Editing Liverpool (section)

==Landmarks==
{{Main|Architecture of Liverpool|Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City}}
{{See also|List of tallest buildings and structures in Liverpool|List of public art in Liverpool}}
[[File:Three Graces, Liverpool.jpg|thumb|right|Liverpool's Three Graces, the [[Royal Liver Building]], [[Cunard Building]] and [[Port of Liverpool Building]] at the [[Pier Head]]]]
Liverpool's long commercial history has given rise to a considerable variety of [[architectural style]]s found within the city, ranging from 16th century [[Tudor architecture|Tudor buildings]] to modern-day [[contemporary architecture]].<ref name="Hughes (1999), p10">{{harvnb|Hughes|1999|p=10 }}</ref> The majority of buildings in the city date from the late-18th century onwards, the period during which the city grew into one of the foremost powers in the [[British Empire]].<ref name="Hughes (1999), p11">{{harvnb|Hughes|1999|p=11 }}</ref> There are over [[Listed buildings in Liverpool|2,500 listed buildings]] in Liverpool, of which 27 are Grade I listed<ref>{{cite web|title=Grade I listing for synagogue|publisher=BBC|date=3 March 2008|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2008/03/03/faith_synagogue_feature.shtml|access-date=11 July 2009|archive-date=21 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621070748/http://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2008/03/03/faith_synagogue_feature.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> and 85 are Grade II* listed.<ref>{{cite web|title=Listed buildings|publisher=Liverpool City Council|url=http://www.liverpool.gov.uk/Environment/Land_and_premises/Conservation/Listed_buildings/index.asp|access-date=21 September 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081017074148/http://www.liverpool.gov.uk/Environment/Land_and_premises/Conservation/Listed_buildings/index.asp|archive-date=17 October 2008}}</ref> The city also has a greater number of public sculptures than any other location in the United Kingdom aside from [[City of Westminster|Westminster]] and significant number of Georgian houses still exist.<ref>{{cite web|title=Historic Britain: Liverpool|publisher=HistoricBritain.com|url=http://www.historicbritain.com/results.aspx?showmessage=true&location=liverpool&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1|access-date=13 July 2009|archive-date=18 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718154044/http://www.historicbritain.com/results.aspx?showmessage=true&location=liverpool&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Merseyside Facts|publisher=The Mersey Partnership|year=2009|url=http://www.merseyside.org.uk/displaypage.asp?page=40|access-date=13 July 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070919203531/http://www.merseyside.org.uk/displaypage.asp?page=40|archive-date=19 September 2007}}</ref> This richness of architecture has subsequently seen Liverpool described by [[English Heritage]], as England's finest Victorian city.<ref>{{cite news|title=Heritage map for changing city|publisher=BBC News|date=19 March 2002|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1881661.stm|access-date=11 July 2009|archive-date=30 June 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060630164424/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1881661.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

The value of Liverpool's architecture and design was recognised in 2004, when several areas throughout the city were declared a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]]. Known as the [[Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City]], the sites were added in recognition of the city's role in the development of [[international trade]] and [[dock (maritime)|docking]] technology.<ref>{{cite web|title=Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1150|access-date=26 May 2008|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806225950/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1150|url-status=live}}</ref> However, this status was revoked in July 2021, when UNESCO resolved that recent and proposed developments, such as the [[Bramley-Moore Dock Stadium]] and [[Liverpool Waters]] projects, had resulted in the "serious deterioration" of the area's significance.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-57879475 "Liverpool stripped of Unesco World Heritage status",  News$4, 21 July 2021] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724114404/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-57879475 |date=24 July 2021 }}. Retrieved 21 July 2021</ref>

