Editing Israeli settlement (section)

== Impact on peace process ==
{{Main|Israeli–Palestinian peace process}}
[[File:Ariel3.JPG|thumb| [[Ariel (city)|Ariel]], one of the four biggest settlements in the West Bank]]
[[File:Beitar Ilit.jpg|thumb|[[Betar Illit]], one of the four biggest settlements in the West Bank]]
[[File:MaaleAdumim7335.JPG|thumb|[[Ma'ale Adumim]], one of the four biggest settlements in the West Bank, industrial area, 2012]]
[[File:Kiryatsefer.jpg|thumb|[[Modi'in Illit]], one of the four biggest settlements in the West Bank]]
[[File:Trump Peace Plan Map.jpg|thumb|[[2020 Trump Israel–Palestine plan|Trump's peace plan]] for the creation of the [[State of Palestine]].]]
The settlements have been a source of tension between Israel and the U.S. [[Jimmy Carter]] regarded the settlements as illegal and tactically unwise. [[Ronald Reagan]] stated that they were legal but an obstacle to negotiations.<ref name=Rostow1>[[Eugene Rostow|Rostow, Eugene]]. {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100204104301/http://www.tzemachdovid.org/Facts/islegal2.shtml Bricks and stones: settling for leverage; Palestinian autonomy]}}, ''[[The New Republic]]'', 23 April 1990.</ref> In 1991, the U.S. delayed a subsidized loan to pressure Israel on the subject of settlement-building in the Jerusalem-Bethlehem corridor. In 2005, U.S. declared support for "the retention by Israel of major Israeli population centers as an outcome of negotiations,"<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4382343.stm 'US will accept Israel settlements'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312191029/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4382343.stm |date=12 March 2007 }}, BBC News Online, 25 March 2005.</ref> reflecting the statement by [[George W. Bush]] that a permanent peace treaty would have to reflect "demographic realities" in the West Bank.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4445839.stm 'UN Condemns Israeli settlements'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822064952/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4445839.stm |date=22 August 2006 }}, BBC News Online, 14 April 2005.</ref> In June 2009, Barack Obama said that the United States "does not accept the legitimacy of continued Israeli settlements."<ref>[https://huffingtonpost.com/2009/06/04/obama-speech-in-cairo-vid_n_211215.html 'Obama Speech In Cairo: VIDEO, Full Text'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190316183542/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/06/04/obama-speech-in-cairo-vid_n_211215.html |date=16 March 2019 }}, ''The Huffington Post'', 4 June 2009.</ref>

Palestinians claim that Israel has undermined the Oslo accords and peace process by continuing to expand the settlements. Settlements in the Sinai Peninsula were evacuated and razed in the wake of the peace agreement with [[Egypt]]. The 27 ministers of foreign affairs of the European Union published a report in May 2012 strongly denouncing policies of the State of Israel in the West Bank and finding that Israeli settlements in the West Bank are illegal and "threaten to make a two-state solution impossible."<ref name="haaretz.com" /> In the framework of the [[Oslo I Accord]] of 1993 between the Israeli government and the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO), a [[modus vivendi]] was reached whereby both parties agreed to postpone a final solution on the destination of the settlements to the permanent status negotiations (Article V.3). Israel claims that settlements thereby were not prohibited, since there is no explicit interim provision prohibiting continued settlement construction, the agreement does register an undertaking by both sides, namely that "Neither side shall initiate or take any step that will change the status of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip pending the outcome of the permanent status negotiations" (Article XXX1 (7)), which has been interpreted as, not forbidding settlements, but imposing severe restrictions on new settlement building after that date.<ref name="Jacques">Mélanie Jacques, ''Armed Conflict and Displacement: The Protection of Refugees and Displaced Persons Under International Humanitarian Law'', Cambridge University Press 2012 pp. 96–97.</ref> Melanie Jacques argued in this context that even 'agreements between Israel and the Palestinians which would allow settlements in the OPT, or simply tolerate them pending a settlement of the conflict, violate the Fourth Geneva Convention.'<ref name="Jacques" />

