Editing Newfoundland and Labrador (section)

==Economy==
[[File:Lobsters from Salvage, Newfoundland.jpg|thumb|Fishing boats and [[lobster trap]]s in [[Salvage, Newfoundland]]]]
For many years, Newfoundland and Labrador experienced a depressed economy. Following the [[Collapse of the Atlantic northwest cod fishery|collapse of the cod fishery]] during the early 1990s, the province suffered record unemployment rates and the population decreased by roughly 60,000.<ref name="population">{{cite web|title=Population, urban and rural, by province and territory (Newfoundland and Labrador)|url=http://www40.statcan.gc.ca/l01/cst01/demo62b-eng.htm|publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=August 22, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706182319/http://www40.statcan.gc.ca/l01/cst01/demo62b-eng.htm|archive-date=July 6, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Newfoundland and Labrador Fisheries|url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/fishery.html|publisher=Heritage Newfoundland and Labrador|access-date=December 21, 2011|archive-date=January 16, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120116113411/http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/fishery.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to a major energy and resources boom, the provincial economy has had a major turnaround since the turn of the 21st century.<ref>{{cite news|last=McCarthy|first=Shawn|title=Labour shortage looms in Newfoundland and Labrador|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/economy/labour-shortage-looms-in-newfoundland-and-labrador/article2274716/singlepage/#articlecontent|access-date=December 21, 2011|newspaper=The Globe and Mail|date=December 17, 2011|archive-date=January 21, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120121085242/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/economy/labour-shortage-looms-in-newfoundland-and-labrador/article2274716/singlepage/#articlecontent|url-status=dead}}</ref> Unemployment rates decreased, the population stabilized and had moderate growth. The province has gained record surpluses, which has rid it of its status as a "[[Equalization payments in Canada|have not]]" province.<ref name="review2011">{{cite web|title=The Economic Review 2011|url=http://www.economics.gov.nl.ca/pdf2011/TheEconomicReview2011.pdf|publisher=Government of Newfoundland and Labrador|access-date=December 21, 2011|year=2011|archive-date=December 22, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111222024226/http://www.economics.gov.nl.ca/pdf2011/TheEconomicReview2011.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/have-not-is-no-more-n-l-off-equalization-1.698924|title=Have-not is no more: N.L. off equalization|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=November 3, 2008|access-date=February 5, 2011|archive-date=March 3, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303093003/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2008/11/03/have-not.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Economic growth, gross domestic product (GDP), exports, and employment resumed in 2010, after suffering the effects of the [[late-2000s recession]]. In 2010, total capital investment in the province grew to [[Canadian dollars|C$]]6.2&nbsp;billion, an increase of 23.0% compared to 2009. 2010 GDP reached $28.1&nbsp;billion, compared to $25.0&nbsp;billion in 2009.<ref name="review 2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.economics.gov.nl.ca/ER2010/TheEconomicReview2010.pdf|title=Economic Review 2010|publisher=Government of Newfoundland and Labrador|access-date=February 5, 2011|archive-date=July 6, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706191440/http://www.economics.gov.nl.ca/ER2010/TheEconomicReview2010.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Primary sector===
[[File:Hebron Oil Platform, Newfoundland, Canada.jpg|thumb|The Hebron oil platform, before being towed out to the [[Grand Banks of Newfoundland|Grand Banks]]]]
{{See also|Petroleum industry in Canada#Newfoundland and Labrador}}
[[extraction of petroleum|Oil production]] from offshore [[oil platforms]] on the [[Hibernia (oil field)|Hibernia]], [[White Rose (oil field)|White Rose]] and [[Terra Nova (oil field)|Terra Nova]] [[oil field]]s on the [[Grand Banks]] was of {{convert|110|e6oilbbl|e6m3|abbr=unit}}, which contributed to more than 15 per cent of the province's GDP in 2006. Total production from the Hibernia field from 1997 to 2006 was {{convert|733|e6oilbbl|e6m3|abbr=unit}} with an estimated value of $36&nbsp;billion. This will increase with the inclusion of the latest project, Hebron. Remaining reserves are estimated at almost {{convert|2|Goilbbl|e6m3|abbr=unit}} as of December 31, 2006. Exploration for new reserves is ongoing.<ref name="econ"/> On June 16, 2009, provincial premier [[Danny Williams (Canadian politician)|Danny Williams]] announced a tentative agreement to expand the [[Hibernia oil field]]. The government negotiated a 10 per cent equity stake in the Hibernia South expansion, which will add an estimated $10&nbsp;billion to Newfoundland and Labrador's treasury.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/10b-hibernia-south-deal-reached-williams-1.832867 |title=CBC News – Nfld. & Labrador – $10B Hibernia South deal reached: Williams |publisher=Cbc.ca |date=June 16, 2009 |access-date=July 26, 2010 |archive-date=June 19, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619203900/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2009/06/16/hibernia-south-616.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Geologists Labrador Voiseys Bay mine.jpg|thumb|The [[Voisey's Bay Mine]] is one of [[List of mines in Newfoundland and Labrador|several mines]] located in the province.]]
