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==== Turkey ==== [[File:Tavla oynayan kadınlar, Serik - Women playing backgammon in Turkey.jpg|thumb|left|Women playing ''[[tabula (game)|tavla]]'' in [[Turkey]].]] {{main|Tawula}} '''[[Tavla]]''' (from [[Latin]] Tabula, from [[Medieval Greek]] τάβλη<ref name="austin-zeno"/> or from [[Arabic]] "tawleh"), is a very popular game in Turkey. It lacks a doubling cube, gammons and backgammons are counted as two points called ''mars'' and the players may not hit and run in their home boards.<ref>[http://www.bkgm.com/variants/Tavla.html Tavla]</ref> Matches are usually played to five points. It is customary to call the dice rolls their [[Persian language|Persian]] number names, with local spellings: {{lang|fa-Latn|yek}} (1), {{lang|fa-Latn|dü}} (2), {{lang|fa-Latn|se}} (3), {{lang|fa-Latn|cehar}} (4), {{lang|fa-Latn|penç}} (5), and {{lang|fa-Latn|şeş}} (6).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Ergil|first1=Leyla Yvonne|title=Top Tavla tips for expats to play like a Turk|url=http://www.dailysabah.com/life/2014/10/11/top-tavla-tips-for-expats-to-play-like-a-turk|website=Daily Sabah|date=11 October 2014|publisher=dailysabah.com|access-date=1 February 2017}}</ref> There are many variants of Tavla in Turkey, where the course of play changes drastically. The usual tavla is also known as ''erkek tavlası'' ("boys' tavla" or "men's tavla"). The other variant ''kız tavlası'' ("girls' tavla") is a game which depends only on the dice and involves no strategy. There is another variant called ''asker tavlası'' ("soldiers' tavla") where the pieces are thrown to the board randomly and the opponents try to flip their pieces over the opponents' pieces to beat them. The player with no pieces left loses the game. This variant doesn't involve dice at all and the play depends more on hand-eye coordination than tactical decision making. ''Üniversite tavlası'' ("university tavla") is a variant of the game played with two or more tavlas and four or more players, with the players forming groups. The dice are thrown only by two opposing players and the rest must play the same dice. If a team member gets beaten and cannot enter, his teammates cannot play for that round. Although the dice are the same, the game on every board differs, where the case of one team member winning and another losing is very common. This variant is considered much harder because the player must take more than one play into account while only being capable of making decisions on his own board. '''Hapis''' (Turkish for "prison") is another tables game played in Turkey. It is very similar to Mahbusa played in the [[Arab World]].
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