===Waterfront and docks===
[[File:Liverpool Waterfront (2023).jpg|thumb|The Liverpool Waterfront with the [[Port of Liverpool Building]], [[Museum of Liverpool]], [[Royal Albert Dock, Liverpool|Royal Albert Dock]] and [[Wheel of Liverpool]] all visible]]
[[File:Tall buildings on Liverpool Waterfront.jpg|thumb|Modern office and commercial developments on the Liverpool Waterfront]]
As a major British port, the docks in Liverpool have historically been central to the city's development. Several major docking firsts have occurred in the city including the construction of the world's first enclosed [[wet dock]] (the [[Old Dock]]) in 1715 and the first ever [[hydraulic]] lifting [[crane (machine)|cranes]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jones|first=Ron|title=Albert Dock, Liverpool|publisher=R.J. Associates Ltd|year=2004|page=46}}</ref> The best-known dock in Liverpool is the [[Royal Albert Dock, Liverpool|Royal Albert Dock]], which was constructed in 1846 and today comprises the largest single collection of Grade I listed buildings anywhere in Britain.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://arts.guardian.co.uk/cityofculture2008/story/0,,950372,00.html|title=Glory of Greece, grandeur of Rome&nbsp;... and docks of Liverpool|work=Guardian Unlimited|date=7 March 2003|first=Helen|last=Carter|access-date=27 March 2007|location=London|archive-date=30 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930080835/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2003/mar/07/europeancityofculture2008.arts|url-status=live}}</ref> Built under the guidance of [[Jesse Hartley]], it was considered to be one of the most advanced docks anywhere in the world upon completion and is often attributed with helping the city to become one of the most important ports in the world. Today, the Royal Albert Dock houses restaurants, bars, shops, two hotels as well as the [[Merseyside Maritime Museum]], [[International Slavery Museum]], [[Tate Liverpool]] and [[The Beatles Story]]. North of the city centre is [[Stanley Dock]], home to the [[Stanley Dock Tobacco Warehouse]], which was at the time of its construction in 1901, the world's largest building in terms of area<ref name="Nicholls, p38">{{harvnb|Nicholls|2005|p=38 }}</ref> and today stands as the world's largest brick-work building.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/docks/access/theme10.html#sta|title=Trading Places: A History of Liverpool Docks (Stanley Dock)|website=Liverpool Museums|access-date=12 April 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028185038/http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/nof/docks/access/theme10.html|archive-date=28 October 2008}}</ref>

One of the most famous locations in Liverpool is the [[Pier Head]], renowned for the trio of buildings – the [[Royal Liver Building]], the [[Cunard Building]] and the [[Port of Liverpool Building]] – which sit upon it. Collectively referred to as the ''Three Graces'', these buildings stand as a testament to the great wealth in the city during the late 19th and early 20th century. Built in a variety of architectural styles, they are recognised as being the symbol of 'maritime Liverpool' and are regarded by many as contributing to one of the most impressive waterfronts in the world.<ref>{{harvnb|Liverpool City Council|2005|p=49 }}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Moscardini|2008|p=10 }}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Nicholls|2005|p=11 }}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sharples|2004|p=67 }}</ref>

In the 21st century, several areas along Liverpool's waterfront have undergone significant redevelopment. Among the notable developments are the [[Museum of Liverpool]], the construction of the [[Liverpool Arena]], [[ACC Liverpool]] and [[Exhibition Centre Liverpool]] on [[King's Dock, Port of Liverpool|King's Dock]], [[Alexandra Tower, Liverpool|Alexandra Tower]] and [[1 Princes Dock]] on [[Prince's Dock, Liverpool|Prince's Dock]] and [[Liverpool Marina]] around [[Coburg Dock|Coburg]] and [[Brunswick Dock]]s. [[The Wheel of Liverpool]] opened on 25 March 2010.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Stewart|first1=Gary|title=Will Liverpool get its very own London Eye?|url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-news/local-news/2009/10/01/will-liverpool-get-its-very-own-london-eye-100252-24824011/2/|website=[[Liverpool Echo]]|publisher=([[Trinity Mirror]])|access-date=24 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013054338/http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-news/local-news/2009/10/01/will-liverpool-get-its-very-own-london-eye-100252-24824011/2/|archive-date=13 October 2012|date=1 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Miles|first1=Tina|title=Liverpool Echo wheel of Liverpool – get VIP tickets for launch day|url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/liverpool-echo-wheel-liverpool---3428165|website=[[Liverpool Echo]]|publisher=([[Trinity Mirror]])|access-date=24 July 2016|date=11 March 2010|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515192649/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/liverpool-echo-wheel-liverpool---3428165|url-status=live}}</ref>

