Editing History of Scotland (section)

===Political realignment===
[[File:WinstonChurchill1916Army.gif|thumb|upright|right|[[Winston Churchill]] with the [[Royal Scots Fusiliers]] near the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]] in 1916]]
In the [[Khaki Election]] of 1900, nationalist concern with the [[Boer War]] meant that the Conservatives and their Liberal Unionist allies gained a majority of Scottish seats for the first time, although the Liberals regained their ascendancy in the next election.<ref name=Hearn2000p45/> The Unionists and Conservatives merged in 1912,<ref name=Devine&Finlay1996pp64-5/> usually known as the Conservatives in England and Wales, they adopted the name [[Unionist Party (Scotland)|Unionist Party]] in Scotland.<ref>L. Bennie, J. Brand and J. Mitchell, ''How Scotland Votes'' (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997), p. 60.</ref> Scots played a major part in the leadership of UK political parties producing a Conservative Prime Minister in [[Arthur Balfour]] (1902–1905) and a Liberal one in [[Henry Campbell-Bannerman]] (1905–1908).<ref name=Quinault2007/> Various organisations, including the Independent Labour Party, joined to make the [[British Labour Party]] in 1906, with Keir Hardie as its first chairman.<ref name="Hearn2000p45">{{Harvp|Hearn|2000|p=45}}.</ref>