Editing Multiculturalism (section)

===Kazakhstan===
{{See also|1951 anti-Chechen pogrom in Eastern Kazakhstan}}
There are sizeable populations of ethnic Kazakhs, Russians, Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Uighurs, Tatars, Germans and more in Kazakhstan.<ref name="historykz">{{cite web|last1=Marmontova|first1=T.V.|title=Interethnic relations in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the light of multicultural theories|date=18 June 2014 |url=http://e-history.kz/en/contents/view/2125|publisher=e-history.kz}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=September 2022}} Kazakhstan was one of a few countries in post-Soviet territories that avoided interethnic clashes and conflicts in the period of USSR's final crisis and its eventual breakup.<ref name="DND">{{cite web|title=Kazakhstan –The Heaven of interfaith and interethnic harmony|date=10 December 2014 |url=http://www.dnd.com.pk/kazakhstan-heaven-interfaith-interethnic-harmony/84030|publisher=Dispatch News Desk}}</ref> In 1995, Kazakhstan created the [[Assembly of People of Kazakhstan]], an advisory body designed to represent the country's ethnic minorities.<ref name="Daly">{{cite web|title=Kazakhstan's unique Assembly of People maintains ethnic harmony|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Analysis/Outside-View/2015/05/04/Opinion-Kazakhstans-unique-Assembly-of-People-maintains-ethnic-harmony/5051430316093/|publisher=UPI}}</ref> However, recent ethnic clashes and discrimination have been reported for groups such as Christians,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Michel|first=Casey|date=14 July 2017|title=The Reality of Religious Freedom in Kazakhstan|url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/07/the-reality-of-religious-freedom-in-kazakhstan/|website=[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=12 May 2021|title=2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Kazakhstan|url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2020-report-on-international-religious-freedom/kazakhstan/|website=[[United States Department of State]]|language=en-US}}</ref> ultraconservative Muslims,<ref>{{Cite web|date=4 February 2018|title=Kazakhstan Targets Beards, Pants In Fight Against 'Destructive Religious Movements'|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/kazakhstan-targets-islamist-beards-pants-destructive-movements/29017566.html|website=[[RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty]]|language=en}}</ref> ethnic [[Dungans]],<ref>{{Citation|last=[[Human Rights Watch]]|title=Kazakhstan: Events of 2020|date=3 December 2020|url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2021/country-chapters/kazakhstan|language=en|access-date=13 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Felix Corley|date=15 April 2021|title=KAZAKHSTAN: Targeting ethnic Dungan Koran teachers|url=https://www.forum18.org/archive.php?article_id=2652|website=[[Forum 18]]|language=en-gb}}</ref> [[Chechens]], [[Tajiks]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 February 2020|title=Dungan Incident Just Kazakhstan's Latest Interethnic Violence|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/dungan-incident-just-kazakhstan-s-latest-interethnic-violence/30427037.html|website=[[RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty]]|language=en}}</ref> and [[LGBT rights in Kazakhstan|LGBT people]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=21 August 2015|title=For Kazakhstan's LGBT Community, A Struggle For Recognition And Rights|language=en|work=[[NPR]]|url=http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2015/08/21/433450186/for-kazakhstans-lgbt-community-a-struggle-for-recognition-and-rights}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=23 July 2015|title=A Climate of Fear for LGBT People in Kazakhstan|url=https://www.hrw.org/report/2015/07/23/thats-when-i-realized-i-was-nobody/climate-fear-lgbt-people-kazakhstan|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref>