Editing History of Bangladesh (section)

====Sheikh Mujib administration====
The left-wing [[Awami League]], which had won the 1970 election in Pakistan, formed the first post-independence government in Bangladesh. Awami League leader [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] became the 2nd [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh]] on 12 January 1972 and is widely regarded as the nation's independence hero and [[founding father]]. [[Nation-building]] under his regime was based on secular Bengali nationalist principles. The original [[Constitution of Bangladesh]], drafted by [[Kamal Hossain]], laid down the structure of a liberal democratic [[parliamentary republic]] with socialist influences in 1972.

On the international stage, Rahman and his Indian counterpart [[Indira Gandhi]] signed the 25-year [[Indo-Bangladeshi Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace]]. Bangladesh joined the [[Organization of the Islamic Conference]], the [[Commonwealth of Nations]] and the [[Non-Aligned Movement]]. Rahman was invited to Washington DC and Moscow for talks with American and [[Soviet]] leaders. In the [[Delhi Agreement]] of 1974, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan pledged to work for regional stability and peace. The agreement paved the way for the return of interned Bengali officials and their families stranded in Pakistan, as well as the establishing of diplomatic relations between Dhaka and Islamabad. Japan became a major aid provider to the new country. Although Israel was one of early countries to recognise Bangladesh,<ref>
{{cite book |last=Husain |first=Syed Anwar |chapter=Bangladesh and Islamic Countries, 1972-1983 |year=1990 |editor-last1=Tepper |editor-first1=Elliot L. |editor-last2=Hayes |editor-first2=Glen A. |title=Bengal and Bangladesh: Politics and Culture on the Golden Delta |publisher=Asian Studies Center, Michigan State University |page=103 |quote="In April 1972, Israel also extended recognition to Bangladesh."}}
</ref> the government in Dhaka strongly supported [[Egypt]] during the [[Arab-Israeli War of 1973]]. In return, Egypt gifted Bangladesh's military with 44 tanks.<ref name="globalsecurity">
{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/bangladesh/army-modernization.htm |title=Bangladesh Army – Modernization |last=Pike |first=John |publisher=globalsecurity.org |access-date=6 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228181126/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/bangladesh/army-modernization.htm |archive-date=28 December 2016 |url-status=live}}
</ref> The [[Soviet Union]] supplied several squadrons of [[MiG-21]] planes.<ref name="globalsecurity2">
{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/bangladesh/air-force-modernization.htm |title=Bangladesh – Air Force Modernization |last=Pike |first=John |publisher=globalsecurity.org |access-date=6 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226230031/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/bangladesh/air-force-modernization.htm |archive-date=26 December 2016 |url-status=live}}
</ref>

Domestically, Rahman's regime became increasingly authoritarian.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |year=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |publisher=Hodder and Stoughton |page=52 |isbn=0-340-39420-X}}</ref> There was an insurgency by the radical socialist [[Jashod]], as well as agitation by pro-business and conservative forces, who felt the Awami League was unfairly taking exclusive credit for the liberation struggle.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}} Rahman imposed a three-month state of emergency in 1974 to clean up mismanagement and corruption.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |year=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |publisher=Hodder and Stoughton |pages=44–45 |isbn=0-340-39420-X}}</ref> He formed the para-military [[Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini]], which was accused of [[human rights abuses]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |year=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |publisher=Hodder and Stoughton |page=37 |isbn=0-340-39420-X}}</ref> The Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini was also distrusted by many in the Bangladesh Army.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |year=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |publisher=Hodder and Stoughton |page=46 |isbn=0-340-39420-X}}</ref>

Economically, Rahman embarked on a huge [[nationalisation]] programme that failed to deliver the benefits intended. Soviet and Indian aid also failed to materialise in the desired quantity. The [[Bangladesh famine of 1974]] was a major economic blow and humanitarian crisis.<ref name="Lewis2011">
{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=David |author-link=David Lewis (academic) |date=2011 |title=Bangladesh: Politics, Economy and Civil Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5lH40gT7xvYC |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=78–81 |isbn=978-1-139-50257-3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106064248/https://books.google.com/books?id=5lH40gT7xvYC |archive-date=6 January 2017 |url-status=live}}
</ref>

In January 1975, Sheikh Mujib assumed the presidency with extraordinary powers, dissolved the parliamentary system, and established a [[one party state]]. Various political parties were merged into a sole legal national party, the [[Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League]], popularly known by its acronym BAKSAL.<ref name="Lewis2011" /> Most Bangladeshi newspapers were banned.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} The failure of Sheikh Mujib's economic policies alienated the population. By 1975 journalist [[Anthony Mascarenhas]] described him as "the most hated man in Bangladesh".<ref name="Lewis2011" /> On 15 August 1975, a group of junior army rebels [[Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman|assassinated Sheikh Mujib]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |year=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |publisher=Hodder and Stoughton |pages=65–66 |isbn=0-340-39420-X}}</ref>