Editing Romani language (section)

== Romani in modern times ==
Romani has lent several words to English such as ''pal'' (ultimately from Sanskrit ''{{lang|sa-Latn|bhrātar}}'' "brother"<ref name=OEED>Hoad, TF (ed.) ''Oxford Concise Dictionary of Etymology'' (1996) Oxford University Press {{ISBN|0-19-283098-8}}</ref>). Other Romani words in general British slang are ''gadgie'' (man),<ref name=Beal/> ''shiv'' or ''chiv'' (knife).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J4i3zV4vnBAC&dq=gypsy+british+slang+shiv+or+chiv+(knife)&pg=PA372 |title=Oxford Dictionary of Word Origins |page=372 |isbn=978-0199547937 |last1=Cresswell |first1=Julia |date=9 September 2010|publisher=OUP Oxford }}</ref> Urban British slang shows an increasing level of Romani influence,<ref name=Beal>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eV9MyzOnBi8C&q=british+slang+romani+influence&pg=PA80 |title=Urban North-Eastern English |first=Joan C. |last=Beal |date=31 March 2012 |publisher=[[Edinburgh University Press]] |isbn=9780748664450 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> with some words becoming accepted into the lexicon of standard English (for example, ''[[chav]]'' from an assumed Anglo-Romani word,<ref name=Beal/> meaning "small boy", in the majority of dialects).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tréguer |first=Pascal |date=2017-10-03 |title=the Romany origin of the British 'chav' |url=https://wordhistories.net/2017/10/03/origin-of-chav/ |website=word histories |language=en-GB |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530132423/https://wordhistories.net/2017/10/03/origin-of-chav/ |archive-date= May 30, 2023 }}</ref> There are efforts to teach and familiarise [[Vlax Romani language|Vlax-Romani]] to a new generation of Romani so that Romani spoken in different parts of the world are connected through a single dialect of Romani. The Indian Institute of Romani Studies, [[Chandigarh]] published several Romani language lessons through its journal ''Roma'' during the 1970s.<ref name="lee">{{Cite book|last=Lee |first=Ronald |date=2005 |title=Learn Romani: Das-dúma Rromanes |location=Hatfield |publisher=[[University of Hertfordshire Press]] |isbn=1-902806-44-1}}</ref>

Occasionally loanwords from other [[Indo-Iranian languages]], such as [[Hindi language|Hindi]], are mistakenly labelled as Romani due to surface similarities (due to a shared root), such as ''cushy'', which is from [[Urdu]] (itself a loan from [[Persian language|Persian]] ''{{lang|fa-Latn|xuš}}'') meaning "excellent, healthy, happy".<ref name=OEED/>