Editing Enema (section)

=== Recreational usage ===

[[File:Inflatable enema nozzle in harness 01.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1|This nozzle (shown here in harness) can be inflated to a diameter wider than a rectum to force holding in an enema that could not otherwise be retained. Used either for pleasure or as part of [[BDSM]] activities.]]

==== Pleasure ====
{{Main|Klismaphilia}}
Enjoyment of enemas is known as [[klismaphilia]], which medically is classified as a [[paraphilia]].<ref>[http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20080224093721/http://www.psychologytoday.com/conditions/paraphilias.html Paraphilias] from [http://www.psychologytoday.com Psychology Today]</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Denko|first=JD.|date=April 1973|title=Klismaphilia: enema as a sexual preference. Report of two cases|journal=Am J Psychother|volume=27|pages=232–50 | issue=2|pmid=4704017|doi=10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1973.27.2.232}}</ref> A person with klismaphilia is a ''klismaphile''.

Both women and men may enjoy sexual enema play, heterosexually and homosexually, experiencing [[sexual arousal]] from enemas which they find gratifying or sensual<ref name="Agnew, 1982">Agnew, 1982</ref><ref name="Denko"/> and which can be an auxiliary to, or even a substitute for, genital [[Human sexual activity|sexual activity]].<ref name="Agnew, 1982"/><ref name="Denko">{{cite journal|last=Denko|first=JD.|date=April 1976|title=Amplification of the erotic enema deviance|journal=Am J Psychother|volume=30|pages=236–55 | issue=2|pmid=937588|doi=10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1976.30.2.236}}</ref>

Klismaphiles may perceive pleasure from a large, water-distended belly, or the feeling of internal pressure. An enema fetish may include sexual attraction to the involved equipment, processes, environments, situations, or scenarios.<ref>Brame et al., ''Different loving – The World of Sexual Dominance and Submission'':517</ref> Klismaphiles can gain satisfaction of enemas through fantasies, by actually receiving or giving one, or through the process of eliminating steps to being administered one (e.g., under the pretence of being constipated).<ref name="Denko"/>

That some women use enemas while masturbating was documented by [[Alfred Kinsey]] in ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Female'': "There were still other masturbatory techniques which were regularly or occasionally employed by some 11 percent of the females in the sample... Douches, streams of running water, vibrators, urethral insertions, enemas, other anal insertions, sado-masochistic activity, and still other methods were occasionally employed, but none of them in any appreciable number of cases."<ref>{{Citation | last1 = Kinsey | first1 = Alfred Charles | title = Sexual Behavior in the Human Female | publisher = Indiana University Press | place = Bloomington, Indiana, U.S.A. | year = 1953 | isbn = 978-0-253-33411-4 }}</ref>

==== Other sexually related uses ====
Besides klismaphilia, the intrinsic enjoyment of enemas, there are other uses of enemas in sexual play.<ref name=Agnew_page_76|Agnew>, ''Klismaphilia'':76</ref>

===== BDSM =====

[[File:5000 ml Enema Bag with Dildo Nozzle Filled Hanging in Tree.jpg|thumb|right|upright|A filled 5 litre enema bag connected to a bored [[dildo]], ready to inject into a recipient on the ground beneath.]]

Enemas are sometimes used in [[sadomasochism|sadomasochistic]] activities<ref>Brame et al., ''Different loving – The World of Sexual Dominance and Submission'':513,516</ref><ref>Agnew, 2000:74,77,78,79</ref> for [[erotic humiliation]]<ref>Brame et al., ''Different loving – The World of Sexual Dominance and Submission'':515,516,520</ref> or for physical discomfort.<ref>Brame et al., ''Different loving – The World of Sexual Dominance and Submission'':513,517</ref>

===== Rectal douching =====
{{Main|Rectal douching}}
Another sexual use for enemas is to empty the rectum as a prelude to other anal sexual activities such as [[anal sex]],<ref name="Agnew, 2000:76">Agnew, 2000:76</ref> possibly reducing risk of infection.

