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==References== {{reflist|30em}} ===Further reading=== {{refbegin|35em}} * Ascalone, Enrico. 2007. ''Mesopotamia: Assyrians, Sumerians, Babylonians (Dictionaries of Civilizations; 1)''. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. {{ISBN|0-520-25266-7}} (paperback). * Bottéro, Jean, André Finet, Bertrand Lafont, and George Roux. 2001. ''Everyday Life in Ancient Mesopotamia''. Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press, Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. * [[Harriet Crawford|Crawford, Harriet E. W.]] 2004. ''Sumer and the Sumerians''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. * Leick, Gwendolyn. 2002. ''Mesopotamia: Invention of the City''. London, England and New York: Penguin. * Lloyd, Seton. 1978. ''The Archaeology of Mesopotamia: From the Old Stone Age to the Persian Conquest''. London, England: Thames and Hudson. * Nemet-Nejat, Karen Rhea. 1998. ''Daily Life in Ancient Mesopotamia''. London, England and Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. * {{cite book |last1=Kramer |first1=Samuel Noah |title=Sumerian Mythology: A Study of Spiritual and Literary Achievement in the Third Millennium B.C. |date=1972 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |isbn=978-0-8122-1047-7 |edition=Revised}} * Roux, Georges. 1992. ''Ancient Iraq'', 560 pages. London, England: Penguin (earlier printings may have different pagination: 1966, 480 pages, Pelican; 1964, 431 pages, London, England: Allen and Urwin). * Schomp, Virginia. ''Ancient Mesopotamia: The Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians''. * ''Sumer: Cities of Eden (Timelife Lost Civilizations)''. Alexandria, Virginia: [[Time-Life Books]], 1993 (hardcover), {{ISBN|0-8094-9887-1}}). * [[Leonard Woolley|Woolley, C. Leonard]]. 1929. ''[https://www.fadedpage.com/books/20170924/html.php The Sumerians] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415032728/https://www.fadedpage.com/books/20170924/html.php |date=2021-04-15 }}''. Oxford: Clarendon Press. {{refend}} ===External links=== {{Commons and category|Sumer}} * [http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/Sumer.html Ancient Sumer History – The History of the Ancient Near East Electronic Compendium] * [http://www.penn.museum/sites/iraq/ Iraq's Ancient Past] – [[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology|Penn Museum]] * [http://sumerianshakespeare.com/21101.html A brief introduction to Sumerian history] ====Geography==== *{{cite web|last=Kessler|first=Peter|year=2008|title=Ancient Mesopotamia|url=https://www.historyfiles.co.uk/MainFeaturesMesopotamia.htm|website=The History Files|publisher=Kessler Associates}} ====Language==== * [https://www.sumerian.org/ Sumerian Language Page], perhaps the oldest Sumerian website on the web (it dates back to 1996), features compiled lexicon, detailed FAQ, extensive links, and so on. *{{cite web|last1=Black|first1=Jeremy Allen|author-link=Jeremy Black (assyriologist)|last2=Baines|first2=John Robert|author-link2=John Baines (Egyptologist)|last3=Dahl|first3=Jacob L.|last4=Van De Mieroop|first4=Marc|author-link4=Marc Van De Mieroop|editor-last=Cunningham|editor-first=Graham|editor-last2=Ebeling|editor-first2=Jarle|editor-last3=Flückiger-Hawker|editor-first3=Esther|editor-last4=Robson|editor-first4=Eleanor|editor-link4=Eleanor Robson|editor-last5=Taylor|editor-first5=Jon|editor-last6=Zólyomi|editor-first6=Gábor|location=[[United Kingdom]]|department=[[Faculty of Oriental Studies]]|title=ETCSL: The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature|url=https://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/|edition=revised|access-date=2022-09-23|quote=The [[Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature]] (ETCSL), a project of the [[University of Oxford]], comprises a selection of nearly 400 literary compositions recorded on sources which come from ancient Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and date to the late third and early second millennia BCE.}} *{{cite web|url=https://cdli.ucla.edu/|title=CDLI: Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative|date=2022|orig-year=1998|publication-date=1998–2022|access-date=2022-09-23|last1=Renn|first1=Jürgen|author-link=Jürgen Renn|last2=Dahl|first2=Jacob L.|last3=Lafont|first3=Bertrand|last4=Pagé-Perron|first4=Émilie|quote=Images presented online by the research project [[Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative]] (CDLI) are for the non-commercial use of students, scholars, and the public. Support for the project has been generously provided by the [[Mellon Foundation]], the [[National Science Foundation]] (NSF), the [[National Endowment for the Humanities]] (NEH), the [[Institute of Museum and Library Services]] (ILMS), and by the [[Max Planck Society]] (MPS), Oxford and [[University of California, Los Angeles]] (UCLA); network services are from UCLA's Center for Digital Humanities.}} *{{cite web|url=http://psd.museum.upenn.edu/|title=PSD: The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary|date=2022|orig-year=2003|publication-date=2003–2022|access-date=2022-09-23|last1=Sjöberg|first1=Åke Waldemar|author-link=Åke W. Sjöberg|last2=Leichty|first2=Erle|last3=Tinney|first3=Steve|quote=The [[Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary Project]] (PSD) is carried out in the Babylonian Section of the [[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology|University of Pennsylvania Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology]]. It is funded by the NEH and private contributions. [They] work with several other projects in the development of tools and corpora. [Two] of these have useful websites: the CDLI and the ETCSL.}} {{coord|32|46|dim:250km|display=title}} {{Ancient Syria and Mesopotamia}} {{Ancient Mesopotamia topics}} {{Iraq topics}} {{Rulers of Sumer}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Sumer| ]] [[Category:States and territories established in the 4th millennium BC]] [[Category:States and territories established in the 3rd millennium BC]] [[Category:States and territories disestablished in the 20th century BC]] [[Category:Bronze Age civilizations]] [[Category:Lists of coordinates]] [[Category:Archaeology of Iraq]] [[Category:Levant]] [[Category:Populated places established in the 6th millennium BC]]
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