Editing Post-traumatic stress disorder (section)

==== Cannabinoids ====
{{see also| Cannabis use and trauma}}
[[Cannabis (drug)|Cannabis]] is not recommended as a [[treatment for PTSD]] because scientific evidence does not currently exist demonstrating treatment efficacy for [[cannabinoid]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Black N, Stockings E, Campbell G, Tran LT, Zagic D, Hall WD, Farrell M, Degenhardt L |title=Cannabinoids for the treatment of mental disorders and symptoms of mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry |volume=6 |issue=12 |pages=995–1010 |date=December 2019 |pmid=31672337 |pmc=6949116 |doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30401-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Neil ME, Nugent SM, Morasco BJ, Freeman M, Low A, Kondo K, Zakher B, Elven C, Motu'apuaka M, Paynter R, Kansagara D |title=Benefits and Harms of Plant-Based Cannabis for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review |journal=[[Annals of Internal Medicine]] |volume=167 |issue=5 |pages=332–340 |date=September 2017 |pmid=28806794 |doi=10.7326/M17-0477 |doi-access=free}}</ref>{{efn|As an ''example ''of such research, see: Bonn-Miller MO, Sisley S, Riggs P, Yazar-Klosinski B, Wang JB, Loflin MJE, et al. (2021) The short-term impact of 3 smoked cannabis preparations versus placebo on PTSD symptoms: A randomized cross-over clinical trial. ''PLOS ONE'' 16(3): e0246990.}} However, use of cannabis or derived products is widespread among U.S. veterans with PTSD.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Betthauser K, Pilz J, Vollmer LE |title=Use and effects of cannabinoids in military veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder |journal=[[American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy]] |volume=72 |issue=15 |pages=1279–84 |date=August 2015 |pmid=26195653 |doi=10.2146/ajhp140523 |type=Review}}</ref>

The cannabinoid [[nabilone]] is sometimes used for nightmares in PTSD. Although some short-term benefit was shown, adverse effects are common and it has not been adequately studied to determine efficacy.<ref name=CADTH-Nabilone-2015>{{cite journal |title=Long-term Nabilone Use: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness and Safety |journal=CADTH Rapid Response Reports |date=October 2015 |pmid=26561692 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0079568/}}</ref> An increasing number of states permit and have legalized the use of [[medical cannabis]] for the treatment of PTSD.<ref>{{cite news |vauthors=Gregg K |url=http://www.providencejournal.com/news/20160713/raimondo-signs-law-allowing-marijuana-for-treatment-of-ptsd |title=Raimondo signs law allowing marijuana for treatment of PTSD |access-date=18 August 2016 |newspaper=[[The Providence Journal]] |date=2016-07-13 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160816061718/http://www.providencejournal.com/news/20160713/raimondo-signs-law-allowing-marijuana-for-treatment-of-ptsd |archive-date=16 August 2016}}</ref>