Editing Rotterdam (section)

==Transportation==
Rotterdam offers connections by international, national, regional and local public transport systems, as well as by the Dutch [[motorway]] network.

===Motorways===
There are several motorways to/from Rotterdam. The following four are part of its 'Ring' ([[ring road]]):
*[[A20 motorway (Netherlands)|A20]] (Ring North): [[Hook of Holland]] – ''Rotterdam'' – [[Gouda, South Holland|Gouda]]
*[[A16 motorway (Netherlands)|A16]] (Ring East): ''Rotterdam'' – [[Breda]] (– [[Antwerp]] – [[Paris]])
*[[A15 motorway (Netherlands)|A15]] (Ring South): [[Europoort]] – ''Rotterdam'' – [[Nijmegen]]
*[[A4 motorway (Netherlands)|A4]] (Ring West): ''Rotterdam'' – [[The Hague]] (– [[Amsterdam]])
The following two other motorways also serve Rotterdam:
*[[A13 motorway (Netherlands)|A13]] ([[Amsterdam]] –): [[The Hague]] – [[Delft]] – ''Rotterdam''
*[[A29 motorway (Netherlands)|A29]] ([[Antwerp]] –): [[Bergen op Zoom]] – ''Rotterdam''

===Airport===
Much smaller than the international hub [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Schiphol Airport]], [[Rotterdam The Hague Airport]] (formerly known as ''Zestienhoven'') is the third-largest [[airport]] in the country, behind [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Schiphol Airport]] and [[Eindhoven Airport]]. Located north of the city, it has shown solid growth over the past five years, mostly caused by the growth of the [[low-cost carrier]] market. For business travellers, Rotterdam The Hague Airport offers advantages in terms of rapid handling of passengers and baggage. Environmental regulations make further growth uncertain.

===Train===
[[File:Rtd CS-III.JPG|thumb|Rotterdam's new [[Rotterdam Centraal railway station|Central Station]] reopened in March 2014, designed to handle up to 320,000 passengers daily.]]

Rotterdam is well connected to the Dutch railway network, and has several international connections:

*Southern direction [[Dordrecht]], [[Breda]], [[Eindhoven]], [[Flushing, Netherlands|Flushing (Vlissingen)]] (also international trains to [[Belgium]]/[[France]])
*Western direction [[Hook of Holland]] (reopened as a metro line in 2019)
*North-Western direction [[The Hague]], [[Leiden]], [[Amsterdam]]
*Northern direction (high-speed rail) [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Schiphol]], [[Amsterdam]]
*North-Eastern direction [[Utrecht]] and further
*A fifth alternative train system to the Hague, the [[Hofpleinlijn|Hofplein Line]] was converted to the light rail system [[RandstadRail|Randstadrail]] in 2006.
*The city is often mentioned as the terminus of the [[Eurasian Land Bridge]].

===Railway stations===
*[[Rotterdam Centraal railway station|Rotterdam Centraal]] – Rotterdam's main station
*[[Rotterdam Alexander railway station|Rotterdam Alexander]] – Eastern part of Rotterdam
*[[Rotterdam Blaak railway station|Rotterdam Blaak]] – Close to the centre of Rotterdam
*[[Rotterdam Lombardijen railway station|Rotterdam Lombardijen]] – Most Southern part of Rotterdam
*[[Rotterdam Noord railway station|Rotterdam Noord]] – Northern part of Rotterdam
*[[Rotterdam Zuid railway station|Rotterdam Zuid]] – Northern part of the Southern part of Rotterdam
*[[Rotterdam Stadion railway station|Rotterdam Stadion]] – A station near the Feyenoord stadium, open in connection with football matches and music concerts

