Editing Tubal ligation (section)

== History ==
The first modern female sterilization procedure was performed in 1880 by Dr. Samuel Lungren of Toledo, Ohio, in the United States.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last1=Siegler|first1=A. M.|last2=Grunebaum|first2=A.|date=December 1980|title=The 100th anniversary of tubal sterilization|journal=Fertility and Sterility|volume=34|issue=6|pages=610–613|issn=0015-0282|pmid=7004916|doi=10.1016/S0015-0282(16)45206-4|doi-access=free}}</ref> Hysteroscopic tubal ligation was developed later by Mikulicz-Radecki and Freund.<ref name=":5" />

Since its development, female sterilization has been periodically performed on patients without their informed consent, often specifically targeting marginalized populations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/201405_sterilization_en.pdf|title=Eliminating forced, coercive and otherwise involuntary sterilization|date=2014|website=World Health Organization|access-date=30 July 2019}}</ref> Given this history of human rights abuses, current sterilization policy in the United States requires a mandatory waiting period for tubal sterilization on [[Medicaid]] beneficiaries. This waiting period is not required for private insurance beneficiaries, which has the effect of selectively restricting low-income women's access to tubal sterilization.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Moaddab|first1=Amirhossein|last2=McCullough|first2=Laurence B.|last3=Chervenak|first3=Frank A.|last4=Fox|first4=Karin A.|last5=Aagaard|first5=Kjersti Marie|last6=Salmanian|first6=Bahram|last7=Raine|first7=Susan P.|last8=Shamshirsaz|first8=Alireza A.|date=1 June 2015|title=Health care justice and its implications for current policy of a mandatory waiting period for elective tubal sterilization|journal=American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology|volume=212|issue=6|pages=736–739|doi=10.1016/j.ajog.2015.03.049|issn=1097-6868|pmid=25935572|doi-access=free}}</ref>