Editing General American English (section)

== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Baker
|first1=Adam
|last2=Mielke
|first2=Jeff
|last3=Archangeli
|first3=Diana
|year=2008
|chapter=More velar than /g/: Consonant Coarticulation as a Cause of Diphthongization
|editor1-last=Chang
|editor1-first=Charles B.
|editor2-last=Haynie
|editor2-first=Hannah J.
|title=Proceedings of the 26th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics
|pages=60–68
|location=Somerville, Massachusetts
|publisher=Cascadilla Proceedings Project
|isbn=978-1-57473-423-2
|chapter-url=http://www.lingref.com/cpp/wccfl/26/paper1656.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624101808/http://www.lingref.com/cpp/wccfl/26/paper1656.pdf |archive-date=2011-06-24 |url-status=live
}}<!-- Referenced in [[Template:/æ/ raising in North American English]] -->
*{{cite book
|last=Boberg
|first=Charles
|author-link=Charles Boberg
|editor-last=Hickey
|editor-first=Raymond
|year=2004a
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gZV7AAAAQBAJ
|chapter=Standard Canadian English
|title=Standards of English: Codified Varieties Around the World
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|isbn=978-0-521-76389-9
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Boberg
|first=Charles
|year=2004b
|chapter=English in Canada: phonology
|editor1-last=Schneider
|editor1-first=Edgar W.
|editor2-last=Burridge
|editor2-first=Kate
|editor3-last=Kortmann
|editor3-first=Bernd
|editor4-last=Mesthrie
|editor4-first=Rajend
|editor5-last=Upton
|editor5-first=Clive
|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English
|volume=1: Phonology
|location=Berlin
|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter
|pages=351–365
|isbn=3-11-017532-0
}}
* {{cite journal
|last=Boberg
|first=Charles
|year=2008
|title=Regional phonetic differentiation in Standard Canadian English
|journal=Journal of English Linguistics
|volume=36
|issue=2
|pages=129–154
|doi=10.1177/0075424208316648
|s2cid=146478485
|url=https://www.academia.edu/7683591
}}<!-- Referenced in [[Template:/æ/ raising in North American English]] -->
* {{cite journal
|doi=10.1121/1.418333
|last1=Boyce
|first1=S.
|last2=Espy-Wilson
|first2=C.
|year=1997
|title= Coarticulatory stability in American English /r/
|journal=Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|volume=101
|issue=6
|pages=3741–3753
|pmid=9193061
|bibcode=1997ASAJ..101.3741B
|url=http://www.asel.udel.edu/icslp/cdrom/vol3/216/a216.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970722193042/http://www.asel.udel.edu/icslp/cdrom/vol3/216/a216.pdf |archive-date=1997-07-22 |url-status=live
|citeseerx=10.1.1.16.4174
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Bonfiglio
|first=Thomas Paul
|title=Race and the Rise of Standard American
|year=2002
|location=Berlin
|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VdVfXCSHzXwC
|isbn=978-3-11-017189-1
}}
* {{cite book
|title=The Phonetics of Dutch and English
|edition=5
|location=[[Leiden]]/[[Boston]]
|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]
|year=2002
|author1-first=Beverley
|author1-last=Collins
|author2-first=Inger M.
|author2-last=Mees
}}
* {{cite journal
|last1=Delattre
|first1=P.
|last2=Freeman
|first2=D.C.
|year=1968
|title=A dialect study of American R's by x-ray motion picture
|journal=Linguistics
|volume=44
|pages=29–68
}}
* {{Cite journal
|last1=Ennser-Kananen
|first1=Johanna
|last2=Halonen
|first2=Mia
|last3=Saarinen
|first3=Taina
|date=2021
|title="Come join us and lose your accent!" Accent modification courses as hierarchization of international students
|journal=[[Journal of International Students]]
|volume=11
|issue=2
|pages=322–340
|doi=10.32674/jis.v11i2.1640
|issn=2162-3104
|eissn=2166-3750
|doi-access=free
}}
* {{cite conference
|last=Duncan
|first=Daniel
|date=2016-02-10
|publication-date=2016-06-21
|title='Tense' /æ/ is still lax: A phonotactics study
|editor1-last=Hansson
|editor1-first=Gunnar Ólafur
|editor2-last=Farris-Trimble
|editor2-first=Ashley
|editor3-last=McMullin
|editor3-first=Kevin
|editor4-last=Pulleyblank
|editor4-first=Douglas
|book-title=Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Meeting on Phonology
|conference=Annual Meetings on Phonology
|conference-url=https://journals.linguisticsociety.org/proceedings/index.php/amphonology/issue/view/151
|volume=3
|location=Washington, D.C.
