Editing Franklin D. Roosevelt (section)

===Japanese Americans===
The attack on Pearl Harbor raised concerns among the public regarding the possibility of sabotage by [[Japanese Americans]]. This suspicion was fed by long-standing racism against Japanese immigrants and the findings of the [[Roberts Commissions|Roberts Commission]], which concluded that the attack on Pearl Harbor had been assisted by Japanese spies. On February 19, 1942, Roosevelt signed [[Executive Order 9066]], which relocated 110,000 Japanese-American citizens and immigrants, most of whom lived on the Pacific Coast.<ref name = "FDR Domestic Affairs"/> They were forced to liquidate their properties and businesses and [[Internment of Japanese Americans|interned in hastily built camps]] in interior, harsh locations.

Roosevelt delegated the decision for internment to Secretary of War Stimson, who in turn relied on the judgment of Assistant Secretary of War [[John J. McCloy]]. The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the executive order in the 1944 case of ''[[Korematsu v. United States]]''.{{sfn|Smith|2007|pp=549–53}} A much smaller number of [[Internment of German Americans|German]] and [[Internment of Italian Americans|Italian]] citizens were arrested or placed into internment camps. Unlike Japanese Americans, however, they were not sent to them on the sole basis of racial ancestry.<ref>{{cite web|title=World War II Enemy Alien Control Program Overview|publisher=National Archives|date=September 23, 2016|url=https://www.archives.gov/research/immigration/enemy-aliens-overview.html}}</ref>{{sfn|Beito|2023|pp=180-183}}