The main connections:
*Direct international services to [[Belgium]] and [[France]] via high-speed train system: [[Thalys]]
*International trains to the south of France and London via the [[Eurostar]]<ref>{{cite web |date=24 August 2020 |title=Eurostar to launch direct Amsterdam to London route in October |url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/aug/24/coronavirus-eurostar-says-london-to-amsterdam-direct-is-back-on-track |access-date=18 May 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en |archive-date=26 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526165307/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/aug/24/coronavirus-eurostar-says-london-to-amsterdam-direct-is-back-on-track |url-status=live }}</ref>
*Frequent international trains to [[Antwerp]] and [[Brussels]], Belgium
*Frequent services within the Netherlands:
**Intercity line to [[The Hague]], [[Leiden]], [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Schiphol airport]] and [[Amsterdam]] (north)
**Intercity line to Utrecht and on to [[Deventer]] or [[Enschede]] (the east), [[Leeuwarden]] (north-west) or [[Groningen (city)|Groningen]] (north-east)
**Intercity line to [[Dordrecht]], [[Roosendaal]] and on to [[Flushing, Netherlands|Vlissingen]] (south west)
**Intercity line to [[Dordrecht]], [[Breda]], [[Tilburg]], [[Eindhoven]] and [[Venlo]] (south east)
**Night services every hour connecting every day of the week to Delft, The Hague, Leiden, Schiphol airport, Amsterdam, and, with a detour, Utrecht. On Thursday, Friday and Saturday night services (either directly or via a detour) to Den Bosch, Eindhoven, Tilburg, Roosendaal.
**Several semi-fast services and local trains originate or call at Rotterdam Centraal; semi-fast services Amsterdam-Breda.
*Detailed information available from the site of the {{lang|nl|[[Nederlandse Spoorwegen]]|italic=no}} (Dutch Railways)<ref>{{cite web |title=Dutch Railway website |url=http://www.ns.nl |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914030257/http://www.ns.nl/ |archive-date=14 September 2008 |access-date=15 May 2008}}</ref>

In Rotterdam, public transport services are provided by the following companies:
*NS (Dutch Railways): national train services
*RET ([[Rotterdamse Elektrische Tram]]): tram, city-bus, metro, randstadrail and ferry-services in Rotterdam and surrounding cities
*Arriva Netherlands: regional bus services
*Connexxion: regional bus services
*Qbuzz: regional bus services
*Veolia: regional bus services.

===Metro===
{{Main|Rotterdam Metro}}
{{See also|List of Rotterdam metro stations}}

In 1968, Rotterdam was the first Dutch city to open a [[Rapid transit|metro]] system. The metro system consists of three main lines, each of which has its own variants. The metro network has {{cvt|78.3|km|1}} of rail tracks, and there are 70 stations, which makes it the biggest of the Benelux. 5 lines operate the system; 3 lines (A, B and C) on the east–west line, and two (D and E) on the north–south line. Line E (Randstadrail) connects Rotterdam with The Hague as of December 2011.

[[File:Metro Rotterdam future.svg|thumb|Map of the 2020 Rotterdam metro]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Line
! Southern&nbsp;/&nbsp;western&nbsp;terminus
! Northern&nbsp;/&nbsp;eastern&nbsp;terminus
!Additional info
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#00aa50; color:#fff;"| '''Line A'''
|[[Vlaardingen West metro station|Vlaardingen West]]
| [[Binnenhof (Rotterdam Metro)|Binnenhof]]
|Terminates at [[Schiedam Centrum station|Schiedam Centrum]] outside peak hours.
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ffd301; color:#000;"| '''Line B'''
|[[Hoek van Holland Strand metro station|Hoek van Holland Strand]]
| [[Nesselande (Rotterdam Metro)|Nesselande]]
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ef1f1f; color:#fff;"| '''Line C'''
| [[De Akkers (Rotterdam Metro)|De&nbsp;Akkers]]
| [[De Terp (Rotterdam Metro)|De&nbsp;Terp]]
|
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#1bc5e9; color:#fff;"| '''Line D'''
| [[De Akkers (Rotterdam Metro)|De&nbsp;Akkers]]
| [[Rotterdam Centraal railway station|Rotterdam&nbsp;Centraal]]
|
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#1a389a; color:#fff;"| '''Line E'''
| [[Slinge (Rotterdam Metro)|Slinge]]
| [[Den Haag Centraal railway station|Den Haag&nbsp;Centraal]]
|
|}

[[File:15-05-2007 Metro Maashaven.jpg|thumb|Rotterdam metro]]

===Tram===
{{Main|Trams in Rotterdam}}
The [[Trams in Rotterdam|Rotterdam tramway network]] offers 9 regular tram lines and 4 special tram lines with a total length of {{cvt|93.4|km|1}}. Service
Tramlines in Rotterdam {{As of|2016|lc=y}}:
*2: (Rotterdam) Charlois – Rotterdam Lombardijen NS – (Rotterdam) Keizerswaard (runs only to the southern part of the city)
*4: (Rotterdam) Molenlaan – Rotterdam Centraal – (Rotterdam) Marconiplein
*7: (Rotterdam) Oostplein – Rotterdam Centraal – (Rotterdam) Willemsplein
*8: (Rotterdam) Spangen – Rotterdam Centraal – (Rotterdam) Kleiweg
*20: Rotterdam Centraal – Rotterdam Lombardijen NS – (Rotterdam) Lombardijen
*21: (Schiedam) Woudhoek – Station Schiedam Centrum – Rotterdam Centraal – (Rotterdam) De Esch
*23: (Rotterdam) Marconiplein – Rotterdam Centraal – (Rotterdam) Beverwaard
*24: (Vlaardingen) Holy – Station Schiedam Centrum – Rotterdam Centraal – (Rotterdam) De Esch
*25: (Rotterdam) Schiebroek – Rotterdam Centraal – (Barendrecht) Carnisselande
[[File:RET 2022 Rotterdam Centraal 15-05-2007.JPG|thumb|A [[Alstom Citadis|Citadis]] [[tram]] outside the former [[Rotterdam Centraal station|Rotterdam Centraal]], 2008]]
Special tram lines:
*10: historical tram line, only runs a few months a year and throughout the whole city for tourist information. Using historical Rotterdam Trams from the year 1931.
*18: tramline from Rotterdam Central Station towards Park, runs only at the Dunya Festival and during the Rotterdam World Port Days.
*12: Rotterdam Centraal – Stadion Feyenoord or Rotterdam Centraal – Het Kasteel ('The Castle', Sparta Stadium). Football tramline, only for big fixtures at Stadion Feyenoord or Het Kasteel.
*Snert-tram: historical tram, only in winter as a tourist tram through Rotterdam. Passengers are provided with a cup of "snert"; Rotterdam dialect for erwtensoep ([[pea soup]]). Rolling stock is a historical Rotterdam tram from 1968.
*[[Ice cream|IJsjes-tram]]: summer version of the snert tram, providing tourists with ice cream rather than pea soup.

[[File:Rotterdam Watertaxi (4).JPG|thumb|Water Taxi in Rotterdam]]
===Bus===
Rotterdam offers 55 city bus lines with a total length of {{cvt|432.7|km|1}}.

RET runs buses in the city of Rotterdam and surrounding places like Barendrecht, Ridderkerk, Rhoon, Poortugaal, Schiedam, Vlaardingen, Delft and Capelle aan den IJssel.

Arriva Netherlands, Connexxion, Qbuzz and Veolia run buses from other cities to Rotterdam.

An automated bus service, [[ParkShuttle]], runs between [[Kralingse Zoom metro station]] and the Rivium Business Park in [[Capelle aan den IJssel]].

===The RoMeO Foundation===
The Foundation RoMeO (Rotterdam Public Transport Museum and Exploitation of Oldtimers) was founded in 1997 to bring together various historical transport collections into one collection. Currently, the joint collection consists of more than sixty trams, twenty buses and an underground metro dating from 1967. Since 2010 the [[Rotterdam Public Transport Museum]] is housed in the monumental tram depot Hillegersberg from 1923.<ref>[https://rotterdamnetherlands.com/destination/museums/rotterdam-transport-museum/ Rotterdam Netherlands, your guide in and around the city] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221023110209/https://rotterdamnetherlands.com/destination/museums/rotterdam-transport-museum/ |date=23 October 2022 }}.</ref>

===Waterbus===
The Waterbus network consists of seven lines. The mainline (Line 20) stretches from Rotterdam to Dordrecht. The ferry carries about 130 passengers, and there is space for 60 [[bicycle]]s. The stops between Rotterdam and Dordrecht are:
*Rotterdam [[Erasmusbrug]] – [[Krimpen aan den IJssel]] Stormpolder – [[Ridderkerk]] De Schans – [[Alblasserdam]] Kade – [[Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht]] Noordeinde – [[Papendrecht]] Westeind – [[Dordrecht]] Merwekade.

===Ferry===
[[P&O Ferries]] have daily sailings from [[Europoort]] to [[Kingston upon Hull]] in the UK.