Editing Nantes (section)

==Transport==
[[File:Flickr - IngolfBLN - Nantes - Tramway - Ligne 3 - Orvault (18).jpg|thumb|alt=See caption|Tram on a [[green track]]]]
The city is linked to Paris by the [[A11 autoroute|A11 motorway]], which passes through [[Angers]], [[Le Mans]] and [[Chartres]]. Nantes is on the Way of the Estuaries, a network of motorways connecting northern France and the Spanish border in the south-west while bypassing Paris. The network serves [[Rouen]], [[Le Havre]], [[Rennes]], [[La Rochelle]] and [[Bordeaux]]. South of Nantes, the road corresponds to the [[A83 autoroute|A83 motorway]]; north of the city (towards Rennes) it is the RN137, a free highway. These motorways form a {{convert|43|km|adj=on}} ring road around the city, France's second longest after the ring in Bordeaux.{{sfn|Chantal Boutry|Joël Bigorgne|2013}}

[[Nantes station|Nantes's central railway station]] is connected by [[TGV]] trains to Paris, [[Lille]], [[Lyon]], [[Marseille]] and [[Strasbourg]]. The [[LGV Atlantique]] high-speed railway reaches Paris in two hours, ten minutes (compared with four hours by car). With almost 12 million passengers each year, the Nantes station is the sixth-busiest in France outside Paris.{{sfn|La gare de|2013}} In addition to TGV trains, the city is connected by [[Intercités]] trains to Rennes, [[Vannes]], [[Quimper]], [[Tours]], [[Orléans]], [[La Rochelle]] and Bordeaux.{{sfn|Carte des destinations|2015}} Local [[Transport express régional|TER]] trains serve [[Pornic]], [[Cholet]] or [[Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie]].{{sfn|Carte du réseau|2015}}

[[File:Ile-de-Nantes.JPG|thumb|alt=Small ferry on the Loire, with large metal rings on its bank|A river bus and Nantes's iconic yellow crane]]
[[Nantes Atlantique Airport]] in [[Bouguenais]], {{convert|8|km|abbr=off|0}} south-west of the city centre, serves about 80 destinations in Europe (primarily in [[France]], [[Spain]], [[Italy]], the [[United Kingdom]] and [[Greece]]) and connects airports in [[Africa]], the [[Caribbean]] and [[Canada]].{{sfn|Liste des destinations}} Air traffic has increased from 2.6 million passengers in 2009 to 4.1 million in 2014, while its capacity has been estimated at 3.5 million passengers per year.{{sfn|Résultats d’activité des|2015}} A new [[Aéroport du Grand Ouest]] in [[Notre-Dame-des-Landes]], {{convert|20|km|abbr=off}} north of Nantes, was projected from the 1970s, to create a hub serving north-western France. Its construction was however strongly opposed, primarily by [[green politics|green]] and [[anti-capitalism|anti-capitalist]] activists. The potential construction site was long occupied and the project became a political topic on the national scale. The French government eventually decided to renounce to the project in 2018.{{sfn|Marie Conquy|2012}}{{sfn|Pascal Perry|2016}}{{sfn|Rémi Barroux|2016}}

Public transport in Nantes is managed by [[Semitan]], also known as "Tan". One of the world's first [[horsebus]] transit systems was developed in the city in 1826. Nantes built its first [[Mekarski system|compressed-air]] tram network in 1879, which was electrified in 1911. Like most European tram networks, Nantes's disappeared during the 1950s in the wake of automobiles and buses. However, in 1985 Nantes was the first city in France to reintroduce trams.{{sfn|Nantes - Tramways}} The city has an extensive public-transport network consisting of trams, buses and river shuttles. The [[Nantes tramway]] has three lines and a total of {{convert|43.5|km|abbr=off|0}} of track. Semitan counted 132.6 million trips in 2015, of which 72.3 million were by tram.{{sfn|Les chiffres clés}} [[Navibus]], the [[Water taxi|river shuttle]], has two lines: one on the Erdre and the other on the Loire. The latter has 520,000 passengers annually and succeeds the Roquio service, which operated on the Loire from 1887 to the 1970s.{{sfn|Transport fluvial :|2015}}

Nantes has also developed a [[tram-train]] system, the [[Nantes tram-train]], which would allow suburban trains to run on tram lines; the system already exists in [[Mulhouse]] (in eastern France) and [[Karlsruhe]], [[Germany]]. The city has two tram-train lines: Nantes-[[Clisson]] (southern) and Nantes-[[Châteaubriant]] (northern). Neither is yet connected to the existing tram network, and resemble small suburban trains more than tram-trains. The Bicloo [[bicycle-sharing system]] has 880 bicycles at 103 stations.{{sfn|Nantes: L'été radieux|2016}}

===Nantes Public Transportation statistics===
The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Nantes and Saint-Nazaire, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 40 minutes. 7.1% of public transit riders, ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 12 minutes, while 16.8% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is 5&nbsp;km, while 2% travel for over 12&nbsp;km in a single direction.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nantes & Saint-Nazaire Public Transportation Statistics |url=https://www.moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_France_Nantes_SaintNazaire-1123 |access-date=19 June 2017 |publisher=Global Public Transit Index by Moovit}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License].</ref>