However, plans to redevelop parts of [[Liverpool city centre]] have been marred by [[controversy]]. In December 2016, a newly formed company called [[North Point Global Ltd.]] was given the rights to develop part of the docks under the "New Chinatown" working name. Though heavily advertised in Liverpool, Hong Kong and Chinese cities with high-profile advertisements and videos, the "New Chinatown" development failed to materialise.<ref name="at">{{cite news|last1=Cook|first1=Richard|title=How Liverpool's 'New Chinatown' became black hole for Asian money|url=https://asiatimes.com/article/liverpools-new-chinatown-became-black-hole-asian-money/|access-date=16 March 2018|publisher=Asia Times|date=31 August 2017}}</ref> In January 2018, the ''[[Liverpool Echo]]'' and ''[[Asia Times]]'' revealed that the site remained sans any construction. North Point Global as well as its subcontractor "Bilt" had both declared bankruptcy, and the small investors (mostly middle class couples) who had already paid money for the apartments had lost most of their savings in them.<ref name="echo">{{cite news|last1=Houghton|first1=Alistair|title=New Chinatown site is a 'disgrace' with rats and litter say furious residents|url=https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/newsliverpool/new-chinatown-site-is-a-disgrace-with-rats-and-litter-say-furious-residents/ar-AAuXUiA|access-date=16 March 2018|newspaper=Liverpool Echo|date=21 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316214124/https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/newsliverpool/new-chinatown-site-is-a-disgrace-with-rats-and-litter-say-furious-residents/ar-AAuXUiA|archive-date=16 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Commercial district and cultural quarter===
[[File:St Georges Hall Liverpool 3 (6727529617).jpg|thumb|[[St George's Hall, Liverpool|St George's Hall]]]]
[[File:Municipal Buildings, Liverpool.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|[[Municipal Buildings, Liverpool|Municipal Buildings]]]]
Liverpool's historic position as one of the most important trading ports in the world has meant that over time many grand buildings have been constructed in the city as headquarters for shipping firms, insurance companies, banks and other large firms. The great wealth this brought then allowed for the development of grand civic buildings, which were designed to allow the local administrators to 'run the city with pride'.<ref name="Liverpool City of Architecture">{{harvnb|Hughes|1999 }}</ref>

The [[commercial district]] is centred on the [[Castle Street, Liverpool|Castle Street]], [[Dale Street]] and Old Hall Street areas of the city, with many of the area's roads still following their [[England in the Middle Ages|medieval]] layout. Having developed predominantly over a period of three centuries, the area is regarded as one of the most important architectural locations in the city, as recognised by its inclusion in Liverpool's [[Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City|former World Heritage site]].<ref>{{harvnb|Liverpool City Council|2005|p=73 }}</ref>

The oldest building in the area is the [[Grade I]] [[listed building|listed]] [[Liverpool Town Hall]], which is located at the top of Castle Street and dates from 1754. Often regarded as the city's finest piece of [[Georgian architecture]], the building is known as one of the most extravagantly decorated civic buildings anywhere in Britain.<ref name="Liverpool City Council (2005), p74">{{harvnb|Liverpool City Council|2005|p=74 }}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sharples|2004|p=48 }}</ref> Also on Castle Street is the Grade I listed [[Bank of England, Liverpool|Bank of England Building]], constructed between 1845 and 1848, as one of only three provincial branches of the [[Bank of England|national bank]].<ref name="Liverpool City Council (2005), p74"/> Among the other buildings in the area are the [[Tower Buildings, Liverpool|Tower Buildings]], [[Albion House, Liverpool|Albion House]] (the former [[White Star Line]] headquarters), the [[Municipal Buildings, Liverpool|Municipal Buildings]] and [[Oriel Chambers]],<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_pQPhVWNTY Manchester School of Architecture video] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029112630/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_pQPhVWNTY |date=29 October 2013 }} YouTube</ref> which is considered to be one of the earliest [[Modernist]] style buildings ever built.<ref>{{cite web|title=Oriel Chambers|publisher=Liverpool Architectural Society|url=http://www.liverpoolarchitecture.com/tours/buildings/building.php?id=25|access-date=14 July 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080922062904/http://www.liverpoolarchitecture.com/tours/buildings/building.php?id=25|archive-date=22 September 2008}}</ref>