The [[Mining|mining sector]] in Labrador is still growing. The iron ore mine at [[Wabush]]/[[Labrador City]], and the nickel mine in [[Voisey's Bay]] produced a total of $3.3&nbsp;billion worth of ore in 2010.<ref name="review 2010"/> A mine at Duck Pond ({{Cvt|30|km}} south of the now-closed mine at [[Buchans, Newfoundland and Labrador|Buchans]]), started producing copper, [[zinc]], silver and gold in 2007, and prospecting for new ore bodies continues.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usetdas.com/TDAS/NewsArticle.aspx?NewsID=8859|title=Buchans mine|publisher=Filing Services Canada Inc|access-date=June 17, 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929101618/http://www.usetdas.com/TDAS/NewsArticle.aspx?NewsID=8859|archive-date=September 29, 2007}}</ref> Mining accounted for 3.5% of the provincial GDP in 2006.<ref name="econ">{{cite web|url=http://www.economics.gov.nl.ca/E2007/default.asp|title=Economic Research and Analysis 2007|publisher=Economics and Statistics Branch, Department of Finance, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Office of the Queens Printer|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070624045306/http://www.economics.gov.nl.ca/E2007/default.asp|archive-date=June 24, 2007|access-date=June 17, 2008}}</ref> The province produces 55% of Canada's total [[iron]] ore.<ref name="cef">{{cite web|url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/environment/mineral.html|title=Mineral Resources|last=Bell|first=Trevor|author2=Liverman, David|publisher=Memorial University of Newfoundland|access-date=June 17, 2008|archive-date=October 2, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081002032330/http://www.heritage.nf.ca/environment/mineral.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Quarries]] producing [[dimension stone]] such as [[slate]] and [[granite]], account for less than $10&nbsp;million worth of material per year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nr.gov.nl.ca/mines&en/geosurvey/dimension/dimension.stm|title=Geological survey: Dimension stone in Newfoundland and Labrador|publisher=Natural Resources, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador|access-date=June 17, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202115329/http://www.nr.gov.nl.ca/mines%26en/geosurvey/dimension/dimension.stm|archive-date=December 2, 2008}}</ref>

The [[Fishing|fishing industry]] remains an important part of the provincial economy, employing roughly 20,000 and contributing over $440&nbsp;million to the GDP. The combined harvest of fish such as [[cod]], [[haddock]], [[halibut]], [[herring]] and [[mackerel]] was 92,961 tonnes in 2017, with a combined value of $141 million. [[Shellfish]], such as crab, [[shrimp]] and [[clam]]s, accounted for 101,922 tonnes in the same year, yielding $634 million. The value of products from the [[Seal hunting|seal hunt]] was $1.9 million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Landings and Landed Value 2017 Preliminary|url=https://www.fishaq.gov.nl.ca/stats/landings/pdf/Landings%20and%20Landed%20Value%202017P.PDF|publisher=Government of Newfoundland and Labrador|access-date=February 23, 2019|archive-date=November 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114140707/https://www.fishaq.gov.nl.ca/stats/landings/pdf/Landings%20and%20Landed%20Value%202017P.PDF|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2015, [[aquaculture]] produced over 22,000 tonnes of [[Atlantic salmon]], [[mussel]]s and [[Rainbow trout|steelhead trout]] worth over $161 million. [[Oyster]] production is also forthcoming.<ref>{{cite web|title=Newfoundland and Labrador 2014 and 2015 aquaculture Industry Highlights|url=https://www.fishaq.gov.nl.ca/stats/pdf/aqua_production_and_%20value_%202016%20aqua.pdf|publisher=Government of Newfoundland and Labrador|date=December 31, 2015|access-date=February 23, 2019|archive-date=July 18, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170718152327/http://www.fishaq.gov.nl.ca/stats/pdf/aqua_production_and_%20value_%202016%20aqua.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Agriculture]] in Newfoundland is limited to areas south of [[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's]], [[Cormack, Newfoundland and Labrador|Cormack]], [[Wooddale, Newfoundland and Labrador|Wooddale]], areas near [[Musgravetown]] and in the [[Codroy Valley]]. Potatoes, [[rutabaga]]s, [[turnip]]s, carrots and [[cabbage]] are grown for local consumption. Poultry, [[Eggs as food|eggs]], and dairy are also produced. Wild [[blueberries]], [[Vaccinium vitis-idaea|partridgeberries]] (lingonberries) and [[bakeapple]]s (cloudberries) are harvested commercially and used in [[fruit preserves|jams]] and wine making.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rodrigueswinery.com/ |title=Rodriques Winery |access-date=October 26, 2007 |archive-date=October 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014054153/http://rodrigueswinery.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Secondary sector===
