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=== New Zealand === The [[New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990]] provides a defendant with the right to a jury trial if they are charged with a criminal offence punishable by two years' imprisonment or more. For most offences, the defendant can choose to forego a jury trial in favour of a judge-alone (bench) trial. Serious "category 4" offences such as murder, manslaughter and treason are always tried by jury, with some exceptions.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2011/0081/latest/whole.html |title= sections 73-74, Criminal Procedure Act 2011 No 81 |publisher= Parliamentary Counsel Office}}</ref> Civil jury trials are restricted to cases involving defamation, false imprisonment or malicious prosecution.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2016/0048/latest/whole.html |title= section 16, Senior Courts Act 2016 No 48 |publisher= Parliamentary Counsel Office}}</ref> New Zealand previously required jury verdicts to be passed unanimously, but since the passing of the Criminal Procedure Bill in 2009 the Juries Act 1981<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1981/0023/latest/DLM2191701.html?search=ts_act_juries_resel&p=1#DLM2191701|title=s46C Juries Act 1981}}</ref> has permitted verdicts to be passed by a majority of one less than the full jury (that is an 11β1 or a 10β1 majority) under certain circumstances.
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