|publisher=Linguistic Society of America
|doi=10.3765/amp.v3i0.3653
|doi-access=free
}}<!-- Referenced in [[Template:/æ/ raising in North American English]] -->
* {{cite book
|last=Gordon
|first=Matthew J.
|year=2004
|chapter=The West and Midwest: phonology
|editor1-last=Schneider
|editor1-first=Edgar W.
|editor2-last=Burridge
|editor2-first=Kate
|editor3-last=Kortmann
|editor3-first=Bernd
|editor4-last=Mesthrie
|editor4-first=Rajend
|editor5-last=Upton
|editor5-first=Clive
|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English
|volume=1: Phonology
|location=Berlin
|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter
|pages=338–350
|isbn=3-11-017532-0
}}
* {{cite journal
|doi=10.1006/jpho.1999.0097
|last1=Hallé
|first1=Pierre A.
|last2=Best
|first2=Catherine T.
|last3=Levitt
|year=1999
|title=Phonetic vs. phonological influences on French listeners' perception of American English approximants
|journal=Journal of Phonetics
|volume=27
|pages=281–306
|first3=Andrea
|issue=3
}}
* {{cite book 
|last1=Jones 
|first1=Daniel 
|last2=Roach 
|first2=Peter 
|last3=Hartman 
|first3=James 
|title=English Pronouncing Dictionary 
|date=2006 
|publisher=Cambridge University Press 
|isbn=978-0-521-68086-8 
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jGSXwqTCwpkC 
|access-date=February 20, 2021 
|language=en
}}
* {{cite EPD|18}}
* {{cite book 
|last1=Kortmann 
|first1=Bernd 
|last2=Schneider 
|first2=Edgar W. 
|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English 
|date=2004 
|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Company KG 
|isbn=978-3-11-017532-5 
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dptsvykgk3IC 
|access-date=February 20, 2021 
|language=en
}}
* {{cite book 
|last1=Kövecses 
|first1=Zoltan 
|title=American English: An Introduction 
|date=2000 
|publisher=Broadview Press 
|location=Peterborough, Ont. 
|isbn=1-55-111229-9 
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BfQAAgAAQBAJ&q=%22general+american%22+%22network+standard%22 
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Kretzschmar
|first=William A. Jr.
|year=2004
|chapter=Standard American English pronunciation
|editor1-last=Schneider
|editor1-first=Edgar W.