Final status proposals have called for retaining long-established communities along the [[Green Line (Israel)|Green Line]] and transferring the same amount of land in Israel to the Palestinian state. The Clinton administration [[The Clinton Parameters|proposed]] that Israel keep some settlements in the West Bank, especially those in large blocs near the pre-1967 borders of Israel, with the Palestinians receiving concessions of land in other parts of the country.<ref>[http://www.hanania.com/aaview/CD08-16-05DennisRoosBook.htm Review of Dennis Ross book] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927201743/http://www.hanania.com/aaview/CD08-16-05DennisRoosBook.htm |date=27 September 2007 }}, by Ray Hanania, hanania.com, 16 August 2004. Retrieved 11 July 2007.</ref> Both Clinton and [[Tony Blair]] pointed out the need for territorial and diplomatic compromise based on the validity of some of the claims of both sides.<ref>[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/clintplan.html Remarks by Pres. Clinton] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126065728/https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/clintplan.html |date=26 November 2015 }}, 7 January 2001. (Full transcript available at: [http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/meast/01/08/clinton.transcript/index.html cnn transcript] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206000431/http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/meast/01/08/clinton.transcript/index.html |date=6 December 2007 }})</ref><ref>[http://www.fco.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029391629&a=KArticle&aid=1079978882333 Tony Blair press conference] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927214104/http://www.fco.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029391629&a=KArticle&aid=1079978882333 |date=27 September 2007 }}, 17 April 2004, incl. comments on compromising on settlements, UK Foreign office. Retrieved 12 July 2007.</ref>

As Minister of Defense, Ehud Barak approved a plan requiring security commitments in exchange for withdrawal from the West Bank.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=186516|title=US may give Israel arms in exchange for concessions|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=22 November 2009|access-date=28 July 2016|archive-date=21 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021170914/http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=186516|url-status=live}}</ref> Barak also expressed readiness to cede parts of East Jerusalem and put the holy sites in the city under a "special regime."<ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/barak-israel-ready-to-cede-parts-of-jerusalem-in-peace-deal-1.311450 Barak: Israel ready to cede parts of Jerusalem in peace deal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901220301/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/barak-israel-ready-to-cede-parts-of-jerusalem-in-peace-deal-1.311450 |date=1 September 2010 }}, ''Haaretz''</ref>

On 14 June 2009, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, as an answer to U.S. President Barack Obama's speech in Cairo, delivered a speech setting out his principles for a Palestinian-Israeli peace, among others, he alleged "... we have no intention of building new settlements or of expropriating additional land for existing settlements."<ref>[http://middleeast.about.com/od/documents/a/netanyahu-peace-proposal_3.htm "Full Text: Netanyahu's Proposal for Palestinian-Israeli Peace (June 2009)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112021244/http://middleeast.about.com/od/documents/a/netanyahu-peace-proposal_3.htm |date=12 January 2011 }} A Demilitarized Palestinian State With Limited Sovereignty by Pierre Tristam, About.com Guide.</ref> In March 2010, the Netanyahu government announced plans for building 1,600 housing units in [[Ramat Shlomo]] across the Green Line in East Jerusalem during U.S. Vice President [[Joe Biden]]'s visit to Israel causing a diplomatic row.<ref name="h2010-03-17">{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1157087.html|title=Brazil President in West Bank: I dream of a free Palestine|date=17 March 2010|work=Haaretz|access-date=15 April 2011|archive-date=21 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100421212934/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1157087.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 6 September 2010, Jordanian King [[Abdullah II of Jordan|Abdullah II]] and Syrian President [[Bashar al-Assad]] said that Israel would need to withdraw from all of the lands occupied in 1967 in order to achieve peace with the Palestinians.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/jordan-and-syria-call-for-israeli-withdrawal-from-all-arab-lands-1.312585|title=Jordan and Syria call for Israeli withdrawal from all Arab lands|work=Haaretz|access-date=28 July 2016|archive-date=30 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730201531/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/jordan-and-syria-call-for-israeli-withdrawal-from-all-arab-lands-1.312585|url-status=live}}</ref>

