Editing Digital camera (section)

=== File formats ===
{{Main|Image file formats}}

The Joint Photography Experts Group standard (JPEG) is the most common file format for storing image data. Other file types include Tagged Image File Format ([[TIFF]]) and various [[Raw image format]]s.

Many cameras, especially high-end ones, support a raw image format. A raw image is the unprocessed set of pixel data directly from the camera's sensor, often saved in a [[proprietary format]]. [[Adobe Systems]] has released the [[Digital Negative|DNG]] format, a royalty-free raw image format used by at least 10 camera manufacturers.

Raw files initially had to be processed in specialized image editing programs, but over time many mainstream editing programs, such as Google's [[Picasa]], have added support for raw images. Rendering to standard images from raw sensor data allows more flexibility in making major adjustments without losing image quality or retaking the picture.

Formats for movies are [[Audio Video Interleave|AVI]], [[DV (video format)|DV]], MPEG, [[QuickTime#File formats|MOV]] (often containing motion JPEG), [[Windows Media Video|WMV]], and ASF (basically the same as WMV). Recent formats include MP4, which is based on the QuickTime format and uses newer compression algorithms to allow longer recording times in the same space.

Other formats that are used in cameras (but not for pictures) are the Design Rule for Camera Format ([[Design rule for Camera File system|DCF]]), an [[International Organization for Standardisation|ISO]] specification, used in almost all camera since 1998, which defines an internal file structure and naming. Also used is the Digital Print Order Format ([[DPOF]]), which dictates what order images are to be printed in and how many copies. The DCF 1998 defines a logical file system with [[8.3 filename]]s and makes the usage of either FAT12, FAT16, FAT32 or exFAT mandatory for its physical layer in order to maximize platform interoperability.<ref name="DC-009-2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.cipa.jp/english/hyoujunka/kikaku/pdf/DC-009-2010_E.pdf |title=Standard of the Camera & Imaging Products Association, CIPA DC-009-Translation-2010, Design rule for Camera File system: DCF Version 2.0 (Edition 2010) |author=JEIDA/JEITA/CIPA |year=2010 |access-date=2011-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930190707/http://www.cipa.jp/english/hyoujunka/kikaku/pdf/DC-009-2010_E.pdf |archive-date=2013-09-30 }}</ref>

Most cameras include [[Exchangeable image file format|Exif]] data that provides [[metadata]] about the picture. Exif data may include aperture, [[exposure time]], focal length, date and time taken. Some are able to [[Geotagged photograph|tag the location]].