|editor2-last=Burridge
|editor2-first=Kate
|editor3-last=Kortmann
|editor3-first=Bernd
|editor4-last=Mesthrie
|editor4-first=Rajend
|editor5-last=Upton
|editor5-first=Clive
|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English
|volume=1: Phonology
|location=Berlin
|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter
|pages=257–269
|isbn=3-11-017532-0
}}
* {{cite journal
|last=Labov
|first=William
|year=2007
|title=Transmission and Diffusion
|journal=Language
|volume=83
|issue=2
|pages=344–387
|doi=10.1353/lan.2007.0082
|jstor=40070845
|s2cid=6255506
|url=https://www.ling.upenn.edu/~wlabov/Papers/TD.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051108150644/http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~wlabov/Papers/TD.pdf |archive-date=2005-11-08 |url-status=live
}}<!-- Referenced in [[Template:/æ/ raising in North American English]] -->
* {{cite book
|last1=Labov
|first1=William
|author-link=William Labov
|last2=Ash
|first2=Sharon
|last3=Boberg
|first3=Charles
|year=2006
|title=The Atlas of North American English
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qa4-dFqi6iMC&q=%22general+american%22
|location=Berlin
|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter
|pages=187–208
|isbn=978-3-11-016746-7
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Lindsey
|first=Geoff
|author-link=Geoff Lindsey
|year=1990
|editor-last=Ramsaran
|editor-first=Susan
|title=Studies in the Pronunciation of English: A Commemorative Volume in Honour of A.C. Gimson
|chapter=Quantity and quality in British and American vowel systems
|publisher=Routledge
|pages=106–118
|isbn=978-0-41507180-2
}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Roca
|first1=Iggy
|last2=Johnson
|first2=Wyn
|year=1999
|title=A Course in Phonology
|publisher=Blackwell Publishing
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Rogers
|first=Henry
|year=2000
|title=The Sounds of Language: An Introduction to Phonetics
|place=Essex
|publisher=Pearson Education Limited
|isbn=978-0-582-38182-7
|url-access=registration
|url=https://archive.org/details/soundsoflanguage00roge
}}
* {{cite magazine
|last=Seabrook
|first=John
|title=The Academy: Talking the Tawk<!--sic-->
|magazine=The New Yorker
|date=2005-05-19
|url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/11/14/051114ta_talk_seabrook
|access-date=2008-05-14
}}
* {{cite journal
|last=Shitara
|first=Yuko
|title=A survey of American pronunciation preferences
|journal=Speech Hearing and Language
|year=1993
|volume=7
|pages=201–232
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Silverstein
|first=Bernard
|title=NTC's Dictionary of American English Pronunciation
|location=Lincolnwood, Illinois
|publisher=NTC Publishing Group
|year=1994
|isbn=978-0-8442-0726-1
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Thomas
|first=Erik R.
|year=2001
|title=An acoustic analysis of vowel variation in New World English
|series=Publication of the American Dialect Society
|volume=85
|publisher=Duke University Press for the American Dialect Society
|issn=0002-8207
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Thomas
|first=Erik R.
|year=2004
|chapter=Rural Southern white accents
|editor1-last=Schneider
|editor1-first=Edgar W.
|editor2-last=Burridge
|editor2-first=Kate
|editor3-last=Kortmann
|editor3-first=Bernd
|editor4-last=Mesthrie
|editor4-first=Rajend
|editor5-last=Upton
|editor5-first=Clive
|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English
|volume=1: Phonology
|location=Berlin
|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter
|pages=300–324
|isbn=3-11-017532-0
}}
* {{cite book
|orig-date=1973 
|last=Van Riper 
|first=William R. 
|chapter=General American: An Ambiguity 
|title=Dialect and Language Variation 
|publisher=Elsevier 
|editor1-last=Allen 
|editor1-first=Harold B. 
|editor2-last=Linn 
|editor2-first=Michael D. 
|year=2014 
|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NYKLBQAAQBAJ&q=%22various+labels+have+been+applied%22 
|isbn=978-1-4832-9476-6 
}}
* {{Accents of English|hide2=y}}
* {{cite book
|last=Wells
|first=John C.
|year=2008
|title=Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
|edition=3rd
|publisher=Longman
|isbn=978-1-4058-8118-0
}}
* {{cite journal
|doi=10.1159/000259995
|last1=Zawadzki
|first1=P.A.
|last2=Kuehn
|first2=D.P.
|year=1980
|title=A cineradiographic study of static and dynamic aspects of American English /r/
|journal=Phonetica
|volume=37
|issue=4
|pages=253–266
|pmid=7443796
|s2cid=46760239
}}
* {{cite journal
|last1=Zhou
|first1=Xinhui
|last2=Espy-Wilson
|first2=Carol Y.
|last3=Boyce
|first3=Suzanne
|last4=Tiede
|first4=Mark
|last5=Holland
|first5=Christy
|last6=Choe
|first6=Ann
|year=2008
|title=A magnetic resonance imaging-based articulatory and acoustic study of "retroflex" and "bunched" American English /r/
|journal=The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|volume=123
|issue=6
|pages=4466–4481
|doi=10.1121/1.2902168
|pmc=2680662
|pmid=18537397
|bibcode=2008ASAJ..123.4466Z
}}
{{refend}}