Editing Jesus in Islam (section)

=== Shia Islam ===
In the [[Nahj al-Balagha]], the fourth caliph [[Ali]] ({{Reign|656|661}}) is reported to have talked about the simplicity of Jesus.{{Sfn|Leirvik|2010|p=75}} Ali says that "Jesus used a stone for his pillow, put on coarse clothes and ate rough food. His condiment was hunger. His lamp at night was the moon. He had no wife to allure him, nor any son to give grief, neither wealth to deviate. His two feet were his conveyance and his two hands were his servant".{{Sfn|Leirvik|2010|p=75}} According to [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]], a great-great-grandson of Ali, the time between David and Jesus was four hundred years.{{Sfn|Qaim|2007|p=36–37}} Ja'far further says that the religion of Jesus was monotheism ({{transliteration|ar|tawḥīd}}) and purity ({{transliteration|ar|ikhlāṣ}}).{{Sfn|Qaim|2007|p=36–37}} The {{transliteration|ar|Injil}} (Gospel) was sent down to him and the pledge that other prophets took was also taken from Jesus: to establish prayer with religion, enjoin the good and forbid the evil, allowing what is allowed and forbidding what has been forbidden. Admonitions and parables were sent down to him in the {{transliteration|ar|Injil}}, but there was no law of retribution in it nor precepts of retribution ({{transliteration|ar|ahkam al-hudud}}), and no obligations for inheritance. He was sent what was an alleviation of what was sent down to Moses in the Torah. Jesus commanded of his followers that they believe in the law of the Torah and the {{transliteration|ar|Injil}}.{{Sfn|Qaim|2007|p=36–37}}

According to [[Al-Qadi al-Nu'man|Qadi al-Nu'man]], a famous Muslim jurist of the [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimid period]], Jesus is referred to as the Messiah ({{transliteration|ar|al-Masīḥ}}) in the Quran because he was sent to the people who responded to him in order to remove ({{transliteration|ar|masaha}}) their impurities, the ailments of their faith; whether apparent ({{transliteration|ar|[[Zahir (Islam)|zahir]]}}) or hidden ({{transliteration|ar|[[Batin (Islam)|batin]]}}). [[Al-Qadi al-Nu'man|Qadi al- Nu'man]], in his work ''Foundation of Symbolic Interpretation'' ({{transliteration|ar|Asās al-ta'wīl}}), talks about the spiritual birth ({{transliteration|ar|milad al-batin}}) of Jesus, as an interpretation of his story of physical birth ({{transliteration|ar|milad al-zahir}}) mentioned in the Quran. He says that [[Mary, mother of Jesus|Mary]], the mother of Jesus, is a metaphor for someone who nurtured and instructed Jesus ({{transliteration|ar|lāhiq}}), rather than physically giving birth to him. [[Al-Qadi al-Nu'man|Qadi al-Nu'man]] explains that Jesus was from the pure progeny of [[Abraham in Islam|Abraham]], just as [[Ali]] and his sons were from the pure progeny of [[Muhammad]], through [[Fatimah|Fatima]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Hierohistory in Qāḍī l-Nuʿmān's Foundation of Symbolic Interpretation (Asās al-Taʾwīl): the Birth of Jesus|date=6 November 2019|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004415294_007|journal=Studies in Islamic Historiography|pages=147–169|publisher=BRILL|doi=10.1163/9789004415294_007|isbn=978-90-04-41529-4|access-date=21 November 2020|last1=Virani|first1=Shafique N.|s2cid=214047322}}</ref>