Bradley Burston has said that a negotiated or unilateral withdraw from most of the settlements in the West Bank is gaining traction in Israel.<ref>Burston, Bradley [http://www.haaretz.com/blogs/a-special-place-in-hell/special-place-in-hell-breaking-israel-to-fix-it-rightists-rethink-holding-the-west-bank-1.314809?localLinksEnabled=false Special Place in Hell / Breaking Israel to fix it – rightists rethink holding the West Bank] ''Haaretz'', 20 September 2010</ref>

In November 2010, the United States offered to "fight against efforts to [[Delegitimization of Israel|delegitimize Israel]]" and provide extra arms to Israel in exchange for a continuation of the settlement freeze and a final peace agreement, but failed to come to an agreement with the Israelis on the exact terms.<ref>Ravid, Barak. [http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/u-s-we-ll-oppose-delegitimization-of-israel-in-exchange-for-settlement-freeze-1.324496?localLinksEnabled=false "U.S.: We'll oppose delegitimization of Israel in exchange for settlement freeze."] ''[[Haaretz]]'', 13 November 2010</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=195212|title=US asks Israel for 90-day settlement building moratorium|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=27 March 2008|access-date=28 July 2016|archive-date=21 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021090549/http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=195212|url-status=live}}</ref>

In December 2010, the United States criticised efforts by the Palestinian Authority to impose borders for the two states through the United Nations rather than through direct negotiations between the two sides.<ref>Barak Ravid and Shlomo Shamir [http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/u-s-criticizes-pa-bid-to-take-settlement-construction-to-un-1.332611?localLinksEnabled=false "U.S. criticizes PA bid to take settlement construction to UN."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130143646/http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/u-s-criticizes-pa-bid-to-take-settlement-construction-to-un-1.332611?localLinksEnabled=false |date=30 January 2012 }} ''[[Haaretz]]'', 24 December 2010.</ref> In February 2011, it [[United Nations Security Council veto power|vetoed]] a [[United Nations resolution on Israeli settlement activity, 2011|draft resolution]] to condemn all Jewish settlements established in the occupied Palestinian territory since 1967 as illegal.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Charbonneau, Louis|author2=Dunham, Will|title=U.S. vetoes U.N. draft condemning Israeli settlements|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-palestinians-israel-un-vote-idUSTRE71H6W720110218|date=18 February 2011|work=Reuters|access-date=20 February 2011|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924151308/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/18/us-palestinians-israel-un-vote-idUSTRE71H6W720110218|url-status=live}}</ref> The resolution, which was supported by all other Security Council members and co-sponsored by nearly 120 nations,<ref>{{cite news|title=Palestinian envoy: U.S. veto at UN 'encourages Israeli intransigence' on settlements|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/palestinian-envoy-u-s-veto-at-un-encourages-israeli-intransigence-on-settlements-1.344364|date=18 February 2011|newspaper=Haaretz|access-date=20 February 2011|archive-date=20 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220204326/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/palestinian-envoy-u-s-veto-at-un-encourages-israeli-intransigence-on-settlements-1.344364|url-status=live}}</ref> would have demanded that "Israel, as the occupying power, immediately and completely ceases all settlement activities in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem and that it fully respect its legal obligations in this regard."<ref name="unnews">{{cite news|title=United States vetoes Security Council resolution on Israeli settlements|url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=37572&Cr=palestin&Cr1=|date=18 February 2011|publisher=UN News Centre|access-date=20 February 2011|archive-date=22 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222084607/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=37572&Cr=palestin&Cr1=|url-status=live}}</ref> The U.S. [[Susan E. Rice|representative]] said that while it agreed that the settlements were illegal, the resolution would harm chances for negotiations.<ref name="unnews" /> Israel's deputy Foreign Minister, Daniel Ayalon, said that the "UN serves as a rubber stamp for the Arab countries and, as such, the General Assembly has an automatic majority," and that the vote "proved that the United States is the only country capable of advancing the peace process and the only righteous one speaking the truth: that direct talks between Israel and the Palestinians are required."<ref>{{cite news|title=Deputy FM: Anti-settlement vote proves UN is a 'rubber stamp' for Arab nations|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/deputy-fm-anti-settlement-vote-proves-un-is-a-rubber-stamp-for-arab-nations-1.344546|date=20 February 2011|newspaper=Haaretz|access-date=20 February 2011|archive-date=20 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220083538/http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/deputy-fm-anti-settlement-vote-proves-un-is-a-rubber-stamp-for-arab-nations-1.344546|url-status=live}}</ref> Palestinian negotiators, however, have refused to resume direct talks until Israel ceases all settlement activity.<ref name="unnews" />