[[Newsprint]] is produced by one [[paper mill]] in [[Corner Brook]] with a capacity of {{cvt|420000|tonne}} per year. The value of newsprint exports varies greatly from year to year, depending on the global market price. Lumber is produced by numerous mills in Newfoundland. Apart from seafood processing, paper manufacture and [[oil refining]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nlrefining.com/|title=Project Review|publisher=Newfoundland and Labrador Refining Corporation|access-date=June 17, 2008|archive-date=June 13, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613151221/http://www.nlrefining.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> manufacturing in the province consists of smaller industries producing food,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.purity.nf.ca/|title=Purity Factories (Newfoundland food)|access-date=October 26, 2007|archive-date=October 13, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013122935/http://purity.nf.ca/|url-status=live}}</ref> brewing and other beverage production.

===Tertiary sector===
[[Tertiary sector of the economy|Service industries]] accounted for the largest share of GDP, especially financial services, health care and public administration. Other significant industries are mining, oil production and manufacturing. The total labour force in 2018 was 261,400 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410009001&pickMembers%5B0%5D=2.2|title=Labour force characteristics by province, territory and economic region, annual (x 1,000)|website=Statistics Canada|access-date=September 23, 2019|archive-date=January 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103063951/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1410009001&pickMembers%5B0%5D=2.2|url-status=live}}</ref> Per capita GDP in 2017 was $62,573, higher than the national average and third only to Alberta and Saskatchewan out of Canadian provinces.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3610022201&pickMembers%5B0%5D=1.2&pickMembers%5B1%5D=2.1|title=Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual (x 1,000,000)|website=Statistics Canada|access-date=September 23, 2019|archive-date=January 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111005607/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3610022201&pickMembers%5B0%5D=1.2&pickMembers%5B1%5D=2.1|url-status=live}}</ref>

Tourism is also a significant contributor to the province's economy. In 2006, nearly 500,000 non-resident tourists visited Newfoundland and Labrador, spending an estimated $366&nbsp;million.<ref name="econ"/> In 2017, non-resident tourists spent an estimated $575&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Newfoundland and Labrador tourism spending reached $1.13B in 2016|url=https://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/newfoundland-and-labrador-tourism-spending-reached-113b-in-2016-187987/|publisher=The Telegram|access-date=September 10, 2019|archive-date=January 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105191324/https://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/newfoundland-and-labrador-tourism-spending-reached-113b-in-2016-187987/|url-status=live}}</ref> Tourism is most popular throughout the months of June–September, the warmest months of the year with the longest hours of daylight.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Best Time to Visit Newfoundland, Canada for Weather, Safety, & Tourism|url=https://championtraveler.com/dates/best-time-to-visit-newfoundland-ca/|url-status=live|access-date=December 5, 2021|website=[[ChampionTraveler]]|archive-date=December 5, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205162901/https://championtraveler.com/dates/best-time-to-visit-newfoundland-ca/}}</ref>