Editing Trombone (section)

=== Trombones with valves ===

==== Valve trombone ====
[[File:Yamaha YSL-354 V valve trombone.png|thumb|left|Valve (tenor) trombone in B{{Music|flat}}]]
{{Main|Valve trombone}}
In the 19th century as soon as [[brass instrument valve]]s were invented, trombones with valves instead of slides were adopted widely in orchestras, and remain popular in some parts of Europe and in [[military band]]s.

==== Cimbasso ====
{{Main|Cimbasso}}
[[File:WANZ Instrument 2024-09 IMG 7815 (white crop).png|thumb|upright|A modern cimbasso in F]]
The cimbasso covers the same range as a [[tuba]] or a [[contrabass trombone]]. The term {{lang|it|cimbasso}} first appeared in early 19th century [[Italian opera]] scores, and originally referred to an [[upright serpent]] or an [[ophicleide]]. The modern cimbasso first appeared as the ''trombone basso Verdi'' in the 1880s and has three to six [[piston valve|piston]] or [[rotary valve]]s and a predominantly cylindrical [[bore (wind instruments)|bore]]. They are most often pitched in 12' F, although models are available in E{{Music|flat}} and occasionally 16' C and 18' B{{Music|flat}}. The cimbasso is most commonly used in performances of late [[Romanticism|Romantic]] Italian operas by [[Giuseppe Verdi|Verdi]] and [[Giacomo Puccini|Puccini]], but has also experienced a 21st-century revival in film, television and video game soundtracks.

==== Superbone ====
{{Main|Superbone}}
[[File:MIMEd 3596. Holton TR-395 Superbone (white).png|thumb|left|Holton TR-395 Superbone]]
A hybrid, "duplex" or "double" trombone is a design of trombone that has both a slide and a set of three valves for altering the pitch. It has been reinvented several times since first appearing in the 19th century by [[Gustave Auguste Besson|Besson]], and later [[Charles G. Conn|Conn]]. Jazz trombonist and machinist [[Brad Gowans]] invented his "[[valide trombone]]" in the 1940s with a short four-position slide. In the 1970s [[Maynard Ferguson]] and [[Holton (Leblanc)|Holton]] produced the "Superbone", very similar to the earlier Conn. In 2013 Schagerl in collaboration with [[James Morrison (jazz musician)|James Morrison]] announced a larger bore variant with rotary valves.

==== Flugabone ====
[[File:F.E. Olds Flugabone.jpg|thumb|upright|Flugabone in B{{Music|flat}} by Olds]]
The "flugabone" (or sometimes "flugelbone"), portmanteau of "[[flugelhorn]]" and "trombone", also known as the "marching trombone", is a [[marching brass]] instrument, essentially a [[valve trombone]] wrapped into a compact flugelhorn shape.<ref name="flugabone-mfrs">{{Cite web |title=Model 955 Bb Flugelbone |work=Kanstul Musical Instruments |url= https://www.kanstul.com/instruments/trombones/955-flugelbone-in-bb/ |access-date=21 July 2022 }} {{Cite web |title=FB124 Bb Flugabone (Marching Trombone) |work=Wessex Tubas |url= https://www.wessex-tubas.com/products/flugabone-marching-trombone-fb124 |access-date=21 July 2022 }}</ref> It retains the [[bore (wind instruments)|cylindrical bore]] of the trombone, rather than the conical bore of either the [[flugelhorn]] or [[bugle]], and thus is similar in playing characteristics to a [[valve trombone]]. A similar marching trombone is the "[[trombonium]]" first produced by [[King Musical Instruments]], wrapped and held vertically like a [[euphonium]].