Editing Hanoi (section)

== Transportation{{anchor|Transportation}} ==
{{See also|Buses in Hanoi}}
[[File:Ga Hà Nội - NKS.jpg|thumb|[[Hanoi railway station]]]]
Hanoi has 1,370 streets and roads with the total length of over {{convert|2300|km|0|abbr=on}}; 573 bridges, of which 483 small to middle bridges, 13 light overpasses for vehicles, 70 pedestrian overpasses and seven main bridges (Chương Dương, Vĩnh Tuy, Thanh Trì, Nhật Tân, Đông Trù, Thăng Long, and Phùng); 115 tunnels, including nine main tunnels, 39 pedestrian tunnels and 67 underpass. In total, the proportion of land for traffic in the city as of 2021 is 10.3%. The city also has {{convert|63|km|0|abbr=on}} of inland waterways, which include Yến stream, Hai stream, Cà Lồ and Đáy river.<ref name="Figure1">{{cite web|title=Hanoi is about to start many traffic projects|url=https://vnexpress.net/ha-noi-sap-khoi-cong-nhieu-du-an-giao-thong-4509920.html |work=[[VnExpress]] |access-date=11 September 2022|author=Võ Hải |date=11 September 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911160054/https://vnexpress.net/ha-noi-sap-khoi-cong-nhieu-du-an-giao-thong-4509920.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 }}</ref>

Hanoi is served by [[Noi Bai International Airport]], located in Soc Son District, approximately {{convert|15|km|0|abbr=on}} north of Hanoi. The new international terminal (T2), designed and built by Japanese contractors, opened in January 2015 and is a big facelift for the airport. In addition, a new highway and the new [[Nhật Tân Bridge|Nhat Tan cable-stay bridge]] connecting the airport and the city center opened at the same time, offering much more convenience than the old road (via Thang Long bridge). Taxis are plentiful and usually have meters, although it is also common to agree on the trip price before taking a taxi from the airport to the city centre.

Hanoi is also the origin or departure point for many [[Vietnam Railways]] train routes in the country with 6 national railway lines passing through the city with a total length of {{convert|162|km|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Figure1" /> The [[North–South Railway (Vietnam)|Reunification Express]] (tàu Thống Nhất) runs from Hanoi to [[Ho Chi Minh City]] from [[Hanoi railway station|Hanoi station]] (formerly Hang Co station), with stops at cities and provinces along the line. Trains also depart Hanoi frequently for Hai Phong and other northern cities. The Reunification Express line was established during the French colonial rule and was completed over a period of nearly 40 years, from 1899 to 1936.<ref>{{cite web|title=Socialist Republic of Viet Nam: Greater Mekong Subregion Kunming–Hai Phong Transport Corridor: Yen Vien–Lao Cai Railway Upgrading Project |url=http://www2.adb.org/Documents/RRPs/VIE/39175-VIE-RRP.pdf |work=Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors: Project Number: 39175: Asian Development Bank |publisher=Asian Development Bank |access-date=4 November 2012 |date=November 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120724102722/https://www2.adb.org/Documents/RRPs/VIE/39175-VIE-RRP.pdf |archive-date=24 July 2012 }}</ref> The Reunification Express between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City covers a distance of {{convert|1726|km|0|abbr=on}} and takes approximately 33 hours.<ref>{{cite web|title=A fast, vast steel spine |url=http://www.smh.com.au/travel/a-fast-vast-steel-spine-20120518-1yuq9.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |access-date=4 November 2012 |author=Mark Smith |date=19 May 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107062812/http://www.smh.com.au/travel/a-fast-vast-steel-spine-20120518-1yuq9.html |archive-date=7 January 2013 }}</ref> As of 2005, there were 278 stations on the Vietnamese railway network, of which 191 were located along the north–south line.

