Editing Brazil (section)

=== Cinema ===
{{Main|Cinema of Brazil}}
[[File:Palácio dos Festivais de Gramado.jpg|thumb|[[Festival de Gramado|Gramado Film Festival]], the biggest [[film festival]] in the country]]
The Brazilian film industry began in the late 19th century, during the early days of the [[Belle Époque]]. While there were national film productions during the early 20th century, American films such as ''Rio the Magnificent'' were made in [[Rio de Janeiro]] to promote tourism in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rio the Magnificent (1932) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7Q1kITY168 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107002139/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7Q1kITY168 |archive-date=7 November 2015 |access-date=19 October 2015 |website=[[YouTube]]| date=18 April 2008 }}</ref> The films ''[[Limite]]'' (1931) and ''[[Ganga Bruta]]'' (1933), the latter being produced by [[Adhemar Gonzaga]] through the prolific studio Cinédia, were poorly received at release and failed at the box office, but are acclaimed nowadays and placed among the finest Brazilian films of all time.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Larry |first=Rohter |date=9 November 2010 |title=Brazil's Best, Restored and Ready for a 21st-Century Audience |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/10/movies/10cinema.html |url-access=limited |access-date=3 November 2010 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/10/movies/10cinema.html |archive-date=1 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The 1941 unfinished film ''[[It's All True (film)|It's All True]]'' was divided into four segments, two of which were filmed in Brazil and directed by [[Orson Welles]]; it was originally produced as part of the United States' [[Good Neighbor Policy]] during Getúlio Vargas' Estado Novo government.

During the 1960s, the [[Cinema Novo]] movement rose to prominence with directors such as [[Glauber Rocha]], [[Nelson Pereira dos Santos]], [[Paulo Cesar Saraceni]] and [[Arnaldo Jabor]]. Rocha's films ''[[Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol]]'' (1964) and ''[[Terra em Transe]]'' (1967) are considered to be some of the greatest and most influential in Brazilian film history.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tose |first=Juliano |title=Editorial |url=http://www.contracampo.com.br/27/frames.htm |access-date=19 October 2015 |website=Contracampo – revista de cinema |publisher=Revista Contracampo}}</ref>

During the 1990s, Brazil saw a surge of critical and commercial success with films such as ''[[O Quatrilho]]'' ([[Fábio Barreto]], 1995), ''[[O Que É Isso, Companheiro?]]'' ([[Bruno Barreto]], 1997) and ''[[Central Station (film)|Central do Brasil]]'' ([[Walter Salles]], 1998), all of which were nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film]], the latter receiving a [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] nomination for [[Fernanda Montenegro]]. The 2002 crime film ''[[City of God (2002 film)|City of God]]'', directed by [[Fernando Meirelles]], was critically acclaimed, scoring 90% on [[Rotten Tomatoes]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cidade de Deus (City of God) (2003) – Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/city_of_god/#top-critics-numbers |access-date=19 October 2015 |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |date=17 January 2003 |publisher=[[Flixster]]}}</ref> being placed in [[Roger Ebert]]'s Best Films of the Decade list<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |title=The best films of the decade |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/rogers-journal/the-best-films-of-the-decade |access-date=19 October 2015 |website=RogerEbert.com|date=14 December 2012 }}</ref> and receiving four [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]] nominations in 2004, including [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]]. Notable film festivals in Brazil include the [[São Paulo International Film Festival|São Paulo]] and [[Rio de Janeiro International Film Festival]]s and the [[Festival de Gramado|Gramado Festival]].