Editing Talmud (section)

===Slavita Talmud 1795 and Vilna Talmud 1835===
The edition of the Talmud published by the Szapira brothers in [[Slavuta|Slavita]]<ref name=Modia.15>{{cite news
    |newspaper=[[Hamodia]]
    |date=February 12, 2015
    |title=A loan from the heart
    |quote=.. a copy of the greatly valued Slavita Shas.
    |url=https://hamodia.com/2015/02/12/loan-heart/
    |access-date=June 25, 2019
    |archive-date=August 5, 2019
    |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805132255/https://hamodia.com/2015/02/12/loan-heart/
    |url-status=dead
    }}</ref> was published in 1817,<ref name=Tell.185>{{cite book  |title=Soul Survivors  |author=Hanoch Teller  |pages=[https://archive.org/details/soulsurvivorstru00tell/page/185 185–203]  |isbn=0-961-4772-0-2  |publisher=New York City Publishing Company  |url=https://archive.org/details/soulsurvivorstru00tell/page/185  |author-link=Hanoch Teller  |year=1985  }}</ref> and it is particularly prized by many [[rebbe]]s of [[Hasidic Judaism]]. In 1835, after a religious community copyright<ref name=Talmud.17xx/><ref>"embroiled leading rabbis in Europe .. rival editions of the Talmud"</ref> was nearly over,<ref>the wording was that the sets printed could be sold. All full sets were sold, although individual volumes remained. The systems of dealers did not facilitate knowing exactly how many individual volumes were still in dealer hands.</ref> and following an acrimonious dispute with the Szapira family, a new edition of the Talmud was printed by Menachem Romm of [[Vilnius|Vilna]].

Known as the ''[[Vilna Edition Shas]]'', this edition (and later ones printed by his widow and sons, the [[Romm publishing house]]) has been used in the production of more recent editions of Talmud Bavli.

A page number in the Vilna Talmud refers to a double-sided page, known as a ''daf'', or folio in English; each daf has two ''amudim'' labeled  {{lang|he|א}} and {{lang|he|ב}}, sides A and B ([[recto and verso]]). The convention of referencing by ''daf'' is relatively recent and dates from the early Talmud printings of the 17th century, though the actual pagination goes back to the Bomberg edition. Earlier [[rabbinic literature]] generally refers to the tractate or chapters within a tractate (e.g. Berachot Chapter 1, {{lang|he|ברכות פרק א׳}}). It sometimes also refers to the specific Mishnah in that chapter, where "Mishnah" is replaced with "Halakha", here meaning route, to "direct" the reader to the entry in the Gemara corresponding to that Mishna (e.g. Berachot Chapter 1 Halakha 1, {{lang|he|ברכות פרק א׳ הלכה א׳}}, would refer to the first Mishnah of the first chapter in Tractate Berachot, and its corresponding entry in the Gemara). However, this form is nowadays more commonly (though not exclusively) used when referring to the Jerusalem Talmud.  Nowadays, reference is usually made in format [''Tractate daf a/b''] (e.g. Berachot 23b, {{lang|he|ברכות כג ב׳}}). Increasingly, the symbols "." and ":" are used to indicate Recto and Verso, respectively (thus, e.g. Berachot 23:, {{lang|he|:ברכות כג}}). These references always refer to the pagination of the Vilna Talmud.