Editing St Paul's Cathedral (section)

===Artworks, tombs and memorials===
St Paul's, at the time of its completion, was adorned by sculpture in stone and wood: most notably that of Grinling Gibbons, by the paintings in the dome by Thornhill, and by Jean Tijou's elaborate metalwork. It has been further enhanced by Sir William Richmond's mosaics and the fittings by Dykes Bower and Godfrey Allen.{{sfn|Harris|1988|pp=214–15}} Other artworks in the cathedral include, in the south aisle, [[William Holman Hunt]]'s copy of his painting ''[[The Light of the World (painting)|The Light of the World]]'', the original of which hangs in [[Keble College]], Oxford. The St Paul's version was completed with significant input from [[Edward Robert Hughes]] as Hunt was now suffering from glaucoma. In the north choir aisle is a limestone sculpture of the ''Madonna and Child'' by [[Henry Moore]], carved in 1943.{{sfn|Harris|1988|pp=214–15}} The crypt contains more than 200 memorials and numerous burials. Christopher Wren was the first person to be interred, in 1723. On the wall above his tomb in the crypt is written in Latin: ''Lector, si monumentum requiris, circumspice'' ("Reader, if you seek his monument, look around you").

[[File:Tomb of Horatio Nelson on Saint-Paul Cathedral.jpg|thumb|Sarcophagus of Nelson in the crypt]]
The largest monument in the cathedral is that to the [[Duke of Wellington]] by [[Alfred Stevens (sculptor)|Alfred Stevens]]. It stands on the north side of the nave and has on top a statue of Wellington astride his horse "Copenhagen". Although the equestrian figure was planned at the outset, objections to the notion of having a horse in the church prevented its installation until 1912. The horse and rider are by [[John Tweed]]. The Duke is buried in the crypt.{{sfn|Harris|1988|pp=214–15}}
The tomb of [[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson|Horatio, Lord Nelson]] is located in the crypt, next to that of Wellington.{{sfn|Holmes|2002|p=297}} The marble [[sarcophagus]] which holds Nelson's remains was made for [[Cardinal Wolsey]] but not used as the cardinal had fallen from favour.{{sfn|Hibbert|Weinreb|Keay|Keay|2011|p=394}}{{sfn|Harris|1988|pp=214–15}} At the eastern end of the crypt is the Chapel of the [[Order of the British Empire]], instigated in 1917, and designed by [[John Seely, Lord Mottistone]].{{sfn|Harris|1988|pp=214–15}} There are many other memorials commemorating the British military, including several lists of servicemen who died in action, the most recent being the [[Gulf War]].

Also remembered are [[Florence Nightingale]], [[J. M. W. Turner]], [[Arthur Sullivan]], [[Hubert Parry]], [[Samuel Johnson]], [[Lawrence of Arabia]], [[William Blake]], [[William Jones (philologist)|William Jones]] and Sir [[Alexander Fleming]] as well as clergy and residents of the local parish. There are lists of the bishops and cathedral deans for the last thousand years. One of the most remarkable sculptures is that of the Dean and poet, [[John Donne]]. Before his death, Donne posed for his own memorial statue and was depicted by [[Nicholas Stone]] as wrapped in a burial shroud and standing on a funeral urn. The sculpture, carved around 1630, is the only one to have survived the conflagration of 1666 intact.{{sfn|Harris|1988|pp=214–15}} The treasury is also in the crypt, but the cathedral has very few treasures as many have been lost and, on 22 December 1810, a major robbery took almost all of the remaining precious artefacts.<ref name=MornPost />

The funerals of many notable figures have been held in the cathedral, including those of Lord Nelson, the Duke of Wellington, [[Winston Churchill]], [[George Mallory]] and [[Margaret Thatcher]].{{sfn|Quinn|2013}}

;The East India Company Trail at St Paul's Cathedral
In 2023, following nationwide discussions over the status and value of memorial statues celebrating the lives of individuals involved with the British Empire, including slavery, St Paul's Cathedral initiated a partnership with Stepney Community Trust, a community-led charity based out of the East End of London. A group of volunteers was recruited to help historically situate the many memorial statues inside St Paul's Cathedral whose careers, actions and views were associated with historic harm done to communities in South Asia. The project entailed writing explanatory texts that situated the highly eulogistic statues in their wider historical context. (These texts are available on the website of St Paul's Cathedral on webpages titled "The East India Company at St. Paul's".<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.stpauls.co.uk/east-india-company-st-pauls | title=The East India Company at St. Paul's | website=stpauls.co.uk | location=UK }}</ref>)

