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===== Hispanic and Latino Americans ===== {{See also|Hispanic and Latino Americans in politics}}As the most populous minority demographic identified in the 2010 US Census, [[Hispanic and Latino Americans]] have become an increasingly important constituency that is spread throughout the United States.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Wallace|first=Sophia J.|date=2014|title=Examining Latino Support for Descriptive Representation: The Role of Identity and Discrimination |journal=Social Science Quarterly|volume=95|issue=2|pages=311–327|doi=10.1111/ssqu.12038|jstor=26612166|issn=0038-4941}}</ref> Despite also constituting 15% of the population in at least a quarter of House districts, Latino representation in Congress has not correspondingly increased.<ref name=":3" /> Furthermore, in 2017, Latino members of Congress only represented about one-quarter of the total Latino population in the US.<ref name=":1" /> While there are many potential explanations for this disparity, including issues related to voter suppression, surveys of Latino voters have identified trends unique to their demographic—though survey data has still indicated that descriptive representation is important to Hispanic and Latino voters.<ref name=":3" /> While descriptive representation may be considered important, an analysis of a 2004 national survey of Latinos revealed that political participation and substantive representation were strongly associated with each other, possibly indicating that voters mobilize more on behalf of candidates whose policy views reflect their own, rather than for those who share their ethnic background.<ref name=":4" /> Moreover, a breakdown of the rationale for emphasizing descriptive representation reveals additional factors behind supporting Latino candidates, such as the view that they may have a greater respect and appreciation for [[Spanish language|Spanish]] or a belief that Latinos are "linked" together, indicating the significance of shared cultural experiences and values.<ref name=":3" /> Although the reasons behind choosing to vote for Latino candidates are not monolithic, the election of Latinos to Congress has been identified as resulting in benefits for minorities overall. While it has been argued that unique district-related issues can take equal or greater precedence than Latino interests for Hispanic and Latino members of Congress, studies have also shown that Latinos are more likely to support African American members of Congress—and vice versa—beyond just what is expected from shared party membership.<ref name=":4" />
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