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==Environmental problems== [[File:40SW.jpg|thumb|Right: [[.40 S&W]] round with [[hollow-point bullet]] Left: Expanded bullet of the same calibre with exposed lead core]] Lead bullets that miss their target or remain in an unretrieved carcass could become a [[toxicant]] in the environment but lead in ammunition because of its metallic form has a lower solubility and higher resistance to corrosion than other forms of lead making it hardly available to biological systems.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Dr. Göttlein Axel|title=Eco-toxicological assessment of hunting rifle ammunition|url=http://www.leadinammunition.com/independent-studies-002/|publisher=Bavarian Ministry of Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry upon an initiative of the Bavarian Hunting Association|date=2016-04-07|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018082938/https://www.leadinammunition.com/independent-studies-002/|archive-date=18 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Waterfowl or other birds may ingest the lead and poison themselves with the neurotoxicant, but studies have demonstrated that effects of lead in ammunition are negligible on animal population size and growth.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Frederik Verdonck|title=Population Trend modelling of European Upland Birds due to Lead Shot Ingestion|url=http://www.leadinammunition.com/independent-studies-001/|date=2016-04-07|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-date=18 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018082926/https://www.leadinammunition.com/independent-studies-001/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Angelo Moretto |author2=Piermannuccio Mannucci |title=Lead in game meat and implications for human health |url=http://www.leadinammunition.com/independent-studies-013/ |access-date=18 February 2013 |archive-date=17 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217062210/http://www.leadinammunition.com/independent-studies-013/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Since 1991, US federal law forbids lead shot in waterfowl hunts, and 30 states have some type of restriction.<ref name=ps1013>{{cite news|author1=Michael Todd |title=Gunning for Lead Bullets |url=https://psmag.com/nature-and-technology/duel-lead-green-bullets-68369 |access-date=30 December 2014 |work=Pacific Standard |date=14 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228102856/https://psmag.com/nature-and-technology/duel-lead-green-bullets-68369 |archive-date=28 December 2014}}</ref> In December 2014, a federal appeals court denied a lawsuit by environmental groups that the [[EPA]] must use the [[Toxic Substances Control Act]] to regulate lead in shells and cartridges. The groups sought EPA to regulate "spent lead", yet the court found EPA could not regulate spent lead without also regulating cartridges and shells.<ref name=we1214>{{cite news|author1=Zack Colman|title=EPA can't regulate lead bullets, says federal court|url=http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/epa-cant-regulate-lead-bullets-says-federal-court/article/2557789|access-date=30 December 2014|work=Washington Examiner|date=23 December 2014|archive-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223224508/http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/epa-cant-regulate-lead-bullets-says-federal-court/article/2557789|url-status=live}}</ref>
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