Memorials thus contextualised include the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/charles-george-gordon-1833-85 statue of Charles George Gordon], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/arthur-wellesley-1st-duke-of-wellington-1769-1852 statue of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/richard-southwell-bourke-6th-earl-of-mayo-1822-72 statue of Richard Southwell Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/bishop-thomas-fanshaw-middleton-1769-1822-art statue of Bishop Thomas Fanshaw Middleton], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/granville-gower-loch-1813-1853 statue of Granville Gower Loch], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/sir-william-jones-1746-94 statue of William Jones], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/charles-cornwallis1st-marquess-cornwallis-1738-1805 statue of Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/sir-henry-montgomery-lawrence-1806-57 statue of Henry Montgomery Lawrence], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/sir-henry-bartle-frere-1st-baronet-1815-84 statue of Henry Bartle Frere], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/robert-cornelis-napier-1st-baron-napier-of-magdala-1810-90 statue of Robert Cornelius Napier, 1st Baron Napier of Magdala], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/sir-charles-james-napier-1782-1853 statue of Charles James Napier], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/sir-charles-metcalfe-macgregor-1840-87 statue of Charles Metcalfe Macgregor], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/sir-samuel-james-browne-1824-1901 statue of Samuel James Browne], the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/sir-harry-smith-parkes-1828-85 statue of Harry Smith Parkes] and the [https://www.stpauls.co.uk/indian-army-volunteers memorial to Indian Army Volunteers]. The trail has a printed guide that visitors may use, and the statues on the trail are identifiable by a graphic and a QR code, which leads to the relevant webpage upon scanning. The graphic is original artwork produced by graphic design artist Sonal Agarwal and represents a cluster of statues of South Asian persons, men and women, who currently serve as decorative or supportive features of the main statues.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The East India Company at St Paul's |url=https://www.stpauls.co.uk/east-india-company-st-pauls |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=St Paul's Cathedral |language=en}}</ref> 
<!---PLAN: create a "List of memorials in St Paul's"
St Paul's is home to other plaques, carvings, statues, [[church monument|memorials]], and tombs of famous British figures including:

* Sir [[John Eardley Inglis]]
* [[Isaac Brock|General Sir Isaac Brock]]
* [[Charles Robert Cockerell]]{{sfn|Keene|Burn|Saint|2004|p=284}}
* [[Sir Edwin Lutyens]]
* [[John Donne]], whose funeral effigy (portraying him in a shroud) but not his tomb survives from Old St Paul's.
* [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]]
* [[The Duke of Wellington]]{{sfn|Dunton|1896|pp=25–26}}
* [[Lord Nelson]]{{sfn|Dunton|1896|pp=25–26}}
* [[Henry Moore]]
* [[Cuthbert Collingwood, 1st Baron Collingwood]]
* Sir [[William Alexander Smith (Boys' Brigade)|William Alexander Smith]]
* Sir [[Winston Churchill]]
* [[T. E. Lawrence]], whose [[Bust (sculpture)|bust]] faces Nelson's [[sarcophagus]]
* Sir [[Alexander Fleming]]
* [[Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley]]
* [[John Colet]]
* Sir [[Philip Vian]]
* [[John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe]]
* [[David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty]]
* Sir [[Arthur Sullivan]]
* Sir [[Lawrence Alma-Tadema]]
* Sir [[Hubert Parry]]
* [[Florence Nightingale]]
* [[J. M. W. Turner]]{{sfn|Dunton|1896|pp=25–26}}
* Sir [[Joshua Reynolds]]{{sfn|Dunton|1896|pp=25–26}}
* Dr. [[Samuel Johnson]]{{sfn|Dunton|1896|pp=25–26}}
* [[Ivor Novello]]
* [[Charles Cornwallis]]
* [[Frederick George Jackson]]
* [[Mandell Creighton]] and [[Louise Creighton]]
* [[Roy Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson of Fleet]] --->

[[File:20180629 43 St. Paul's Cathedral.jpg|thumb|upright|The Geometric Staircase at St Paul's Cathedral, designed by Christopher Wren and built by William Kempster]]