Editing 1840s (section)

=== Southern Europe ===

==== Greece ====
* [[September 3]], [[1843]] – Popular uprising in [[Athens]], [[Greece]], including citizens and military captains, to require from [[Otto, King of Greece|King Otto]] the issue of a liberal [[Constitution]] to the state, which has been governed since independence ([[1830]]) by various domestic and foreign business interests.

==== Italian Peninsula ====
* [[January 12]], [[1848]] – The [[Sicilian revolution of independence of 1848|Palermo rising]] erupts in [[Sicily]], against the [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon]] kingdom of the [[Two Sicilies]].
* [[March 22]], [[1848]] – [[Republic of San Marco]] comes into existence in [[Venice]].
* [[January 21]], [[1849]] – General elections are held in the [[Papal States]].
* [[February 8]], [[1849]] – The new [[Roman Republic (19th century)|Roman Republic]] is proclaimed.
* [[April 27]], [[1849]] – [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] enters [[Rome]] to defend it from the French troops of General [[Oudinot]].
* [[May 15]], [[1849]] – Troops of the [[Two Sicilies]] take [[Palermo]] and crush the republican government of [[Sicily]].
* [[July 3]], [[1849]] – French troops occupy [[Rome]]; the [[Roman Republic (19th century)|Roman Republic]] surrenders.

==== Spain ====
{{Main|Carlist Wars}}This period saw the 1840 end of the [[First Carlist War]], a [[civil war]] in [[Spain]] over the succession to the throne and the nature of the [[Monarchy of Spain|Spanish monarchy]]. This was the first full decade of the [[reign of Isabella II of Spain]]. Since she was only 10 years old in 1840, her true reign started in 1843, for which the first portion was referred to as [[Década moderada]]. The [[Affair of the Spanish Marriages]] (1846) was a series of intrigues between [[July Monarchy|France]], [[Mid-nineteenth century Spain|Spain]], and the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] relating Isabella II's marriages, which was shortly followed by [[Second Carlist War]] (1847–1849).

==== Portugal ====
* [[May 16]], [[1846]] – [[Revolution]]ary insurrection in Portugal (crushed by royalist troops on [[February 22]], [[1847]])