In November 2009, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu issued a 10-month settlement freeze in the West Bank in an attempt to restart negotiations with the Palestinians. The freeze did not apply to building in Jerusalem in areas across the green line, housing already under construction and existing construction described as "essential for normal life in the settlements" such as synagogues, schools, kindergartens and public buildings. The Palestinians refused to negotiate without a complete halt to construction.<ref>{{cite web |last=Heruti |first=Tali |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/netanyahu-declares-10-month-settlement-freeze-to-restart-peace-talks-1.3435 |title=Netanyahu Declares 10-month Settlement Freeze 'To Restart Peace Talks' |work=Haaretz |date=2009-11-25 |access-date=2016-06-10 |archive-date=9 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609180921/http://www.haaretz.com/news/netanyahu-declares-10-month-settlement-freeze-to-restart-peace-talks-1.3435 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Keinon |first=Herb |url=http://www.jpost.com/DiplomacyAndPolitics/Article.aspx?id=239645 |title='We won't renew settlement freeze to lure Palestinian Authority to talks' |work=The Jerusalem Post |date=2011-09-26 |access-date=2016-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130209173254/http://www.jpost.com/DiplomacyAndPolitics/Article.aspx?id=239645 |archive-date=9 February 2013 }}</ref> In the face of pressure from the United States and most world powers supporting the demand by the Palestinian Authority that Israel desist from settlement project in 2010, Israel's ambassador to the UN [[Meron Reuben]] said Israel would only stop settlement construction after a peace agreement is concluded, and expressed concern were Arab countries to press for UN recognition of a Palestinian state before such an accord. He cited Israel's dismantlement of settlements in both the Sinai which took place after a peace agreement, and its unilateral dismantlement of settlements in the Gaza Strip. He presumed that settlements would stop being built were Palestinians to establish a state in a given area.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3970766,00.html 'Israel's UN envoy says only peace can halt settlements,'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402100906/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3970766,00.html |date=2 April 2015 }} AFP/[[Ynet]], 17 October 2010.</ref>

=== Proposals for land swap ===

{{see also|Settlement blocs}}
[[The Clinton Parameters]], a 2000 peace proposal by then U.S. President [[Bill Clinton]], included a plan on which the Palestinian State was to include 94–96% of the [[West Bank]], and around 80% of the settlers were to be under Israeli sovereignty, and in exchange for that, Israel will concede some territory (so called 'Territory Exchange' or 'Land Swap') within the Green Line (1967 borders). The swap would consist of 1–3% of Israeli territory, such that the final borders of the West Bank part of the Palestinian state would include 97% of the land of the original borders.<ref name=peacelobby>[http://www.peacelobby.org/clinton_parameters.htm Clinton Parameters] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150117011736/http://www.peacelobby.org/clinton_parameters.htm |date=17 January 2015 }}, The Jewish Peace Lobby website, full text (English)</ref>

In 2010, Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas said that the Palestinians and Israel have agreed on the principle of a land swap. The issue of the ratio of land Israel would give to the Palestinians in exchange for keeping settlement blocs is an issue of dispute, with the Palestinians demanding that the ratio be 1:1, and Israel insisting that other factors be considered as well.<ref name=JP>{{cite news|last=Abu Toameh|first=Khaled|title=Abbas: Land swap principle reached|url=http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=176148|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post|access-date=4 September 2010|archive-date=26 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126061000/http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=176148|url-status=live}}</ref>

Under any peace deal with the Palestinians, Israel intends to keep the major settlement blocs close to its borders, which contain over 80% of the settlers. Prime Ministers [[Yitzhak Rabin]], [[Ariel Sharon]], and [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] have all stated Israel's intent to keep such blocs under any peace agreement. U.S. President [[George W. Bush]] acknowledged that such areas should be annexed to Israel in a 2004 letter to Prime Minister Sharon.<ref name="factsheet">{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-ldquo-consensus-rdquo-settlements|title=The "Consensus" Settlements|website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org|access-date=11 September 2019|archive-date=4 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504155030/https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-ldquo-consensus-rdquo-settlements|url-status=live}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=January 2023}}