The main means of transport within Hanoi are motorbikes, buses, taxis, and a rising number of cars. In recent decades, motorbikes have overtaken bicycles as the main form of transportation. Cars are the most notable change in the past five years as many Vietnamese people have started to purchase them for the first time. The increasing number of cars is the main cause of gridlocks, as roads and infrastructure in older parts of Hanoi were not designed to accommodate them.<ref>{{cite web|title=Imminent gridlock |author1=Hans-Heinrich Bass |author2=Thanh Trung Nguyen |website=dandc.eu |date=March 2013 |url=http://www.dandc.eu/en/article/vietnam-needs-tackle-urban-traffic-congestion |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105182238/http://www.dandc.eu/en/article/vietnam-needs-tackle-urban-traffic-congestion |archive-date=5 November 2013 }}</ref> On 4 July 2017, the Hanoi government voted to ban motorbikes entirely by 2030 to reduce pollution, congestion, and encourage the expansion and use of public transport.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-40498052|title=Hanoi plan to ban motorbikes by 2030 to combat pollution|date=4 July 2017|publisher=BBC News|access-date=5 July 2017|language=en-GB|archive-date=4 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704235050/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-40498052|url-status=live}}</ref> The number of vehicles registered in Hanoi as of July 2022 is over 7.6 million, including more than 1 million cars, over 6.4 million motorcycles of and 179,000 electric motorbikes. This figure does not include vehicles of the armed forces, diplomatic missions and other localities' vehicles operating in Hanoi.<ref name="Figure1" />
[[File:Cat Linh Line (Hanoi Metro) interior.jpg|thumb|244x244px|Interior of the [[Hanoi Metro Line 2A|Cát Linh Metro Line]]]]
People on their own or traveling in a pair who wish to make a fast trip around Hanoi to avoid traffic jams or to travel at an irregular time or by way of an irregular route often use "xe ôm" (literally, "hug bike"). Motorbikes can also be rented from agents within the Old Quarter of Hanoi, although this falls inside a grey legal area.<ref>{{cite web|title=Getting Around Hanoi |url=http://www.frommers.com/destinations/hanoi/0197020156.html |work=Frommer's |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |access-date=4 November 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130106001620/http://www.frommers.com/destinations/hanoi/0197020156.html |archive-date=6 January 2013 }}</ref>
[[File:Discovery Cầu Giấy.jpg|thumb|291x291px|View of [[Hanoi Metro Line 3|Văn Miếu Line]] at the Chùa Hà Station]]
There are two [[Hanoi Metro|metro lines]] in Hanoi, as part of the master plan for the future [[Hanoi Metro]] system.<ref>{{cite web |last=Peel |first=Michael |date=22 January 2016 |title=Tale of two metro lines shows battle for business in Vietnam |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/dde43a4a-c0de-11e5-a8c6-deeeb63d6d4b.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302030048/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/dde43a4a-c0de-11e5-a8c6-deeeb63d6d4b.html |archive-date=2 March 2016 |access-date=27 February 2016 |website=Financial Times}}</ref> [[Line 2A (Hanoi Metro)|Line 2A]] opened on 6 November 2021,<ref>{{cite web |last=Nguyen |first=Dat |title=Hanoi gets country's first metro service |url=https://e.vnexpress.net/news/business/economy/hanoi-gets-country-s-1st-metro-service-4382113.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106015237/https://e.vnexpress.net/news/business/economy/hanoi-gets-country-s-1st-metro-service-4382113.html |archive-date=6 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2021 |publisher=VnExpress}}</ref> while [[Line 3 (Hanoi Metro)|Line 3]] began operations on 8 August 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Metro Nhổn - ga Hà Nội dự kiến vận hành đoạn trên cao dịp 30/4 |url=https://vnexpress.net/metro-nhon-ga-ha-noi-du-kien-van-hanh-doan-tren-cao-dip-30-4-4677730.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231119233502/https://vnexpress.net/metro-nhon-ga-ha-noi-du-kien-van-hanh-doan-tren-cao-dip-30-4-4677730.html |archive-date=2023-11-19 |access-date=2023-11-16}}</ref>[[File:Panorama view of Line 3, Hanoi Metro, passing over Xuan Thuy road.jpg|thumb|463x463px|Elevated section of [[Hanoi Metro Line 3|Line 3 of Hanoi Metro]] passing over Xuan Thuy road in 2024|center]]