Editing Deforestation (section)

=== Financial compensations for reducing emissions from deforestation ===
{{Main|Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation}}

[[Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation|Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD)]] in developing countries has emerged as a new potential to complement ongoing climate policies. The idea consists in providing financial compensations for the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from deforestation and forest degradation".<ref>{{cite web|author1=Wertz-Kanounnikoff, Sheila|last2=Alvarado|first2=Rubio|last3=Ximena|first3=Laura|title=Why are we seeing "REDD"?|url=http://www.iddri.org/Publications/Collections/Analyses/Why-are-we-seeing-REDD|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225042425/http://www.iddri.org/Publications/Collections/Analyses/Why-are-we-seeing-REDD|archive-date=25 December 2007|access-date=14 November 2016|publisher=Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations}}</ref> REDD can be seen as an alternative to the [[emissions trading]] system as in the latter, polluters must pay for permits for the right to emit certain pollutants (i.e. {{CO2}}).

Main international organizations including the United Nations and the World Bank, have begun to develop programs aimed at curbing deforestation. The blanket term ''Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation'' (REDD) describes these sorts of programs, which use direct monetary or other incentives to encourage developing countries to limit and/or roll back deforestation. Funding has been an issue, but at the [[UN Framework Convention on Climate Change]] (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties-15 (COP-15) in Copenhagen in December 2009, an accord was reached with a collective commitment by developed countries for new and additional resources, including [[forestry]] and investments through international institutions, that will approach US$30 billion for the period 2010–2012.<ref>{{Cite news|year=2009|title=Copenhagen Accord of 18 December 2009|publisher=UNFCC|url=http://unfccc.int/files/meetings/cop_15/application/pdf/cop15_cph_auv.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=28 December 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100131004732/http://unfccc.int/files/meetings/cop_15/application/pdf/cop15_cph_auv.pdf|archive-date=2010-01-31}}</ref>

Significant work is underway on tools for use in monitoring developing countries' adherence to their agreed REDD targets. These tools, which rely on remote forest monitoring using satellite imagery and other data sources, include the [[Center for Global Development]]'s FORMA (Forest Monitoring for Action) initiative<ref>[http://www.cgdev.org/section/initiatives/_active/forestmonitoringforactionforma Forest Monitoring for Action (FORMA) : Center for Global Development : Initiatives: Active]. Cgdev.org (23 November 2009). Retrieved 29 August 2010.</ref> and the [[Group on Earth Observations]]' Forest Carbon Tracking Portal.<ref>[http://portal.geo-fct.org/(-demonstrators/browser Browser – GEO FCT Portal]{{dead link|date=March 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}. Portal.geo-fct.org. Retrieved 29 August 2010.</ref> Methodological guidance for forest monitoring was also emphasized at COP-15.<ref>{{Cite news|year=2009|title=Methodological Guidance|publisher=UNFCC|url=http://unfccc.int/files/na/application/pdf/cop15_ddc_auv.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=28 December 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119191332/http://unfccc.int/files/na/application/pdf/cop15_ddc_auv.pdf|archive-date=2010-01-19}}</ref> The environmental organization [[Avoided Deforestation Partners]] leads the campaign for development of REDD through funding from the U.S. government.<ref>[http://climateprogress.org/2009/12/16/sec-vilsack-1-billion-for-redd/ Agriculture Secretary Vilsack: $1 billion for REDD+ "Climate Progress] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608214412/http://climateprogress.org/2009/12/16/sec-vilsack-1-billion-for-redd/|date=8 June 2010}}. Climateprogress.org (16 December 2009). Retrieved 29 August 2010.</ref>