Editing Manhattan (section)

==Housing==
[[File:Court of first model tenement house in New York, 72nd Street and First Avenue, Manhattan (NYPL b13668355-482804).jpg|thumb|upright|Tenement houses in 1936]]

The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the [[Lower East Side]], densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. [[Tenement]]s were usually five stories high, constructed on the then-typical {{convert|25|by|100|ft}} lots, with "cockroach landlords" exploiting the new immigrants.<ref>[http://www.upress.umn.edu/sles/Chapter2/ch2-3.html Building the Lower East Side Ghetto]. Accessed April 30, 2007. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708123315/http://www.upress.umn.edu/sles/Chapter2/ch2-3.html |date=July 8, 2011 }}</ref><ref name=NYTTenements>Peterson, Iver. [https://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/03/realestate/tenements-of-1880-s-adapt-to-1980-s.html "Tenements of 1880s Adapt to 1980s"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328065349/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/03/realestate/tenements-of-1880-s-adapt-to-1980-s.html |date=March 28, 2019 }}, ''[[The New York Times]]'', January 3, 1988. Accessed June 30, 2009. "Usually five stories tall and built on a {{convert|25|ft|m|adj=on}} lot, their exteriors are hung with fire escapes and the interiors are laid out long and narrow—in fact, the apartments were dubbed railroad flats."</ref> By 1929, a new [[building code|housing code]] effectively ended construction of tenements, though some survive today on the East Side of the borough.<ref name=NYTTenements/> Conversely, there were also areas with luxury apartment developments, the first of which was [[the Dakota]] on the [[Upper West Side]].<ref name="spt19880110">{{cite news|date=January 10, 1988|title=Apartment building home to stars|page=14|access-date=December 3, 2020|work=St. Petersburg Times|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/262558060|id={{ProQuest|262558060}}|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

Manhattan offers a wide array of private housing, as well as public housing, which is administered by the [[New York City Housing Authority]] (NYCHA). Affordable rental and co-operative housing units throughout the borough were created under the [[Mitchell–Lama Housing Program]].<ref>[https://www.nyc.gov/site/hpd/services-and-information/mitchell-lama-program.page Mitchell-Lama], [[New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development]]. Accessed January 5, 2024.</ref> There were 928,714 housing units in 2023<ref name=QuickFacts/> at an average density of {{convert|40,988|/mi2|/km2|adj=pre|units&nbsp;}}. {{As of|2003}}, only 24.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, after the Bronx.<ref name=OwnerOccupied>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070204005223/http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Products/Ranking/2003/R21T050.htm Percent of Occupied Housing Units That are Owner-occupied], United States Census Bureau. Accessed February 15, 2015.</ref> Public housing administered by NYCHA accounts for nearly 100,000 residents in more than 50,000 units in 2023.<ref>[https://www.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/NYCHA-Fact-Sheet-2023.pdf#page=4 ''NYCHA 2023 Fact Sheet''], [[New York City Housing Authority]], April 2023. Accessed January 5, 2024. Public Housing Borough Breakdown: Manhattan: 79 developments with 50,220 apartments and 99,777 residents"</ref> Completed in 1935, the [[First Houses]] in the [[East Village, Manhattan|East Village]] were one of the country's first publicly-funded low-income housing projects.<ref>Apmann, Sarah Bean. [https://www.villagepreservation.org/2015/12/03/landmarks-50-first-houses/ "Landmarks of New York: First Houses"], Village Preservation Blog, December 3, 2015. Accessed January 7, 2024. "On December 3, 1935, First Houses were dedicated and opened, the first housing project undertaken by the then-recently established New York City Housing Authority and the first publicly-funded low-income housing project in the nation. The groundbreaking development was made a New York City landmark on November 12, 1974."</ref><ref>Price, Richard. [https://www.guernicamag.com/the-rise-and-fall-of-public-housing-in-nyc/ "The Rise and Fall of Public Housing in NYC; A subjective overview."], ''[[Guernica (magazine)|Guernica]]'', October 1, 2014. Accessed January 7, 2024. "In 1935, the first public housing complex in New York, prosaically christened First Houses, (landmarked since 1974) on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, offered 122 apartments featuring oak wood floors and brass fixtures. The rent, adjusted to each family's monthly income, ranged from five to seven dollars."</ref> At $2,024 in 2022, Manhattan has the highest average cost for rent of any county in the US, although a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.<ref name=name>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/real_estate/2010/10/21/2010-10-21_forbes_study_new_york_not_that_tough_to_rent_in_compared_to_other_cities_.html|title=NYDaily News: Rent too damn high?-news|access-date=October 26, 2010|location=New York|first=Jeremy B.|last=White|date=October 21, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101025112914/http://www.nydailynews.com/real_estate/2010/10/21/2010-10-21_forbes_study_new_york_not_that_tough_to_rent_in_compared_to_other_cities_.html|archive-date=October 25, 2010|url-status=live}}</ref>

Manhattan's real estate market for luxury housing continues to be among the most expensive in the world,<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/morganbrennan/2013/03/22/the-worlds-most-expensive-cities-for-luxury-real-estate|title=The World's Most Expensive Cities for Luxury Real Estate|author=Morgan Brennan|magazine=Forbes|date=March 22, 2013|access-date=June 16, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703011813/http://www.forbes.com/sites/morganbrennan/2013/03/22/the-worlds-most-expensive-cities-for-luxury-real-estate/|archive-date=July 3, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> and Manhattan residential property continues to have the highest sale price per square foot in the United States.<ref name="ManhattanPricePerSquareFoot">[https://www.redfin.com/city/35948/NY/Manhattan Manhattan, NY Homes for Sale] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815104855/https://www.redfin.com/city/35948/NY/Manhattan|date=August 15, 2018}}, Redfin. Accessed January 31, 2018.</ref> Manhattan's apartments cost {{convert|1773|$/ft2|$/m2}}, compared to San Francisco housing at {{convert|1,185|$/ft2|$/m2}}, Boston housing at {{convert|751|$/ft2|$/m2}}, and Los Angeles housing at {{convert|451|$/ft2|$/m2}}.<ref>{{cite web | last=Warerkar | first=Tanay | title=Manhattan's average price per square foot surpasses that of other major U.S. cities | website=Curbed NY | date=August 21, 2017 | url=https://ny.curbed.com/2017/8/21/16179926/manhattan-average-square-foot-price | access-date=April 2, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425191357/https://ny.curbed.com/2017/8/21/16179926/manhattan-average-square-foot-price | archive-date=April 25, 2020 | url-status=live }}</ref> As of the fourth quarter of 2021, the median value of homes in Manhattan was $1,306,208, second highest among US counties.<ref>{{Cite web |title=County Median Home Price |url=https://www.nar.realtor/research-and-statistics/housing-statistics/county-median-home-prices-and-monthly-mortgage-payment |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220420122337/https://www.nar.realtor/research-and-statistics/housing-statistics/county-median-home-prices-and-monthly-mortgage-payment |archive-date=April 20, 2022 |access-date=April 14, 2022 |website=National Association of Realtors |date=January 4, 2019 }}</ref>