref name="The Guardian-2015">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2015/nov/23/british-rowers-handed-two-year-bans-doping-violations-sybren-hoogland-timothy-grant|title=British rowers handed two-year bans for taking banned substances|date=November 23, 2015|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=December 15, 2016|archive-date=July 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709214752/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2015/nov/23/british-rowers-handed-two-year-bans-doping-violations-sybren-hoogland-timothy-grant|url-status=live}}</ref> were accused of using modafinil as a performance-enhancing [[doping (sport)|doping]] agent. Taurasi and another player—Monique Coker, tested at the same lab—were later cleared.<ref name="Voepel-2011">{{cite web |url=https://www.espn.com/wnba/columns/story?columnist=voepel_mechelle&id=6135920 |vauthors=Voepel M |title=Taurasi: 'I've lost 3 months of my career' |date=February 18, 2011 |access-date=April 11, 2011 |archive-date=October 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006020737/http://sports.espn.go.com/wnba/columns/story?columnist=voepel_mechelle&id=6135920 |url-status=live }}</ref> Kelli White, who tested positive after her 100m victory at the 2003 World Championships in Paris, was stripped of her gold medals.<ref name="news.bbc.co.uk-2003">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/athletics/world_athletics_2003/3077070.stm|title=White guilty of doping|date=September 9, 2003|via=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=November 15, 2023|archive-date=November 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115164109/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/athletics/world_athletics_2003/3077070.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> She claimed that she used modafinil to treat narcolepsy, but the [[International Association of Athletics Federations]] (IAAF) ruled that modafinil was a performance-enhancing drug.<ref name="news.bbc.co.uk-2003"/>

The [[BALCO]] scandal brought to light an unsubstantiated (but widely published) account of Major League Baseball's all-time leading home-run hitter [[Barry Bonds]]' supplemental chemical regimen that included modafinil in addition to [[anabolic steroid]]s and [[human growth hormone]].<ref name="CBC-News-2006">{{cite news|title=Book alleges Bonds's drug use|work=CBC News|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/baseball/book-alleges-bonds-s-drug-use-1.605000|date=March 7, 2006|accessdate=January 27, 2024|archive-date=January 27, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127204646/https://www.cbc.ca/sports/baseball/book-alleges-bonds-s-drug-use-1.605000|url-status=live}}</ref>