The area around [[William Brown Street]] is referred to as the city's 'Cultural Quarter', owing to the presence of numerous civic buildings, including the [[William Brown Library]], [[Walker Art Gallery]], [[Picton Reading Room and Hornby Library|Picton Reading Rooms]] and [[World Museum Liverpool]]. The area is dominated by [[neo-classical architecture]], of which the most prominent, [[St. George's Hall, Liverpool|St George's Hall]],<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPHvynh3GQg&feature=PlayList&p=DC9B6CD6A63D327E&index=30 Manchester School of Architecture video] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029112643/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPHvynh3GQg&feature=PlayList&p=DC9B6CD6A63D327E&index=30 |date=29 October 2013 }} YouTube</ref> is widely regarded as the best example of a neo-classical building anywhere in Europe.<ref>{{harvnb|Liverpool City Council|2005|p=87 }}</ref> A Grade I listed building, it was constructed between 1840 and 1855 to serve a variety of civic functions in the city and its doors are inscribed with "[[SPQR|S.P.Q.L.]]" (Latin ''senatus populusque Liverpudliensis''), meaning "the senate and people of Liverpool". William Brown Street is also home to numerous public monuments and sculptures, including [[Wellington's Column]] and the [[Steble Fountain]]. Many others are located around the area, particularly in [[St John's Gardens, Liverpool|St John's Gardens]], which was specifically developed for this purpose.<ref>{{harvnb|Liverpool City Council|2005|p=93 }}</ref> The William Brown Street area has been likened to a modern recreation of the [[Roman Forum]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00tq3zz|title=People's Palaces: The Golden Age of Civic Architecture – BBC Four|publisher=BBC|access-date=18 January 2018|archive-date=29 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429225451/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00tq3zz|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Other notable landmarks===
[[File:Speke Hall, Liverpool.jpg|thumb|right|[[Speke Hall]] [[Tudor style architecture|Tudor]] [[manor house]] is one of Liverpool's oldest buildings.]]
[[File:Liverpool Anglican Cathedral from St John's Beacon 2.jpg|thumb|right|[[Liverpool Cathedral]], the largest cathedral in the UK]]
[[File:Sefton Park Palm House, Liverpool - geograph.org.uk - 2129921.jpg|thumb|right|[[Sefton Park]] Palm House]]
While the majority of Liverpool's architecture dates from the mid-18th century onwards, there are several buildings that pre-date this time. One of the oldest surviving buildings is [[Speke Hall]], a [[Tudor style architecture|Tudor]] [[manor house]] located in the south of the city, which was completed in 1598.<ref>{{harvnb|Hughes|1999|p=20 }}</ref> The building is one of the few remaining [[timber framed]] Tudor houses left in the [[north of England]] and is particularly noted for its [[Victorian decorative arts|Victorian]] interiors, which were added in the mid-19th century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cousens|first=Belinda Cousins|title=Speke Hall|publisher=[[National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty|National Trust]]|year=2006|page=5}}</ref> In addition to Speke Hall, many of the city's other oldest surviving buildings are also former [[manor house]]s including [[Croxteth Hall]] and [[Woolton Hall]], which were completed in 1702 and 1704 respectively.<ref>{{harvnb|Hughes|1999|p=22 }}</ref>

The oldest building within the city centre is the [[Grade I]] [[listed building|listed]] [[Bluecoat Chambers]],<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8BC74oUqrrU Manchester School of Architecture video] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724211236/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8BC74oUqrrU |date=24 July 2013 }} YouTube</ref> which was built between 1717 and 1718. Constructed in British [[Queen Anne style architecture]],<ref name="Liverpool City Council 2005 p97">{{harvnb|Liverpool City Council|2005|p=97 }}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Hughes|1999|p=23 }}</ref> the building was influenced in part by the work of [[Christopher Wren]]<ref>{{harvnb|Sharples|2004|p=7 }}</ref> and was originally the home of the [[Liverpool Blue Coat School|Bluecoat School]] (who later moved to a larger site in [[Wavertree]] in the south of the city). Since 1908, it has acted as a centre for arts in Liverpool.<ref name="Liverpool City Council 2005 p97"/>

Liverpool is noted for having two Cathedrals, each of which imposes over the landscape around it.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Cathedrals of Britain: Liverpool's Cathedrals|publisher=BBC|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/architecture_cathedral_08.shtml|access-date=15 July 2009|archive-date=30 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090130071135/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/architecture_cathedral_08.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Liverpool Cathedral|Anglican Cathedral]], which was constructed between 1904 and 1978, is the largest Cathedral in Britain<ref>{{Cite book|last=Brooks|first=John|author2=Crampton, Malcolm|title=Liverpool Cathedral|publisher=Jarold Publishing|year=2007|page=2}}</ref> and the [[List of largest church buildings in the world|fifth largest in the world]]. Designed and built in [[Gothic style]], it is regarded as one of the greatest buildings to have been constructed during the 20th century<ref>{{harvnb|Sharples|2004|p=83 }}</ref> and was described by former British [[Poet Laureate]], [[John Betjeman]], as "one of the great buildings of the world".<ref>{{cite web|title=Liverpool Cathedral|publisher=VisitLiverpool.com|url=http://www.visitliverpool.com/site/liverpool-anglican-cathedral-p9023|access-date=15 July 2009|archive-date=19 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719170140/http://www.visitliverpool.com/site/liverpool-anglican-cathedral-p9023|url-status=live}}</ref> The Roman Catholic [[Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral|Metropolitan Cathedral]] was constructed between 1962 and 1967 and is known as one of the first cathedrals to break the traditional longitudinal design.<ref>{{harvnb|Sharples|2004|p=73 }}</ref>

