Editing Monsanto (section)

==== GM wheat ====

In 2013 a Monsanto-developed transgenic cultivar of [[glyphosate]]-resistant [[genetically modified wheat|wheat]] was discovered on a farm in Oregon, growing as a weed or [[volunteer (botany)|"volunteer plant"]]. The final Oregon field test had occurred in 2001. As of May 2013, the GMO seed source was unknown. Volunteer wheat from a former test field two miles away was tested and was not found to be glyphosate-tolerant. Monsanto faced penalties up to $1 million over potential violations of the [[Plant Protection Act]]. The discovery threatened world-leading US wheat exports, which totaled $8.1 billion in 2012.<ref name="BloombergWheat">Alan Bjerga, [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-05-29/monsanto-modified-wheat-unapproved-by-usda-found-in-oregon-field.html "Monsanto Modified Wheat Not Approved by USDA Found in Field"], ''Bloomberg News''. May 29, 2013.</ref><ref>Andrew Pollack, [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/30/business/energy-environment/genetically-engineered-wheat-found-in-oregon-field.html "Modified Wheat Is Discovered in Oregon"], ''The New York Times'', May 29, 2013.</ref> This wheat variety was rarely exported to Europe and was more likely destined for Asia. Monsanto said it had destroyed all the material it held after completing trials in 2004 and it was "mystified" by its appearance.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn23638-monsanto-modified-wheat-mystery-deepens-in-oregon.html|title=Monsanto modified wheat mystery deepens in Oregon |author=Andy Coghlan|magazine=New Scientist|date=2013-06-03}}</ref> On June 14, 2013, the USDA announced: "As of today, USDA has neither found nor been informed of anything that would indicate that this incident amounts to more than a single isolated incident in a single field on a single farm. All information collected so far shows no indication of the presence of GE wheat in commerce."<ref>Staff, ''Food Safety News''. June 17, 2013. [http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2013/06/gmo-wheat-found-in-oregon-was-isolated-incident-says-usda/#.Ub_B8ufksl8 GMO Wheat Found in Oregon Was Isolated Incident, Says USDA]</ref> As of August 30, 2013, while the source of the GM wheat remained unknown, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan had all resumed placing orders.<ref>Associated Press. August 30, 2013. [http://bigstory.ap.org/article/source-gmo-wheat-oregon-remains-mystery "Source of GMO wheat in Oregon remains mystery".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914124347/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/source-gmo-wheat-oregon-remains-mystery |date=September 14, 2013 }}</ref>