This is different from klismaphilia, in which the enema is enjoyed for itself and as a part of sexual arousal and gratification.<ref name="Agnew, 2000:76"/>

Rectal douching is a common practice among people who take a receptive role in anal sex<ref name="JavanbakhtStahlman2014">{{cite journal |last1=Javanbakht |first1=Marjan |last2=Stahlman |first2=Shauna |last3=Pickett |first3=Jim |last4=LeBlanc |first4=Marc-André |last5=Gorbach |first5=Pamina M |title=Prevalence and types of rectal douches used for anal intercourse: results from an international survey |journal=BMC Infectious Diseases |date=December 2014 |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=95 |doi=10.1186/1471-2334-14-95 |pmid=24555695 |pmc=4015843 |doi-access=free }}</ref> although rectal douching before anal sex may increase the risk of transferring [[HIV]],<ref name="Carballo-DiéguezBauermeister2007">{{cite journal|last1=Carballo-Diéguez|first1=Alex|last2=Bauermeister|first2=José A.|last3=Ventuneac|first3=Ana|last4=Dolezal|first4=Curtis|last5=Balan|first5=Ivan|last6=Remien|first6=Robert H.|title=The Use of Rectal Douches among HIV-uninfected and Infected Men who Have Unprotected Receptive Anal Intercourse: Implications for Rectal Microbicides|journal=AIDS and Behavior|volume=12|issue=6|year=2007|pages=860–866|issn=1090-7165|doi=10.1007/s10461-007-9301-0|pmid=17705033|pmc=2953367}}</ref> [[hepatitis B]],<ref name="SchreederThompson1982">{{cite journal|last1=Schreeder|first1=M. T.|last2=Thompson|first2=S. E.|last3=Hadler|first3=S. C.|last4=Berquist|first4=K. R.|last5=Zaidi|first5=A.|last6=Maynard|first6=J. E.|last7=Ostrow|first7=D.|last8=Judson|first8=F. N.|last9=Braff|first9=E. H.|last10=Nylund|first10=T.|last11=Moore|first11=J. N.|last12=Gardner|first12=P.|last13=Doto|first13=I. L.|last14=Reynolds|first14=G.|title=Hepatitis B in Homosexual Men: Prevalence of Infection and Factors Related to Transmission|journal=Journal of Infectious Diseases|volume=146|issue=1|year=1982|pages=7–15|issn=0022-1899|doi=10.1093/infdis/146.1.7|pmid=7086206}}</ref> and other diseases.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Lymphogranuloma venereum proctitis in men who have sex with men is associated with anal enema use and high-risk behavior |last1=de Vries |first1=Henry J.C. |last2=van der Bij |first2=Akke K. |last3=Fennema |first3=Johan S.A.  |last4=Smit |first4=Colette  |last5=de Wolf |first5=Frank |last6=Prins |first6=Maria | last7=Coutinho | first7=Roel A. | last8=MorrÉ | first8=Servaas|journal=Sexually Transmitted Diseases |date=2008 |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=203–208 |doi=10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31815abb08 |pmid=18091565 |s2cid=2065170 |url=https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/lymphogranuloma-venereum-proctitis-in-men-who-have-sex-with-men-is-associated-with-anal-enema-use-and-highrisk-behavior(6b9b21d8-9369-4f55-a0e5-c6804db29083).html |doi-access=free }}</ref>

==== Intoxication ====
{{Main|Alcohol enema}}
Noting that deaths have been reported from [[alcohol poisoning]] via enemas,<ref>{{cite web |url = http://darwinawards.com/darwin/darwin2007-13.html |title = The Enema Within |access-date = 11 January 2008 |year = 2008 |publisher = [[Darwin Awards]] }}</ref> an [[alcohol enema]] can be used to very quickly instill alcohol into the bloodstream, absorbed through the membranes of the colon. However, great care must be taken as to the amount of alcohol used. Only a small amount is needed as the intestine absorbs the alcohol far more quickly than the stomach.

When enema is prescribed for the administration of drugs or alcohol, a cleansing enema may first be used to clean the colon to help increase the rate of absorption.<ref name="pmid6126289">{{cite journal |vauthors = de Boer AG, Moolenaar F, de Leede LG, Breimer DD |title = Rectal drug administration: clinical pharmacokinetic considerations |journal = Clin Pharmacokinet |volume = 7 |issue = 4 |pages = 285–311 |year = 1982 |pmid = 6126289 |doi = 10.2165/00003088-198207040-00002 |s2cid = 41562861 }}</ref>