Editing Quechuan languages (section)

==Literature==

As in the case of the [[List of pre-Columbian cultures|pre-Columbian Mesoamerica]], there are a number of Andean texts in the local language which were written down in Latin characters after the European conquest, but which express, to a great extent, the culture of pre-Conquest times. For example, Quechua poems thought to date from Inca times are preserved as quotations within some Spanish-language chronicles dealing with the pre-Conquest period. However, the most important specimen of Quechua literature of this type is the so-called [[Huarochirí Manuscript]] (1598), which describes the mythology and religion of the valley of [[Huarochirí Province|Huarochirí]] and has been compared to "an Andean Bible" and to the Mayan [[Popol Vuh]]. From the post-conquest period (starting from the middle of the 17th century), there are a number of anonymous or signed Quechua dramas, some of which deal with the Inca era, while most are on religious topics and of European inspiration. The most famous dramas are ''[[Ollantay]]'' and the plays describing the death of [[Atahualpa]]. [[Juan de Espinosa Medrano]] wrote several dramas in the language. Poems in Quechua were also composed during the colonial period. A notable example are the works of [[Juan Wallparrimachi]], a participant in the [[Bolivian War of Independence]].<ref name=adelaar254/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://homepage.ntlworld.com/robert_beer/history.htm |title=History |publisher=Homepage.ntlworld.com |access-date=2012-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515235927/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/robert_beer/history.htm |archive-date=2013-05-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

As for Christian literature, as early as 1583, the Third Provincial Church Council of Lima, which took place in 1583, published a number of texts dealing with Christian doctrine and rituals, including a trilingual [[catechism]] in Spanish, Quechua and Aymara<ref>{{Cite journal |last=López Lamerain |first=Constanza |date=2011 |title=El iii concilio de lima y la conformación de una normativa evangelizadora para la provincia eclesiástica del perãš |url=http://intushistoria.uai.cl/index.php/intushistoria/article/view/90 |journal=Intus-Legere Historia |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=51–58 |doi=10.15691/07198949.90 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024 |issn=0719-8949}}</ref> and a number of other similar texts in the years from 1584 to 1585. More texts of this type were published until the middle of the 17th century, mostly adhering to a [[Classical Quechua#Standard Colonial Quechua|Quechua literary standard]] that had been codified by the Third Council for this purpose.<ref>Saenz, S. Dedenbach-Salazar. 1990. Quechua Sprachmaterialen. In: Meyers, A., M. Volland. Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte des westlichen Südamerika. Forschungsberichte des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen. P. 258.</ref> There is at least one Quechuan version of the [[Bible]].<ref name=CollynsCollantes/>

Dramas and poems continued to be written in the 19th and especially in 20th centuries as well; in addition, in the 20th century and more recently, more prose has been published. However, few literary forms were made present in the 19th century as European influences limited literary criticism.<ref>Carnival Theater: Uruguay's Popular Performers and National Culture</ref> While some of that literature consists of original compositions (poems and dramas), the bulk of 20th century Quechua literature consists of traditional folk stories and oral narratives.<ref name=adelaar254>Adelaar 2004, pp. 254–256.</ref> [[Johnny Payne]] has translated two sets of Quechua oral short stories, one into Spanish and the other into English.

[[Demetrio Túpac Yupanqui]] wrote a Quechuan version of ''[[Don Quixote]]'',<ref name=CollynsCollantes/> under the title ''Yachay sapa wiraqucha dun Qvixote Manchamantan''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/internacional/2018/05/04/mundo_global/1525424117_877511.html|title=Demetrio Túpac Yupanqui, el traductor al quechua de 'El Quijote', muere a los 94 años|work={{Lang|es|[[El País]]}}|date=2018-05-04|access-date=2019-10-28}}</ref>