Editing Judo (section)

==Safety==
Kano's vision for judo was one of a martial way that could be practiced realistically. [[Randori]] (free practice) was a central part of judo pedagogy and shiai (competition) a crucial test of a judoka's understanding of judo.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kano|first=Jigoro|title=The Contribution of Judo to Education|url=http://judoinfo.com/kano1.htm|website=Judo Info|access-date=10 September 2012}}</ref> Safety necessitated some basic innovations that shaped judo's development. Atemi waza (striking techniques) were entirely limited to kata (prearranged forms) early in judo's history. Kansetsu waza (joint manipulation techniques) were limited to techniques that focused on the elbow joint. Various throwing techniques that were judged to be too dangerous to practice safely at full force, such as all joint-locking throws from [[Jujutsu]], were also prohibited in shiai. To maximise safety in nage waza (throwing techniques), judoka trained in [[ukemi]] (break falls) and practiced on [[tatami]] (rice straw mats).{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

===''Kansetsu'' and ''shime waza''===
The application of joint manipulation and strangulation/choking techniques is generally safe under controlled conditions typical of judo dōjō and in competition. It is usual for there to be age restrictions on the practice and application of these types of techniques, but the exact nature of these restrictions will vary from country to country and from organization to organization.

===''Nage waza''===
Safety in the practice of throwing techniques depends on the skill level of both tori and uke. Inexpertly applied throws have the potential to injure both tori and uke, for instance when tori compensates for poor technique by powering through the throw. Similarly, poor ukemi can result in injury, particularly from more powerful throws that uke lacks the skill to breakfall from. For these reasons, throws are normally taught in order of difficulty for both tori and uke. This is exemplified in the [[List of Kodokan judo techniques|''Gokyo'']] {{nihongo3||五教||literally "five teachings"}}, a traditional grouping of throws arranged in order of difficulty of ukemi. Those grouped in {{nihongo3|''Dai ikkyo''|第一教||literally "first teaching"}} are relatively simple to breakfall from whereas those grouped in {{nihongo3|''dai gokyo'' |第五教||literally "fifth teaching"}} are difficult to breakfall from.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}