Editing Mexico City (section)

=== Art ===
{{Main|Mexican art}}
[[File:Al benemerito Benito Juarez, Ciudad de México MEX.jpg|thumb|Monument "To the Meritorious [[Benito Juárez]]", Mexico City]]

Secular works of art of this period include the [[equestrian statue|equestrian sculpture]] of [[Charles IV of Spain]], locally known as ''El Caballito'' ("The little horse"). This piece, in bronze, was the work of [[Manuel Tolsá]] and it has been placed at the [[Plaza Tolsá]], in front of the [[Palacio de Mineria]] (Mining Palace). Directly in front of this building is the [[Museo Nacional de Arte]] (Munal) (the National Museum of Art).

[[File:ReceptHallMUNAL.JPG|thumb|left|upright|Receptions Hall at the [[Museo Nacional de Arte]]]]
During the 19th century, an important producer of art was the [[Academy of San Carlos|Academia de San Carlos]] (San Carlos Art Academy), founded during colonial times, and which later became the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas (the [[National School of Arts (UNAM)|National School of Arts]]) including painting, sculpture and graphic design, one of UNAM's [[art school]]s. Many of the works produced by the students and faculty of that time are now displayed in the Museo Nacional de San Carlos ([[National Museum of San Carlos]]). One of the students, [[José María Velasco Gómez|José María Velasco]], is considered one of the greatest Mexican landscape painters of the 19th century. [[Porfirio Díaz]]'s regime sponsored arts, especially those that followed the French school. Popular arts in the form of cartoons and illustrations flourished, e.g. those of [[José Guadalupe Posada]] and [[Manuel Manilla]]. The permanent collection of the San Carlos Museum also includes paintings by European masters such as Rembrandt, Velázquez, Murillo, and Rubens.

[[File:Monument to Lázaro Cárdenas (outstretched hand welcoming Spanish immigrants), Parque España, col. Condesa, Condesa, Mexico City.jpg|thumb|right|Monument to [[Lázaro Cárdenas]] (outstretched hand welcoming Spanish immigrants), [[Parque España (Mexico City)|Parque España]]]]

After the [[Mexican Revolution]], an [[avant-garde]] [[art movement|artistic movement]] originated in Mexico City: [[mural]]ism. Many of the works of muralists [[José Clemente Orozco]], [[David Alfaro Siqueiros]] and [[Diego Rivera]] are displayed in numerous buildings in the city, most notably at the [[National Palace (Mexico)|National Palace]] and the [[Palacio de Bellas Artes]]. [[Frida Kahlo]], wife of Rivera, with a strong nationalist expression, was also one of the most renowned of Mexican painters. Her house has become a museum that displays many of her works.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.museofridakahlo.org.mx/en/the-blue-house/#back-top|title=The Blue House – Frida Kahlo Museum|website=www.museofridakahlo.org.mx|language=en-US|access-date=2 October 2018|archive-date=2 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002102344/http://www.museofridakahlo.org.mx/en/the-blue-house/#back-top|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The former home of Rivera muse [[Dolores Olmedo]] houses the namesake museum. The facility is in Xochimilco borough in southern Mexico City and includes several buildings surrounded by sprawling manicured lawns. It houses a large collection of Rivera and Kahlo paintings and drawings, as well as living ''Xoloizcuintles'' ([[Mexican Hairless Dog]]). It also regularly hosts small but important temporary exhibits of classical and [[modern art]] (e.g. Venetian Masters and Contemporary New York artists).

During the 20th century, many artists immigrated to Mexico City from different regions of Mexico, such as [[Leopoldo Méndez]], an engraver from Veracruz, who supported the creation of the socialist Taller de la Gráfica Popular ([[Popular Graphics Workshop]]), designed to help [[Blue-collar worker|blue-collar]] workers find a venue to express their art. Other painters came from abroad, such as [[Catalonia|Catalan]] painter [[Remedios Varo]] and other Spanish and Jewish exiles. It was in the second half of the 20th century that the artistic movement began to drift apart from the Revolutionary theme. [[José Luis Cuevas]] opted for a modernist style in contrast to the muralist movement associated with social politics.