In the 21st century, many parts of Liverpool's city centre have undergone significant redevelopment and regeneration after years of decline. So far, the largest of these developments has been [[Liverpool One]], which saw almost £1&nbsp;billion invested in the redevelopment of {{convert|42|acre|ha|abbr=off}} of land, providing new retail, commercial, residential and leisure space.<ref>{{cite web|title=Key Facts|publisher=[[Grosvenor Group]]|url=http://www.liverpoolpsda.co.uk/ProjectOverview/keyfacts.htm|access-date=14 June 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090611095659/http://www.liverpoolpsda.co.uk/ProjectOverview/keyfacts.htm|archive-date=11 June 2009}}</ref> Around the north of the city centre, several new skyscrapers have also been constructed including the [[RIBA]] award-winning [[Unity Buildings]] and [[West Tower]], which at 140m is [[List of tallest buildings and structures in Liverpool|Liverpool's tallest building]]. Many redevelopment schemes are also in progress including Circus,<ref>{{Cite web|title='Department store of experiences' lined up for Lewis's|url=https://www.placenorthwest.co.uk/department-store-of-experiences-lined-up-for-lewiss|access-date=8 October 2023|website=placenorthwest.co.uk|date=23 August 2023|archive-date=7 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907093836/https://www.placenorthwest.co.uk/department-store-of-experiences-lined-up-for-lewiss/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[King's Dock, Port of Liverpool|King's Dock]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=King's Dock set for "truly significant" waterfront development as new team appointed|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/kings-dock-set-truly-significant-26154117|access-date=8 October 2023|website=liverpoolecho.co.uk|date=6 February 2023|archive-date=2 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102184249/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/kings-dock-set-truly-significant-26154117|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Knowledge Quarter, Liverpool|Paddington Village]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Liverpool outlines intentions for £80m investment zone cash|url=https://www.placenorthwest.co.uk/liverpool-outlines-intentions-for-80m-investment-zone-cash|access-date=8 October 2023|website=placenorthwest.co.uk|date=31 August 2023|archive-date=5 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005112201/https://www.placenorthwest.co.uk/liverpool-outlines-intentions-for-80m-investment-zone-cash/|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Liverpool Waters]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peel L&P to refresh £5.5bn Liverpool Waters vision|url=https://www.placenorthwest.co.uk/peel-to-refresh-5-5bn-liverpool-waters-masterplan|access-date=8 October 2023|website=placenorthwest.co.uk|date=13 April 2023|archive-date=31 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230831151026/https://www.placenorthwest.co.uk/peel-to-refresh-5-5bn-liverpool-waters-masterplan/|url-status=live}}</ref>

There are many other notable buildings in Liverpool, including the [[art deco]] [[Crowne Plaza Liverpool John Lennon Airport Hotel|former terminal building]] of [[Liverpool John Lennon Airport|Speke Airport]], the [[University of Liverpool]]'s [[Victoria Building, University of Liverpool|Victoria Building]], (which provided the inspiration for the term ''[[Red Brick universities|Red Brick University]]''), and the [[Britannia Adelphi Hotel|Adelphi Hotel]], which was in the past considered to be one of the finest hotels anywhere in the world.<ref>{{cite web|last=Coslett|first=Paul|title=Once Upon a Time at the Adelphi|publisher=BBC|date=20 June 2008|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2008/06/20/once_upon_a_time_adelphi_feature.shtml|access-date=15 July 2009|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515191750/http://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2008/06/20/once_upon_a_time_adelphi_feature.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Parks and gardens===
The [[Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England]] describes [[Merseyside]]'s [[:Category:Parks and commons in Liverpool|Victorian Parks]] as collectively the "most important in the country".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/mcs/lfs/consultations/blandfordlet0205.pdf|title=Dr. Peter Brown, chair, Merseyside Civic Society|access-date=25 January 2009|archive-date=20 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920155812/http://www.liv.ac.uk/mcs/lfs/consultations/blandfordlet0205.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Liverpool has ten listed parks and cemeteries, including two Grade I and five Grade II*, more than any other English city apart from London.<ref>[http://www.liverpool.gov.uk/News/newsdetail_2910.asp Liverpool City Council] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304195958/http://www.liverpool.gov.uk/News/newsdetail_2910.asp |date=4 March 2009 }} ''News'', 23 February 2009</ref>