Editing Islamism (section)

====Muhammad Iqbal====
{{main|Muhammad Iqbal}}
{{see also|Two-nation theory}}

[[Muhammad Iqbal]] was a philosopher, poet and politician<ref name="aml.org.pk"/> in [[British Raj|British India]],<ref name="aml.org.pk"/><ref name="Iqbal Academy Pakistan">{{cite web|url=http://www.allamaiqbal.com/|title=Iqbal Academy Pakistan|access-date=25 October 2014|archive-date=21 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221223540/http://www.allamaiqbal.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> widely regarded as having inspired the [[Two-Nation Theory|Islamic Nationalism]] and [[Pakistan Movement]] in [[British India]].<ref name="aml.org.pk">{{cite web|url=http://www.aml.org.pk/AllamaIqbal.html|title=Allama Muhammad Iqbal Philosopher, Poet, and Political leader|publisher=Aml.Org.pk|access-date=2 March 2012|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305000639/http://www.aml.org.pk/AllamaIqbal.html|archive-date=5 March 2012}}</ref><ref name="goethezeitportal">{{cite web|author=Anil Bhatti |work=Yearbook of the Goethe Society of India |url=http://www.goethezeitportal.de/fileadmin/PDF/db/wiss/goethe/bhatti_iqbal.pdf |title=Iqbal and Goethe |access-date=7 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081030083304/http://www.goethezeitportal.de/fileadmin/PDF/db/wiss/goethe/bhatti_iqbal.pdf |archive-date=30 October 2008 }}</ref><ref name="rahnemaa01">{{cite journal |last=Rahnemaa |first=Saeed |title=Radical Islamism and Failed Developmentalism |journal=Third World Quarterly |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=483–96 |doi=10.1080/01436590801931462 |year=2008 |s2cid=144880260 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/995659 |access-date=24 September 2017 |archive-date=4 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004075512/https://zenodo.org/record/995659 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Iqbal expressed fears of [[secularism]] and secular [[nationalism]] weakening the spiritual foundations of Islam and [[Muslim]] society, and of India's [[Hindu]]-majority population crowding out Muslim heritage, culture and political influence. In 
1930, Iqbal outlined a vision of an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in northwestern India which inspired the [[Pakistan movement]].

He also promoted [[Pan-Islamism|pan-Islamic unity]] in his travels to Egypt, Afghanistan, [[Mandatory Palestine|Palestine]] and Syria.

His ideas later influenced many [[Reformism|reformist]] Islamists, e.g., [[Muhammad Asad]], [[Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi]] and [[Ali Shariati]].