The [[European Union]] position is that any annexation of settlements should be done as part of mutually agreed land swaps, which would see the Palestinians controlling territory equivalent to the territory captured in 1967.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=378&PID=1857&IID=6797|title=The European Union: Challenges for Israeli Diplomacy|publisher=Jewish Center for Public Affairs|access-date=28 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917192246/http://jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=378&PID=1857&IID=6797|archive-date=17 September 2011}}</ref> The EU says that it will not recognise any changes to the 1967 borders without an agreement between the parties.

Israeli Foreign Minister [[Avigdor Lieberman]] has proposed a [[Lieberman plan|plan]] which would see settlement blocs annexed to Israel in exchange for heavily [[Arab citizens of Israel|Arab]] areas inside Israel as part of a [[population exchange]].

According to [[Mitchell Bard|Mitchell G. Bard]]: "Ultimately, Israel may decide to unilaterally disengage from the West Bank and determine which settlements it will incorporate within the borders it delineates. Israel would prefer, however, to negotiate a peace treaty with the Palestinians that would specify which Jewish communities will remain intact within the mutually agreed border of Israel, and which will need to be evacuated. Israel will undoubtedly insist that some or all of the "consensus" blocs become part of Israel".<ref name="factsheet" />{{better source needed|date=January 2023}}

=== Proposal of dual citizenship ===
A number of proposals for the granting of Palestinian citizenship or residential permits to Jewish settlers in return for the removal of Israeli military installations from the West Bank have been fielded by such individuals<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1014952.html|title=Let them stay in Palestine|work=Haaretz|access-date=28 July 2016|archive-date=17 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100117013813/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1014952.html}}</ref> as Arafat,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archives.tcm.ie/breakingnews/2001/01/30/story2939.asp |title=Arafat may allow Jewish settlers to stay in West Bank |access-date=3 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040518071800/http://archives.tcm.ie/breakingnews/2001/01/30/story2939.asp |archive-date=18 May 2004 }}</ref> [[Ibrahim Sarsur]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/715018.html|title=Haaretz – Israel News – Haaretz.com|access-date=28 July 2016}}</ref> and [[Ahmed Qurei]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.5056912|title=PA: Settlers can become Palestinian citizens|newspaper=Haaretz|access-date=28 May 2018|archive-date=24 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524045403/https://www.haaretz.com/1.5056912|url-status=live}}</ref> In contrast, [[Mahmoud Abbas]] said in July 2013 that "In a final resolution, we would not see the presence of a single Israeli—civilian or soldier—on our lands."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Abbas-wants-not-a-single-Israeli-in-future-Palestinian-state-321470|title=Abbas: 'Not a single Israeli' in future Palestinian state|work=[[The Jerusalem Post]]|date=2013-07-30|access-date=2016-12-23|archive-date=3 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903004000/https://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Abbas-wants-not-a-single-Israeli-in-future-Palestinian-state-321470|url-status=live}}</ref>

Israeli Minister [[Moshe Ya'alon]] said in April 2010 that ''"just as Arabs live in Israel, so, too, should Jews be able to live in Palestine." ... "If we are talking about coexistence and peace, why the [Palestinian] insistence that the territory they receive be ethnically cleansed of Jews?"''.<ref>Herb Keinon, [https://www.jpost.com/Israel/No-need-to-remove-any-settlements 'No need to remove any settlements'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412171721/https://www.jpost.com/Israel/No-need-to-remove-any-settlements |date=12 April 2019 }} ''Jerusalem Post'', 16 April 2010</ref>

The idea has been expressed by both advocates of the two-state solution<ref name="A Cup of Tea in Old Jerusalem" /> and supporters of the settlers and conservative or fundamentalist currents in Israeli Judaism<ref name="Interview: Israeli settler Avi Farhan" /> that, while objecting to any withdrawal, claim [[Land of Israel|stronger links to the land]] than to the State of Israel.